Raitenau (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the von Reitnaw family in Siebmacher's coat of arms book from 1605

Raitenau is the name of a southern German aristocratic family that settled in the Lake Constance area from the 14th to the 17th century .

History of the Lords and Counts of Raitenau

The Raitenau are said to have originally been settled in the Lenzburg rulership on a castle with their name and in Chur . The Raitenaus in Vorder-Raitenau (also: Unter-Raitenau) in the Allgäu near Lindau have been recorded since 1325 .

In 1376 the Raitenaus sold their Unter-Raitenau moated castle to Hans Hübschlin , a patrician from Ravensburg . As a result, Raitenauers are in the service of the St. Gallen and Lindau monasteries , the Counts of Montfort and the Habsburgs . They had owned Ober-Lochau Castle and the old Hofen Castle since the 15th century . The family had their hereditary funeral in Langnau Abbey near Tettnang since 1380 . In the 15th and early 16th centuries, other Raitenauers are famous without the line of succession being secured: Werner was abbot of the Benedictine Abbey of Pfäfers in the canton of St. Gallen from 1416–1435 , Friedrich 1445–1478 in the same function. Four family members were abbesses in the Cazis monastery in the Hinterrheintal: Hildegard, approx. 1400–1438, Margareta, 1486–1508, Clara, 1508–1525, Scholastica, 1525–1537.

Hans Werner I. was a member of the knight's association for St. Jörgenschild in Hegau , Allgäu and Lake Constance and Vogt zu Hohentann near Kempten . His son Hans Jakob, who sat in Chur (1534), was presumably mayor of Chur. Hans Rudolf von Raitenau was prince abbot of the Kempten monastery from 1507 to 1523 . Hans Werner II. Was also Vogt of Hohentann, then also of Neuburg am Rhein , in 1530 he was enfeoffed with Hofen Castle by King Ferdinand I.

Hans Gaudenz von Raitenau received Hofen Castle as an Austrian fief in 1562 and had Hofen Castle built in Lochau on this site in 1584/85 . Hans Gaudenz was councilor and bailiff of Augsburg, bailiff of the lordships of Bregenz and Hohenegg, city governor of Bregenz, colonel over the Tyrolean regiment, imperial councilor and chief steward. Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau (1559–1617), who later became Archbishop of Salzburg (1587–1612), was probably born at Hofen Palace.

The son of Hans Gaudenz, Hans Werner V., was the governor of Bregenz and had the castle expanded. His older brother, Hans Werner III., Had the Hof zu Lochau a. a. m. received as a St. Gall fiefdom. By marrying Helena von Hohenems in 1558, he created the conditions for the social advancement of his family. The Hohenems were related by marriage to the Medici of Milan and had a pope in their family, namely Gian Angelo, who later became Pope Pius IV . With this financial backing, Hans Werner III. 1568 bought the Langenstein Castle with the village Orsingen from Hans Wilhelm von Knöringen . The old castle was extensively rebuilt so that only the old keep remained. Helena von Hohenems was in charge of the renovation, as her husband lived his life on diplomatic missions and in military service far away from the family. Hans Werner III. became Imperial Councilor and Colonel over ten Fähnlein German servants (1569), which Emperor Maximilian II established with the propriety, war experience and the loyal service of Hans Werner. This regiment consisted of 3 to 4,000 men with ten captains. In 1584 he took leave of imperial services and in 1589 received a gold chain as a gift from Archduke Ferdinand . After his eldest son was elected Prince Archbishop of Salzburg, Hans Werner was mostly in Salzburg and was present at the enthronement on October 19, 1587. In the fall of 1592 he went to war with his sons Jakob Hannibal and Hans Ullrich II against the Turks. His son Jakob Hannibal was in command of a regiment set up by the Archdiocese of Salzburg . In 1593, the now 68-year-old Hans Werner died in Szombor in Croatia ; his body was transferred to Salzburg and buried in the collegiate church of St. Peter .

Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau paid off the rest of the Langenstein estate; in 1594 he bought the village of Volkertshausen and in 1595 the castle and village of Eigeltingen . He let his brother Jakob Hannibal manage the property or later gave him these properties with the condition of a primogeniture . Jakob Hannibal first lived in Salzburg and did not move to Langenstein until 1600. Due to his lavish lifestyle, which he could not actually afford, he piled up a mountain of debt of 40 to 58 thousand guilders, which his successors then had to pay off. In addition to the rule of Langenstein, Jakob Hannibal acquired Hohenkrähen Castle with the villages of Duchtlingen and Schlatt unter Krähen, and for a short time also the village of Mauenheim. He had acquired Schlatt as a private property from Hans Ludwig von Bodmann. After his death († July 13, 1611) he was buried in the church of Orsingen.

Since he died without children, the inheritance went to his three brothers, Hans Ulrich II., Hans Werner IV. And Hans Rudolf. In 1615, Hans Rudolf was given the rule of Langenstein by his brothers, who as the Commander of the Order of St. John and the Commander of the Teutonic Order could not start families. As early as 1600 he was appointed Vicedom von Friesach by Prince Archbishop Wolf Dietrich , Wolf Dietrich also supported him in acquiring the Carinthian rule of Gmünd . As Hans Werner IV stayed in Langenstein very often, Hans Rudolf entrusted him with the management of the Swabian estates of the Raitenau family.

In 1632 the von Raitenau were raised to the rank of count by Emperor Ferdinand II . Hans Rudolf died at the age of 58 on May 3, 1633 and was buried in Gmünd. Hans Werner IV wanted to give up the administration of Langenstein as early as 1636, but had to take care of it until his death on January 25, 1647. He died in his house in Constance, the so-called Bündrichshof or Lanzenhof , and was buried in Orsingen. Wolf Dietrich II remained the only heir after the death of his uncles and brothers. In 1637 he wrote his will and a few months before his death he prepared to sell the Gmünd estate to Paris Lodron . Wolf Dietrich II died on June 6, 1639 in his Carinthian residence, Rosegg Castle ; he was buried in the parish church of Gmünd.

The last offspring in the male line was Rudolf Hannibal. He was not of legal age when his father died. He married Benigna Freiin von Herberstein on October 6, 1652 and lived at Rosegg Castle. On January 19, 1671, the Raitenau family finally went out with the death of Rudolf Hannibal Graf von Raitenau , who died in Langenstein and was buried in the parish church of Orsingen.

The inheritance went to Rudolf Hannibal's sister, Maria Anna Katharina von Raitenau, married to Freiherr Christoph von Welsperg and Primör. The eldest son from this connection took over the rule of Langenstein in 1677. The von Welsperg, who had been raised to the rank of count since 1693, were only sold to Grand Duke Ludwig von Baden in 1826 . From this the property came first to his son, Count Ludwig von Langenstein , and in 1872 to his nephew, Count Wilhelm Douglas . Members of this family, originally from Scotland, still own these former Raitenau estates today.

Famous family members

Master list of the Lords and Counts of Raitenau

NN

  1. Hans Werner I. † before 1525, ⚭ Gertrude von Stadion, ⚭ Elisabeth Rink von Baldenstein
    1. Hans Jakob, in Chur in 1534
    2. Johann Rudolf, 1507–1523 prince abbot of Kempten
    3. Hans Werner II. 1548 or 1549, ⚭ Margarethe von Sirgenstein
      1. Hans Ulrich I. † 1587, coadjutor (1560), prince abbot of Murbach and Lüders (1570–1587)
      2. Veronica
      3. Christine
      4. Anna
      5. Amalie
      6. Hans Gaudenz, founder of the Hofener line, † 1608, ⚭ Agnes Vogt von Castell and Wartenfels
        1. Hans Werner V., † 1636, ⚭ Veronika Speth von Zwiefalten
        2. Franz Andreas, * 1602, † 1658, ⚭ Dorothea Countess von Hohenems
      7. Hans Werner III., * Around 1525, † 1593, buys Langenstein Castle , ⚭ 1558 Helena von Hohenems, † 1586
      8. Wolf Dietrich , * 1559, † 1617, Archbishop of Salzburg (1587–1612), ⚭ in a presumably illegitimate marriage with Salome Alt (from 1600 von Altenau), * 1568, † 1633
        1. Hannibal, * 1593, † 1616
        2. Helena,
        3. Euphemia, † 1638 ⚭ ⚭ Max Richtersperger, counter writer to Wels
        4. Maria Salome, * 1595, † 1605, buried in Nonnberg Abbey with a portrait tombstone,
        5. Eusebia, † 1624
        6. Cäcilie, on June 3, 1620 ⚭ Georg Constantin Grundemann von Falkenberg , † 1662
          1. Georg Constantin,
          2. Adam Anton ⚭ Susanna Katharina Grüber von Grübegg,
          3. Franz Fortunat, Benedictine monk of Kremsmünster Abbey
          4. Johann Erasmus, † unmarried in imperial military service,
          5. Ferdinand Wilhelm, drowned in an arm of the Danube near Linz, 13 years old,
          6. Ferdinand Adam Rudolf, † as a child
        7. Anton,
        8. Wolf Dietrich,
        9. Viktor, † 1638 in Freihaus zu Wels, ⚭ on February 20, 1634 in Salzburg Cathedral with Katharina Götz, daughter of the Bavarian Chancellor of Burghausen, Dr. Johann Götz
        10. Johann Georg Eberhard, * 1605, † 1675 under the name Aegidius Benedictine monk in Kremsmünster Abbey ,
        11. Susanna
      9. Hans Jakob, * 1562, † 1587, Canon of Augsburg and Eichstätt
      10. Jakob Hannibal, * 1563, † 1611, ⚭ 1588 Kunigunde Gremlich von Jungingen, moved to Langenstein in 1600
        1. Maria Jakobea, † 1663, ⚭ 1611 Count Ernst Georg von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen , † 1625, ⚭ Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau II., Her cousin
          1. Maria Renata, from 2nd marriage, * 1612, ⚭ Hans Christoph von Schellenberg
          2. Polyxenia, canon of Buchenau, † 1635 in Überlingen
        2. Maria Helena, † 1626, ⚭ 1616 Kaspar Bernhard Freiherr and Count von Rechberg and Rothenlöwen zu Hohenrechberg and Illereichen
          1. eight children, including two nuns in the St. Katharinenthal monastery near Dießenhofen
        3. two daughters who died early
      11. Clara, † 1612, ⚭ 1584 Hans Wilhelm Freiherr von Schwendi (son of Lazarus von Schwendi )
      12. Hans Ulrich II., * 1567, † 1622, Commander of the Teutonic Order
      13. Anna Margareta, 1577, nun
      14. Hans Werner IV., * 1571, † Johanniterkomtur
      15. Cäcilie, † 1592, ⚭ 1587 Freiherr Kuen von Belasy zu Lichtenberg and Gartenau
      16. two sons named Marquart who died early
      17. Hans Lienhart, illegitimate, ennobled "von Raitenau" in 1627, † 1643
        1. Hans Wilhelm
          1. 1668 named four children
      18. Hans Jakob, + 1591, illegitimate, ennobled "von Raitenau" in 1627, clergyman
      19. Hans Rudolf, * 1575, † 1633, ⚭ 1599 Maria Sidonia Freiin von Welsperg, † 1646
        1. Wolf Dietrich II., * 1601, † 1639, ⚭ 1627 his cousin Maria Jakobea, widow of Count Georg Ernst von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, † 1625
          1. Maria Anna Katharina, * 1631, † 1658, ⚭ 1648 Freiherr Christoph von Welsperg, * 1625, † 1675
            1. 1671: their children, especially Guidobald von Welsperg, inherit the Langenstein estate
          2. Rudolf Hannibal, * 1632, † 1671, ⚭ 1652 Benigna Freiin von Herberstein , last male descendant of the Counts of Raitenau

literature

  • Franz Götz: The Raitenau family in the Lake Constance area and the Langenstein rule. In the Salzburg regional government cultural department (ed.), 4th Salzburg regional exhibition - Prince Archbishop Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau - founder of baroque Salzburg , pp. 12-25. Salzburg: 1987.
  • Alois Beck: The Raitenau family in the Welsberg inventories. In Salzburg state government, cultural department (ed.), 4th Salzburg state exhibition - Prince Archbishop Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau - founder of baroque Salzburg , pp. 26–31. Salzburg: 1987.

See also

Web links

Commons : Raitenau family  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Description of the Oberamt Tettnang / Chapter B 7
  2. ↑ master list based on Alois Beck, 1987, p 29-30.