Popice (Znojmo)

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Popice
Popice does not have a coat of arms
Popice (Znojmo) (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Jihomoravský kraj
District : Znojmo
Municipality : Znojmo
Area : 691.4638 ha
Geographic location : 48 ° 49 '  N , 16 ° 1'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 49 '18 "  N , 16 ° 0' 55"  E
Height: 290  m nm
Residents : 158 (2001)
Postal code : 669 02
License plate : B.
traffic
Street: Nový Šaldorf-Sedlešovice - Popice
administration
Website : www.popiceuznojma.cz
Main Street and Church of St. Sigismund
Rectory
Church of St. Sigismund
Charles Sealsfield's birthplace
Wayside shrine
Chapel of the Sorrowful Mother of God

Popice (German Poppitz ) is a district of the city of Znojmo in the Czech Republic . It is located five kilometers southwest of the city center of Znojmo and belongs to the Okres Znojmo .

geography

Popice is located on the right side above the Kerbtal of the Thaya on the edge of the National Park Podyjí in the Znojemská pahorkatina ( Znojmo hill country ). The Suchý potok stream rises in the village, which is surrounded by extensive vineyards and orchards. To the north rises the Popický vrch (313 m nm), in the northeast of the Sáh ( Goldberg ), southeast of the Pustý kopec or Na Dalekých ( drought hill , 264 m nm), in the west of the Šobes (332 m nm) and northwest of the Nad Novou cestou ( Neuwegberg , 374 m nm). The Trausnitzer Grund ( Trouznické údolí ) extends to the north . The Vienna – Retz – Znojmo railway runs east of the village, and the next stop is Znojmo – Nový Šaldorf . The border with Austria runs five kilometers to the west .

Neighboring towns are Mašovice , Andělský Mlýn and Konice in the north, Sedlešovice in the northeast, Nový Šaldorf and Načeratice in the east, Vrbovec and Chvalovice in the southeast, Hatě and Šatov in the south, Havraníky in the southwest, Merkersdorf in the west and Hardegg and Podmolí in the northwest.

history

The village was probably founded at the transition from the 12th to the 13th century by the Brück monastery with German settlers. In the 13th century, the Lords of the Cross with the Red Star on Pöltenberg acquired the place. The first written mention of Popowicz took place on June 6, 1252 in a certificate of ownership of the Margrave Ottokar II Přemysl for the Coming Pöltenberg. At the beginning of the 15th century, the village was taken away from the commander. In 1406, Margrave Jobst of Moravia donated the tithe from the Popowicz vineyards and fields that had accrued to him after the death of Stephan von Borek, with the exception of two wages that Alexander Bítovský von Lichtenberg had stipulated for his follower Niklas von Heršice, his secretary, the Rattai pastor Pešek von Rozhovice and his brother. The oldest news about the Trawznycht ( Trausnitzer Mill ) on the right bank of the Thaya comes from the year 1409.

In 1434 Popowicz was destroyed by the Hussites. The first mention of a parish comes from 1500. In 1509 the Kommende Pöltenberg left 350 hectares of land to the village as free pasture, which formed the basis for keeping and breeding the Poppitzer sheep . The oldest surviving land register was started in 1558. In 1574 the Coming Party issued a municipal code for Poppitz. In 1577, the Poppitzer pastor and the Seelau abbot received the benefices from Deutsch Konitz that had previously flowed to the Klosterbruck abbot .

Poppitz was devastated during the Thirty Years War. In 1680, 155 inhabitants died when the plague broke out. The oldest local seal comes from the 17th century; it shows a shield with a cross and two six-pointed stars, on both sides of which there are two more stars and above them a grape. The inscription reads: SIGIL.DER.GEMEIN.IN.POPITZ .

The source of income for the residents was agriculture. The ridges around Kaidling and Poppitz, belonging to the foothills of the Manhartsberg, protected both villages from westerly and north winds; there were vineyards on the south-eastern slopes. In addition, grain, vegetables and fruit were grown. The favorable climatic conditions allowed the cherries and peaches to ripen on the slopes around Poppitz and Deutsch Konitz earlier than in other places in the Znojmo district.

In 1779 Emperor Joseph II stayed in the Poppitzer vicarage. In 1793 there were 423 people living in Poppitz. During the Napoleonic Wars, the village was occupied and looted by French troops in 1805 and 1809, and the mayor died after being tortured.

In 1834 the village Poppitz or Popice consisted of 74 houses with 408 German-speaking inhabitants. The parish administration belonging to the Deanery of Znojmo and incorporated into the Order of the Cross, with the Church of St. Sigismund and the school. There was also an official wine cellar with a press house in the village. Poppitz was the seat of one of the three stately forest districts. The Trausnitzer mill ( Čekanovický mlýn ) was on the right bank of the Thay . Above this, in the Thaya Gorge, there were nine mills, some of which belonged to Moravia and some to Austria, of which six still existed; the two mills formerly subordinate to the Kommende Pöltenberg had gone out. Groß Maispitz remained subordinate to the Pöltenberg monastery until the middle of the 19th century . The place of administration was Pöltenberg.

After the abolition of patrimonial Poppitz / Popice formed a municipality in the judicial district of Znojmo from 1849. The community bought a new seal with a bunch of grapes, and the sign of the Cross was removed. During the German War , the population fled with their cattle in 1866 from the Prussian troops to the Poppitzer forests, valuables and food had previously been buried in the storage and wine cellars. In 1868 the municipality became part of the Znojmo District. From 1869 the construction of the Northwest Railway took place south of the village , and it started operating in 1871. In 1880 the village had 409 inhabitants, including 371 Germans and 37 Czechs. Ten years later the number of inhabitants had remained the same, with one exception the village was inhabited exclusively by Germans. After 1890 the phylloxera spreading from Schattau over South Moravia also reached Poppitz. In 1900 the Znojmo section of the Austrian Tourist Club had the Sealsfield-Stein viewpoint prepared and a hiking trail marked. In the 1910 census, 359 people lived in Poppitz , 357 of them were Germans and two were Czechs. In 1911, the road to Deutsch Konitz was expanded to become a road.

After the First World War, the multi-ethnic state Austria-Hungary disintegrated , and in 1918 Poppitz became part of the newly formed Republic of German Austria . In early 1919, despite strong protests from German residents, the community became part of the Czechoslovak Republic . A little later, the German-speaking places in the border area were obliged to keep a Czech inscription in the community stamp. In 1921 there were 349 people living in Poppitz, including 335 Germans and ten Czechs. The hill Feuerberg ( Skaliska ) between Deutsch Konitz and Poppitz was the destination of solstice celebrations of the gymnastics clubs in the 1920s and 1930s. In 1930 a hydropower plant was built in the Trausnitzer mill. In 1930, 346 people lived in the community, including 319 Germans and 20 Czechs. In the mid-1930s a light bunker line of the Czechoslovak Wall was built in the Thayatal , and the border with Austria was also fortified. After Austria was annexed to the German Reich in March 1938, fears of a German attack increased in Czechoslovakia. In the late summer of 1938 there was partial mobilization and the bunker lines were occupied. In autumn, strong troops were relocated to the border to defend the country. As a result of the Munich Agreement , the village was occupied by German troops on October 13, 1938 and assigned to the German district of Znaim . With the annexation to the German Reich, the local population saw the danger of war as averted. Agriculture experienced an upswing during this time. In 1939 Poppitz merged with Deutsch Konitz to form a community of Waldberg ; Deutsch Konitz became the district Waldberg-Nord, Poppitz became Waldberg-Süd. The seat of the community was Waldberg-Nord. The fantasy names were initiated by the Znojmo District Administrator Alfred Kottek . On May 8, 1945, the Red Army took the village. A day later, self-proclaimed Czech Revolutionary Guards occupied the place, which resulted in looting and rape. Almost all German men from Popice were deported to Šatov on May 17th and abused there. After that, most of them were sent to Znojmo and Mansberk camps for forced labor. Of the remaining Germans, an 80-year-old senior was killed because of a goat in 1946, and an 86-year-old starved to death. The last German residents were expelled to the West Zone on March 5, 1946 .

Popice came back to Czechoslovakia after the end of the war and again formed a community in Okres Znojmo ; the Waldberg merger was canceled. Czechs, mostly from Moravian Slovakia , were quartered in the houses of the village . The houses and land of the German residents were transferred to them in July 1945. Some of the German residents had fled across the border to Austria at that time. In August 1946 the last German residents were expelled.

In 1960 Popice was incorporated into Konice u Znojma . At the same time, the JZD Popice and Konice u Znojma merged. In 1961 there were 228 people living in Popice.

With the construction of the Thayatalsperre Znojmo, the Trauznický mlýn hydropower plant in the Rabenstein Valley was also demolished from 1962. In 1966 the Rabenstein valley was flooded. When plans became known in the 1970s to build another large dam in the profile of the rock face “Býčí skála” opposite the “Sealsfieldův kámen”, with which the entire Thayatal as far as Hardegg was to be flooded, the Austrian “citizens' initiative for conservation in particular prevented it des Thayatales “the project.

In 1978 the houses of the community were consecutively renumbered; the houses in Popice were given house numbers 1–61 and those in Konice u Znojma were given numbers 62–165. On July 1, 1980, it was incorporated into Znojmo; thereafter, the original house numbering was restored in both places.

In 1991 there were 164 residents in Popice. In the 2001 census, the place consisted of 63 houses in which 158 people lived. There are a total of 80 addresses in Popice.

Attractions

  • Church of St. Sigismund, it was built in the 15th century. It has two altars. Two of the four bells date from the 17th century
  • Two-storey rectory with a renaissance gate, built in the second half of the 16th century as the summer residence of the Grand Master of the Order of the Cross
  • Charles Sealsfield's birthplace, museum
  • Wayside shrine with four reliefs, from the 16th century
  • Wine cellar
  • Statue of St. Florian, created in the second half of the 17th century
  • Cemetery gate, from the first half of the 18th century
  • Lady Chapel on the way to Havraníky, it was built in 1815 in place of an old martial column of the Sorrowful Mother of God from 1680 The Marienquelle is located next to the chapel.
  • Niche chapel on the road to Konice
  • Statues of hll. Johannes von Nepomuk and Antonius, Dreifaltigkeitsmarterl, Marterl from the time of the Thirty Years War on the Horáčkův kopeček ( Häuselberg )
  • Sealsfield stone ( Sealsfieldův kámen ): north-west of the village above the Thaya, from Popice there is a hiking trail. The rock forest with a view of the 150 m deep Thayatal was opened up for tourism in 1900 by the Znojmo section of the Austrian Tourist Club. Opposite are the Altan Králův stolec and the rock face Býčí skála
  • Horáčkův kopeček natural monument on the eastern edge of the village
  • Natural monument Pustý Kopec u Konic, the hill southeast of Popice was placed under protection in 1956
  • Popické vřesoviště ( Poppitzer Heide ), the former hut pasture west of Popice is overgrown with heather
  • Deeply cut valley of the Thaya with rock walls and the reservoir Znojmo
  • Trauznické údolí valley , north of Popice

Sons and daughters of the place

Web links

Commons : Popice  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/669121/Popice-u-Znojma
  2. ^ Gregor Wolny : The Margraviate Moravia topographically, statistically and historically described , III. Volume: Znaimer Kreis (1837), p. 478
  3. ↑ http://www.czso.cz/csu/2009edicniplan.nsf/t/010028D080/$File/13810901.pdf
  4. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/adresy-objekty-casti-obce/069124/Cast-obce-Popice