Philipp Moritz (Hanau-Munzenberg)

Philipp Moritz von Hanau-Münzenberg (born August 25, 1605 - † August 3, 1638 in Hanau ) followed his father in the county of Hanau-Münzenberg in 1612.

Count Philipp Moritz von Hanau-Munzenberg.

Childhood and youth

Philipp Moritz was born the son of Count Philipp Ludwig II of Hanau-Munzenberg and his wife, Princess Katharina Belgica (* 1578 - † 1648), a daughter of Wilhelm I of Orange-Nassau , the silent man.

Philipp Moritz was seven years old when he came into his father's inheritance. The Imperial Court of Justice confirmed his father's will, in which his mother, Princess Katharina Belgica of Nassau-Orange, had been appointed sole guardian and regent of the county.

At the age of eight he was sent to the school established after the Reformation in the former Schlüchtern monastery (today: Ulrich von Hutten high school). From 1613 training stations followed in Basel (where his grandfather had already studied), in Geneva and in Sedan .

family

In 1626 he returned to Hanau and married Princess Sibylle Christine von Anhalt-Dessau . From this marriage emerged:

1. Sibylle Mauritania (November 2, 1630 - March 24, 1631). She is buried in the family crypt in the Marienkirche in Hanau. The remains were reburied in a new coffin in 1879 as the old one had rotted away.
2. Adolphine (born October 31, 1631 - † December 22, 1631). Baptized on December 4, 1631. Godfather was King Gustav II Adolf of Sweden , for whom Count Reinhard von Solms acted on his behalf.
3. Philip Ludwig III. (1632–1641), followed his father in the government of the county of Hanau-Munzenberg.
4. Johann Heinrich (born May 3, 1634 - † October 28, 1634, in Metz ). Johann Heinrich died while his family was on the run from Hanau to the Netherlands. Because of the war he was buried in Zweibrücken in 1635 . As soon as this was possible again, his mother had his body transferred to Hanau and buried in a tin coffin in the family coffin in the Marienkirche in Hanau on November 30, 1638.
5. Louise Eleonore Belgica (born March 3, 1636 in Metz, † in the same year in The Hague , buried there).

government

End of guardianship

Count Philipp Moritz's independent government began with a violent argument between him and his mother, Countess Katharina Belgica, over the termination of guardianship and the extent and nature of their widow's care. His mother wanted to continue to govern, even after his 25th birthday, the date for coming of age under common law , despite a settlement concluded in 1628 and an opinion from the law faculty of the University of Marburg . Philipp Moritz, on the other hand, tried to remove his mother from the government. The two processed so even before the Imperial Court . The mutual manners were rude: Philipp Moritz put his mother in front of the door, but compensated her for it in 1629. The guardianship was never properly concluded. On the other hand succeeded Count Philipp Moritz, the heated argument, his father and his younger brother, Albrecht von Hanau-Münzenberg -Schwarzenfels about primogeniture and alimony had led, now with his son, Johann Ernst settle.

Thirty years of war and flight

This also because the Thirty Years War was drawing closer. First the imperial family reached the city of Hanau, and Philipp Moritz put himself in their service in order to be able to keep the military command in his residence. He was made a colonel and was to set up three companies . When the Swedes occupied Hanau in November 1631, King Gustav II Adolf of Sweden moved into Hanau. Philipp Moritz, as a little count with no political weight, changed sides. For Philip Moritz as a Reformed man , the choice between a Catholic emperor and a Lutheran king was likely to have been between Scylla and Charybdis . King Gustav II Adolf also appointed him colonel, this time of a Swedish regiment, and gave him the Orb office as well as the former Mainz parts of the former County of Rieneck and the offices of Partenstein , Lohrhaupten , Bieber and for the change of alliance from formerly Kurmainzisches possession in 1632 the free court Alzenau . He gave the town and office of Steinheim , also from Mainz property , to the brothers of Philipp Moritz, Count Heinrich Ludwig (* 1609; † 1632) and Jakob Johann (* 1612; † 1636) . When, with the battle of Nördlingen in September 1634, the situation again turned in favor of the Roman Catholic side, these gains were of course lost again and a renewed change to the Catholic side was implausible. The count and his family had no choice but to flee, which led them first to Metz , then via Chalons , Rouen and Amsterdam to the Orange-Nassau relatives in The Hague and Delft . Count Philipp Moritz left his youngest brother, Count Jakob Johann, as regent in Hanau, since he was considered politically unencumbered.

The excellently developed fortress town of Hanau was still - and remained so until 1638 - Swedish occupied by General Jakob von Ramsay , who controlled the surrounding area from here. Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen processed the Swedish occupation of Hanau in his picaresque novel The adventurous Simplicissimus . Count Jakob Johann also left Hanau after discovering that General Ramsay had brought everything under his control and excluded him from any influence.

Return from exile

From 1635 to 1636 Hanau was besieged unsuccessfully by imperial troops under General Lamboy . The modern fortification system that had only been erected a few years earlier proved its worth during the siege. Thousands had fled to the city from the surrounding villages. After nine months of siege, a relief army under Landgrave Wilhelm V of Hesse-Kassel (1627–1637) moved in June 1636 and liberated the city. Wilhelm V von Hessen-Kassel was married to a sister of Count Philipp Moritz, Amalie Elisabeth . Since then, thanksgiving services have been held annually, from which the Lamboyfest , one of the oldest folk festivals in Germany, developed from 1800 .

In 1637 Count Philipp Moritz succeeded in coming to terms with the new Emperor Ferdinand III. to reconcile and switch back to the Roman Catholic side. He then returned to Hanau on December 17, 1637. General Ramsay remained in the fortress Hanau and interned the returning count in his city ​​palace in Hanau. He evidently hoped to inherit the count as sovereign in Hanau-Munzenberg.

However, the Swedes were on 2/11. February 1638 by a military coup carried out by friendly counts from the Wetterau Counts Association and carried out by Major Johann Winter von Güldenborn , who was in the service of Hanau, expelled from the fortress of Hanau and Count Philipp Moritz reinstated in the government. General Ramsay has now been arrested himself and taken to Dillenburg , where he succumbed a year and a half later to the injuries he had suffered in this operation.

Worth knowing

Count Philipp Moritz was a member of the literary fruitful society with the company name Der Faseltee .

death

Philipp Moritz died on August 3, 1638. He was buried in the family crypt built by his father in the Marienkirche in Hanau.

Pedigree

Pedigree of Count Philipp Moritz von Hanau-Munzenberg
Great grandparents	Philip III von Hanau-Münzenberg (* 1526; † 1561) ∞ Helena von Pfalz-Simmern (* 1532; † 1579)	Philip IV of Waldeck (*; †) ∞ Jutta von Isenburg († 1564)	Wilhelm von Nassau-Dillenburg (* 1487; † 1559) ∞ Juliana zu Stolberg (* 1506; † 1580)	Louis III de Bourbon, duc de Montpensier (* 1513; † 1582) ∞ Jacqueline de Longwy Countess of Bar du Seine (* 1538; † 1561)
Grandparents	Philipp Ludwig I of Hanau-Münzenberg (* 1553; † 1580) ∞ Magdalena von Waldeck (* 1558; † 1599)		Wilhelm I of Orange-Nassau , the silent (* 1533; † 1584) 3. ∞ Charlotte von Bourbon-Montpensier (* 1546; † 1582)
parents	Philipp Ludwig II of Hanau-Münzenberg (* 1576; † 1612) ∞ Katharina Belgica of Orange-Nassau (* 1578; † 1648)
Philipp Moritz

For the family cf. Main article: Hanau (noble family)

References

1. ↑ Suchier, Grabmonumente, p. 25f.
2. ↑ Suchier, Grabmonumente, p. 26.
3. ↑ According to Zimmermann, p. 681. May 1, 1634 is mentioned elsewhere, but this is said to be incorrect.
4. ↑ after Bernhardt, p. 360: November 10, 1634.
5. ↑ Dek, p. 29.
6. ↑ Dietrich, Im Handstreich.

literature

• Johann Adam Bernhard : History of the Lords and Counts of Hanau , in: Hanauisches Magazin (40), p. 355ff.
• Fr. W. Cuno: Memory book of German princes and princesses of the Reformed Confession , Barmen 1883.
• Fr. W. Cuno: Philipp Ludwig II., Count of Hanau and Rieneck, Lord of Munzenberg . A picture for our times drawn from archival and other sources, Prague 1896.
• AWE Dek: Count Johann the Middle of Nassau-Siegen and his 25 children . Rijswijk 1962.
• Reinhard Dietrich: Hanau conquered by hand. In: Hanauer Anzeiger. (Vol. 263, No. 37) v. February 13, 1988, p. 8.
• Reinhard Dietrich: The state constitution in the Hanauischen = Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 34 , Hanau 1996, ISBN 3-9801933-6-5
• Conrad Henning: Christian lament and funeral sermon on the fatal departure of Des weyland Highly-born counts and lords, Mr. Philipps-Moritzen, Counts of Hanaw […] , Hanau 1641
• Eckhard Meise : The Lamboy Bridge and the Lamboy Festival . In: Hanauer Geschichtsverein 1844 : The Thirty Years War in Hanau and the surrounding area = Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 45 (2011), ISBN 978-3-935395-15-9 , pp. 335-395 (379ff).
• Pauline Puppel: Amelie Elisabeth - A woman from Hanau as Landgravine of Hessen-Kassel , in: The Thirty Years War in Hanau and the surrounding area, ed. from the Hanauer Geschichtsverein 1877 eV on the occasion of the 375th return of the relief of the city, Hanau 2011, p. 151–196.
• Reinhard Suchier : Genealogy of the Hanauer count house . In: Festschrift of the Hanau History Association for its 50th anniversary celebration on August 27, 1894 . Hanau 1894.
• Ernst Julius Zimmermann : Hanau city and country. 3rd edition, Hanau 1919, ND 1978.

predecessor	Office	successor
Philip Ludwig II.	Count of Hanau-Munzenberg 1612–1638	Philip Ludwig III.