Phyllodoce caerulea

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Phyllodoce caerulea
Phyllodoce caerulea LC0329.jpg

Phyllodoce caerulea

Systematics
Class : Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
Asterids
Order : Heather-like (Ericales)
Family : Heather family (Ericaceae)
Genre : Moosheiden ( Phyllodoce )
Type : Phyllodoce caerulea
Scientific name
Phyllodoce caerulea
( L. ) Bab.

Phyllodoce caerulea is a species of the genus Moosheiden ( Phyllodoce ) within the heather family(Ericaceae). It iswidespreadin the sub-arctic regions of the northern hemisphere , but its range has larger gaps.

description

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illustration

Vegetative characteristics

Phyllodoce caerulea is an evergreen, low shrub that usually reaches heights of 5 to 15, in exceptional cases up to 25 centimeters.

The alternate leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The petiole is about 1 millimeter long. The leaf blade is 4 to 10 millimeters long and 1.7 to 3.6 millimeters wide.

Generative characteristics

The flowers stand together in pairs to six. The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . They are present from five sepals . Five petals have grown together to form an 8 to 12 millimeter long corolla. The corolla is purple at its base, but tapering off bluish-pink. There are eight or ten free-standing stamens . At the base of the ovary is nectar produced.

distribution

Phyllodoce caerulea has a discontinuous circumpolar distribution with gaps between 110 ° and 155 ° west longitude and between 70 ° and 125 ° east longitude.

Location of the first record of Phyllodoce caerulea in the British Isles (1810) on the Sow of Atholl seen from the north

In Europe, Phyllodoce caerulea occurs from Iceland to the Kanin Peninsula . The Icelandic occurrence is also disjoint and includes the area around Eyjafjörður and a site near Desjarmyri south of Borgarfjörður . In the British Isles , Phyllodoce caerulea is restricted to a few places in the Scottish Highlands . Phyllodoce caerulea was first discovered there near a spring at an altitude of 740 meters on the slopes of the Sow of Atholl , but has only been found in a few places in the Ben Alder Forest since then . In Great Britain, Phyllodoce caerulea was protected by the Conservation of Wild Creatures and Wild Plants Act in 1975. There is evidence of Phyllodoce caerulea in the Swiss Alps , but no herbarium to support this. Phyllodoce caerulea was not found on the Faroe Islands , Jan Mayen , Bear Island , Svalbard or Franz Josef Land .

In Asia, Phyllodoce caerulea occurs in the Urals , around Lake Baikal and in the Mongolian Changai and Chentii mountains , but is absent in most of central Siberia . There is further evidence from Hokkaidō , Sakhalin , Kamchatka and from Beringia .

In North America Phyllodoce caerulea occurs on the coasts of Alaska , in the Northwest Territories , Quebec and Labrador as well as in isolated locations on the Gaspésie Peninsula and in the White Mountains in New Hampshire and Vermont . The species is widespread and common in Greenland . Their absence in the Yukon Territory was described by Coker & Coker (1973) as "surprising".

Systematics

It was first published in 1753 under the name (Basionym) Andromeda caerulea by Carl von Linné in his work Species Plantarum . The new combination to Phyllodoce caerulea (L.) Bab. was published in Manual of British Botany by Charles Cardale Babington in 1843 .

Other synonyms for Phyllodoce caerulea (L.) Bab. are: Menziesia caerulea (L.) Sw. , Bryanthus caeruleus (L.) Dippel .

In Japan P. caerulea hybridizes with the pale yellow flowering species Phyllodoce aleutica , the F 1 generation of which flowers pink, orange or pink and yellowish-white striped.

Common names

english blue heath, purple mountain heather, blue mountainheath

swell

  • EC Nelson: The discovery in 1810 and subsequent history of Phyllodoce caerulea (L.) Bab. in Scotland . In: Western Naturalist . 6, 1977, pp. 45-72.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o P. D. Coker, AM Coker: Phyllodoce caerulea (L.) Bab. . In: Journal of Ecology . 61, No. 3, 1973, pp. 901-913. doi : 10.2307 / 2258657 .
  2. ↑ K. Butler: THE CONSERVATION OF WILD CREATURES AND WILD PLANTS ACT, 1975 . In: CAITHNESS FIELD CLUB BULLETIN . 1, No. 6, October 1975.
  3. ^ A b John G. Packer, A. Joyce Gould: Phyllodoce Salisbury, Parad. Lond. 1: plate 36, 1806 . In: Magnoliophyta: Paeoniaceae to Ericaceae  (= Flora of North America), Volume 8. Oxford University Press ,, ISBN 978-0-19-534026-6 .
  4. ^ L. Villar: Phyllodoce Salisb. . In: S. Castroviejo (ed.): Cruciferae – Monotropaceae  (= Flora Iberica), Volume 4. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 2003, ISBN 9788400073855 .
  5. ↑ Y. Kameyama, T. Kasagi, G. Kudo: A hybrid zone dominated by fertile F 1 s of two alpine shrub species, Phyllodoce caerulea and Phyllodoce aleutica , along a snowmelt gradient . In: Journal of Evolutionary Biology . 21, No. 2, 2008, pp. 588-597. doi : 10.1111 / j.1420-9101.2007.01476.x .
  6. ↑ Clive A. Stace: Phyllodoce Salisb. - Blue Heath . In: New Flora of the British Isles , 3rd Edition, Cambridge University Press, 2010, ISBN 978-0-521-70772-5 .
  7. ↑ Sangtae Lee, Kae Sun Chang (Ed.): English Names for Korean Native Plants . Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon 2015, ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5 .
  8. ↑ Phyllodoce caerulea . United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. Retrieved September 30, 2015.

Web links

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