Reinhold Felderhoff

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Reinhold Felderhoff around 1900. Photo by Wilhelm Fechner
Diana in the Kolonnadenhof on Museum Island Berlin
Johann II from 1900, Siegesallee
Johann II., Detail
Relief based on the Siegesallee statue, 1909, Berlin-Mariendorf

Reinhold Felderhoff (born February 25, 1865 in Elbing , West Prussia, † December 18, 1919 in Berlin ; full name: Reinhold Carl Thusmann Felderhoff ) was a German sculptor and medalist from the Berlin School of Sculpture .

Life

Education and career

Reinhold Felderhoff entered the Berlin Art Academy in 1880 and studied there until 1884 with Fritz Schaper, among others . From 1884 he studied as a master student in Reinhold Begas' studio . In 1885 he went to Rome for a year thanks to a scholarship and then continued his studies with Begas until 1888. As early as 1887 he was working as a freelance sculptor in Berlin. In the beginning he mainly made portraits and grave sculptures and also took part in sculpting competitions. The first state commission was for the Berlin armory , for which he modeled general busts. Another stay in Rome followed in 1890 and 1891. He then supported the work on the Berlin Kaiser Wilhelm National Monument , which his master Begas directed, and in 1897 received a medal for his participation.

In 1895, Felderhoff won the first Imperial Prize to complement the antiquities. He became a member of the Berlin Secession and in 1913 the Prussian Academy of the Arts, which appointed him professor in 1917.

Reinhold Felderhoff was buried in the south-west cemetery in Stahnsdorf .

From historicism to modernity

In 1893, Felderhoff's model for Albrecht the Bear , with which he took part in the competition for the Fischerbrücke monuments, attracted a lot of attention . Although Johannes Boese was awarded the contract at the express request of Kaiser Wilhelm II , the name he had given himself to the Kaiser promoted his later negotiation for an order for his monument boulevard, Siegesallee in Berlin's Tiergarten. The model also served him as a template for the figure of Brandenburg Margrave Johann II executed there between 1897 and 1900 .

In contrast to the master student August Kraus , for example, Felderhoff turned his back on the neo-baroque sculpture school and the decorative pathos of his master Begas relatively early and, with his simple, formally strict work, was considered by some contemporaries to be of moderate talent ( Adolf Rosenberg ). As the only one of the 27 Siegesallee sculptors, he renounced the historicizing style in favor of a large-scale, modern conception.

One of Felderhoff's best works is the bronze statue of Diana from 1898, which was shown at the Paris World Exhibition in 1900 and then found a place in the National Gallery in Berlin . The figure has been reproduced many times in various representations, replicas or casts.

plant

Margrave Johann II group for Siegesallee

Order without application

The Siegesallee commissions were in great demand in the Berlin sculpture school because of their pay and reputation ; in order to get an order, "most (sculptors) denied their artistic conviction (...)". Reinhold Felderhoff received his order without an application. His brother-in-law Robert Baerwald was awarded the contract for monument group 15 with Elector Friedrich I and died before work began. Thereupon Felderhoff negotiated with the emperor about the successor award. Ludwig Manzel received that, but Felderhoff got the order for the monument group 6 with Margrave Johann II. , To whom the historical commission of the Siegesallee under the direction of Reinhold Koser the two minor characters Count Günther I. von Lindow-Ruppin as well as the Berlin long-distance trader and councilor Konrad Belitz assigned. The overall artistic direction of the memorial avenue lay with Felderhoff's teacher Reinhold Begas.

execution

When designing the margrave (co-regent), Felderhoff had a completely free hand. There were no original images and the only figurative feature from the Märkische Fürstenchronik , which characterized the Ascanian as small in stature, capable and strong, he could not implement because of the prescribed uniform height of the statues. The compulsion to individualization imposed by historicism caused some bizarre blossoms among the sculptors. The more modern August Kraus modeled one of his secondary characters after Heinrich Zille and Walter Schott is said to have immortalized his own physiognomy in the first Brandenburg margrave, Albrecht the Bear .

Felderhoff was the only sculptor to refrain from customizing the statue. He created a typical warrior figure, calmly and seriously looking to the ground, "who anticipates the type of memorial." Since Johann II as co-regent was not in the focus of interest, the conservative critics overlooked the work that had failed in the sense of historicism, but many progressive art critics also overlooked their quality. It is astonishing that Kaiser Wilhelm II accepted the modern conception of the figure. After examining the model, he had ordered changes, but obviously did not question the overall concept; which changes were ordered is unknown.

The figure, which shows the margrave supported on a large shield with the coat of arms of the House of Ballenstedt , has a further depiction element in the slight inclination of the head that only a few Siegesallee colleagues apart from Felderhoff used. The inclination enabled the upward-looking viewer to see the face without foreshortening.

Stralau fishermen

One of the last larger works by Reinhold Felderhoff was the "Stralauer Fischer" from 1916 for the new Treptow Town Hall (Neue Krugallee / Bulgarische Strasse) in Berlin. The two-meter-high sculpture made of marble on a 1.50-meter-high pedestal of granite stands in the fountain, the Felderhoff had designed as a rectangular basin since 1925th The athletic fisherman modeled as a nude figure, bent slightly forward, powerfully pulls up a net. The fishing fountain is now a listed building . The historical background of the figure is the Stralau fishermen and their famous “ Stralau fish haul ”, which has taken place every year since 1574 from August 24th, Bartholomew's Day.

Other works (selection)

Berlin

  • 1890–1901: Felderhoff supported Reinhold Begas with the artistic design of the Kaiser Wilhelm National Monument at the Schloss Freiheit. The memorial survived both world wars without major damage, but was then demolished in 1949/1950 together with the city ​​palace on the orders of the President of the GDR State Council , Walter Ulbricht .
  • 1892: Bust of Isaak August Dorner for the Berlin University
  • 1893: Niobid group (relief on the national monument?)
  • 1898/1899: Seated portrait of Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen on the Potsdamer Bridge (melted down after 1945)
  • 1895: Vanity , allegorical statue for the cloakroom of the Reichstag building
  • 1895: Evangelist Markus , statue for the Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church
  • 1898/1910: Diana (statuette, bronze statue and replicas)
    • First shown as a statuette at the Great Berlin Art Exhibition in 1898. The Nationalgalerie Berlin bought a version of the statuette and showed it at the Paris World Exhibition in 1900 . This version was stolen on June 26, 1922 and has been considered lost ever since.
    • Still image 1910: Life-size statue, cast by the H. Noack foundry in Berlin-Friedenau ; Acquisition by the Nationalgalerie (inventory number BI 300)
    • 1917 slightly reduced replica of the statue in marble, exhibited in the National Gallery from 1918 to 1928; The object was damaged during a transport, later bought by the city of Brandenburg an der Havel and placed in the theater park.
    • undated further bronze casting, also from the Noack foundry; Installed in 1927 in the “Small Pleasure Garden” in Felderhoff's native Elbing; Under unexplained circumstances, the property came into the possession of the Reichsjägermeister Hermann Göring , who had it installed on his Carinhall property . After the Second World War it was initially in the Spandau Citadel , and since 1963 in the Wröhmännerpark on Neuendorfer Strasse in Berlin-Spandau .
  • 1900: Monument group 6 with the statue of Margrave Johann II of Brandenburg and the assistant busts of Count Günther I von Lindow-Ruppin and the Berlin councilor Konrad Belitz in Siegesallee (see text above)
  • 1901: Bust of privy councilor FG Gaus for the agricultural college
  • 1904: two large stone benches with hunting motifs for the Hubertus
    fountain in the zoo (destroyed) The fountain by Cuno von Uechtritz-Steinkirch was the focus of the big star , surrounded by four bronze hunting groups by Fritz Schaper , Wilhelm Haverkamp , Karl Begas and Max Baumbach . Three of the hunting groups have been preserved elsewhere; the well was abandoned in 1938, the Victory Column to this spot translocate to.
  • 1910: Mother with child, marble, height 217 cm, family property until 2019, Kleinmachnow, now owned by the Kleinmachnow community as the Konrad Gérard heirs foundation
  • 1911: Mother with child , bronze, height 215 cm, since 1976 in the Brosepark in Berlin-Niederschönhausen
  • 1916: Stralauer Fischer (Fischerbrunnen) , marble, today on the corner of Neue Krugallee 4 / Bulgarische Straße (see above in the section Stralauer Fischer )

Other cities

literature

  • Peter Bloch, Sibylle Einholz , Jutta von Simson (eds.): Ethos and Pathos. The Berlin School of Sculpture 1786–1914. (Catalog) Berlin 1990.
  • Kurt Hoffmann: A Brahms Memorial for Hamburg? On the history of Reinhold Felderhoff's model. In: Martin Meyer (Ed.): Brahms Studies , Volume 13. Brahms Society, Tutzing 2002.
  • Uta Lehnert: The Kaiser and the Siegesallee. Réclame Royale. Reimer, Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-496-01189-0 .

Web links

Commons : Reinhold Felderhoff  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ According to Uta Lehnert, the registration card in the Gdańsk State Archives shows February 25, 1865 as the date of birth, and not January 25, as otherwise stated. See Uta Lehnert: Der Kaiser und die… , pp. 370, 393 note 9; see also mail from the Felderhoff grandson on the disk side
  2. ↑ Prof. Reinhold Karl Felderhoff. Artist. German Society for Medal Art, accessed on November 7, 2015 .
  3. ↑ Reinhold Felderhoff, winner of the Great State Prize 1885
  4. ↑ Uta Lehnert: The Kaiser and the… , p. 370 f.
  5. ↑ Uta Lehnert: The Kaiser and the ... , p. 76.
  6. ↑ Uta Lehnert: The Kaiser and the ... , p. 224.
  7. ↑ Fischerbrunnen cultural monument from 1916
  8. ↑ Illustration on www.aefl.de
  9. ↑ Barbara Leisner, Heiko KL Schulze, Ellen Thormann: The Hamburg main cemetery Ohlsdorf. History and tombs , Verlag Hans Christians, Hamburg 1990, p. 65, cat. 382
  10. ↑ Marble sculpture Anselm Feuerbach , on Digitales Art and Culture Archive Düsseldorf (d: kult)
personal data
SURNAME Felderhoff, Reinhold
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Felderhoff, Reinhold Carl Thusmann (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German sculptor and medalist from the Berlin School of Sculpture
DATE OF BIRTH February 25, 1865
PLACE OF BIRTH Elbing , West Prussia
DATE OF DEATH December 18, 1919
Place of death Berlin