Robert Baerwald
Robert Baerwald (born December 2, 1858 in Salwin near Bromberg ; † November 11, 1896 in Wilmersdorf near Berlin ) was a German sculptor .
Life
As early as 1877, Baerwald exhibited a children's bust at the Berlin Academy Exhibition, but did not begin his studies at the Berlin Art Academy with Reinhold Begas until 1880 . After completing his studies, he went on a study trip in 1884, including to Paris, Antwerp, Brussels and Italy. He then lived freelance in Berlin. His first major order in 1886/1888 for the Kaiser Wilhelm monument in Posen made him a well-known monument creator. The statue of Kaiser Wilhelm I was executed with minor variations in a number of cities - sometimes with and sometimes without accompanying figures. In 1893, Baerwald was one of the German artists who received an award at the world exhibition in Chicago . His early death at the height of his creative power surprisingly ended a successful career.
Robert Baerwald was a brother-in-law of the sculptor Reinhold Felderhoff . Occasionally Baerwald's works are confused with those of his colleague and contemporary Hugo Berwald .
Services
Baerwald's main works are several Kaiser Wilhelm I. -Monuments that were created in large numbers after his death in 1888. In doing so, he could not detach himself from the artistic influence of his teacher Begas. The criticism of the art policy of the empire, which has almost consistently been derogatory and destructive since 1918, has led to the fact that artistic achievements like the Baerwalds are not appreciated.
Works
| 1877 | Child bust (at the Berlin academy exhibition) |
| 1887 | "Mourners" for the Loeblich grave in the Luisenstädtischer Friedhof in Berlin, preserved on site (the same marble figure also as a base figure on the Kaiser Wilhelm monument in Posen) |
| 1888 | Statue of Kaiser Wilhelm I in Greiz (first statue erected after the death of the Kaiser) |
| 1888 | Statue of Kaiser Wilhelm I with base figures "Joy of victory" and "Mourning" in Posen , 1919 broken off |
| 1889 | Provincial war memorial for the fallen in the Wars of Unification with a statue of Kaiser Wilhelm I in Posen , ceremoniously unveiled and inaugurated on September 22, 1889 |
| 1889 | Statue of Kaiser Wilhelm I in Lennep , not preserved |
| 1890 | Statue of Kaiser Wilhelm I in Schwelm , figure melted down in 1942/44, base removed after the end of the war |
| 1890 | Statue of Kaiser Wilhelm I in Ratzeburg , not preserved |
| 1891 | Statue of Kaiser Wilhelm I in Altenburg |
| 1891 | Statue of Kaiser Wilhelm I in Lippstadt |
| 1893 | Emperor Wilhelm I's equestrian monument with base figures “Brema” and “Neptune” in Bremen , base figures 1940 and equestrian statue 1942 melted down |
| 1894 | Statue of Kaiser Wilhelm I in Grünberg , broken off and melted down in 1917 |
| 1890 | Monument to Kaiser Wilhelm I in Pforzheim , not preserved |
| 1896 | Otto von Bismarck's statue in Bernburg (Saale) , 1944 melted down |
| 1896 | Statue of Kaiser Wilhelm I in Wilhelmshaven , solemnly unveiled as a private donation by Wilhelm von Oechelhäuser on the emperor's birthday, melted down in 1942, a bas-relief with the portrait of the emperor attached to the base in 1969, statue reconstructed by Raimund Kittl in the Düsseldorf art foundry in 1994 |
| 1896 | Bust of Friedrich Krüger , Hanseatic envoy from Lübeck |
| 1896 | Statue of Kaiser Wilhelm I with base reliefs in Memel , removed in 1923 and re-erected in 1938, dismantled and melted down in 1945 |
| before 1897 | Bust of Friedrich Krüger , the former Lübeck Minister- Resident in Copenhagen (marble version 1897 by Reinhold Felderhoff), in the Museum for Art and Cultural History Lübeck |
| 1897 | Statue of Kaiser Wilhelm I in Berlin-Tegel (cast by Gladenbeck, melted down in 1942/44) |
| 1898 | Statue of Kaiser Wilhelm I in Bretten (the only monument in Baerwald that has been preserved in its original state) |
| 1898 | Statue of Emperor Wilhelm I in the Moravian Colony in Niesky (whereabouts unclear) |
| 1899 | Otto von Bismarck statue on Bismarckplatz in Oels , Province of Silesia (only the base preserved) |
| 1904 | Otto von Bismarck statue on Sedanplatz in Schweidnitz (cast from Gladenbeck, not preserved) |
| no year | Kaiser Wilhelm I bust monument on the Ring in Trachenberg , Silesia (whereabouts unclear) |
literature
- Peter Bloch (Ed.): Ethos and Pathos. The Berlin School of Sculpture 1786–1914. (Accompanying volume to the exhibition of the sculpture gallery of the Staatliche Museen Preußischer Kulturbesitz from May 19 to July 29, 1990 in Hamburger Bahnhof) Gebr. Mann, Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-7861-1598-2 .
- Inge Kießhauer, Rolf Kießhauer: Bronzenes for Berlin. On the trail of monuments and sculptures from Gladenbeck's bronze foundries in Berlin and Friedrichshagen. (= Friedrichshagener Hefte , Nr. 38-40.) Antiquariat Brandel, Berlin-Friedrichshagen 2001. (here incorrect: 1. the attribution of the Bodenstedt monument in Wiesbaden and the Schliemann monument in Schwerin, both by Hugo Berwald ; 2. Imperial monument in Tegel wrongly dated 1877, correctly 1897)
- Sieglinde Seele: Lexicon of the Bismarck Monuments. Petersberg 2005, ISBN 3-86568-019-4 .
Web links
- undated image of the Bismarck statue in Oels in Silesia, melted down after 1945
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Baerwald, Robert |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Bärwald, Robert |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German sculptor |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 2, 1858 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Salwin near Bromberg |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 11, 1896 |
| Place of death | Berlin-Wilmersdorf |