Râmnicu Sărat

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Râmnicu Sărat
Coat of arms of Râmnicu Sărat
Râmnicu Sărat (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Great Wallachia
Circle : Buzau
Coordinates : 45 ° 23 '  N , 27 ° 3'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 23 '0 "  N , 27 ° 3' 0"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Height : 118  m
Area : 8.77  km²
Residents : 33,843 (October 20, 2011)
Population density : 3,859 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 125300
Telephone code : (+40) 02 38
License plate : BZ
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : Municipality
Mayor : Sorin-Valentin Cîrjan ( PSD )
Postal address : Str. Nicolae Bălcescu, no. 1
loc. Râmnicu Sărat, jud. Buzau, RO-125300
Website :
Railway station in Râmnicu Sărat

Râmnicu Sărat (German outdated: Rümnick , Rümniku Sarat , Rimnicul-Sarat ) is a city in the Romanian district of Buzău in the Wallachia region .

Geographical location

The city is located on a swampy plain east of the Carpathian Mountains and west of the grain-growing areas of southern Vltava . Salt and oil are extracted in the mountains and there is considerable trading activity in agricultural goods and primary food products.

Râmnicu Sărat is located on the European route 85 and on the Romanian main line Buzău – Mărăşeşti (CFR course book route 500).

population

In 1900 there were 13,134 residents, including about 1,500 Jews. By 2007 the population rose to around 39,500. In 2011, 33,843 people were registered, 28,164 identified themselves as Romanians , 2,797 as Roma , six as Turks , five as Magyars , three identified themselves as Germans and the rest were registered without ethnicity.

history

Râmnicu Sărat was the site of a battle between the principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia in 1434 and 1573, and between the Principality of Wallachia and the Ottoman Empire in 1634 . In 1789 an Austro-Russian army recaptured the city from the Turks. A city fire almost completely destroyed the city in 1854, but it was rebuilt.

In 1787, the first Wallachian ( Romanian ) language teaching for Germans appeared in Râmnicu Sărat .

During the First World War , the Battle of Rimnicul-Sarat took place here in December 1916 .

Attractions

Graphics, modern pictures and sculptures by the artists Caragea , Jalea and Medrea are exhibited in the city museum. It also contains ethnographic information, carpets and local costumes from Buda and Bisoca , ceramics, local flora and fauna and exotic butterflies.

memorial

The city is also home to the infamous prison of death . It was built at the end of the 19th century and existed until 1963. From 1938, when King Carol II established the royal dictatorship , it served as a political prison, including for Corneliu Zelea Codreanu , the leader of the Iron Guard . Even during the communist era, hundreds of opponents of the regime were imprisoned and died here, including the leader of the peasant party, Ion Michalache . Alexandru Visinescu, who headed the detention center from 1956 to 1963, was sentenced to 20 years in prison by Romania's Supreme Court in February 2016 for crimes against humanity. The process should also be brought to bear on other security personnel. An online tour of the prison was activated in July 2013. In the next few years, the conversion of the prison into a memorial for the victims of communism is planned.

Personalities

Râmnicu Sărat is the birthplace of the composer Smaranda Oțeanu-Bunea (* 1941) and the cartoonist Saul Steinberg (1914–1999). The politician Mihail Romniceanu (1891-1960) died in the prison of Râmnicu Sărat.

See also

Web links

Commons : Râmnicu Sărat  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
  2. ^ Reports of the Second Turkish War, 1787
  3. ↑ Knaur's World Atlas. Berlin, 1928, Map No. 19 Hungary and Romania
  4. ^ Regimental stories from the First World War
  5. ↑ Râmnicu Sarat . In: Encyclopædia Britannica . 11th edition. tape 22 : Poll - Reeves . London 1911, p. 877 (English, full text [ Wikisource ]).
  6. ^ Andreas Clemens: Wallachian language teaching for Germans. In addition to a small Wallachian-German and German-Wallachian dictionaries. Publishing house WH Thierry, Hermannstadt / Kronstadt 1823. S. III.
  7. ↑ Historical judgment in Romania: For the first time a communist torturer has to go to prison . Spiegel Online , February 10, 2016.
  8. ↑ Virtual tour of the prison.
  9. ↑ Romania wants to punish murders from the time of communism . Welt Online , September 3, 2013.