Round-leaved lilac

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Round-leaved lilac
Inflorescence and leaves

Inflorescence and leaves

Systematics
Asterids
Euasterids I
Order : Mint family (Lamiales)
Family : Olive family (Oleaceae)
Genre : Lilac ( syringa )
Type : Round-leaved lilac
Scientific name
Syringa oblata
Lindl.

The Round-leaved lilacs ( Syringa oblata ) is a large shrub or small tree with purple flowers from the family of Olive Family (Oleaceae). The natural range is in the north of China and in Korea. There are two subspecies. The species is sometimes used as an ornamental shrub.

description

The round-leaved lilac is up to 5 meters high, broadly upright to spreading shrub or tree with thick, bare to downy-haired branches. Terminal buds are missing. The leaves have a 1 to 3 centimeter long stem. The leaf blade is simple, coarse, 2.5 to 10 seldom up to 14 centimeters long and 2.5 to 8 seldom up to 15 centimeters wide, ovate, ovate-rounded or kidney-shaped, with suddenly pointed to long pointed tip and more or less heart-shaped, truncated or broadly wedge-shaped base. Both sides are shiny green, glabrous, hairy or shaggy and bald. The autumn color is strikingly wine red.

The flowers grow in 4 to 16 seldom to 20 centimeters long and 3 to 8 seldom to 10 centimeters in diameter, upright and finely haired, dense or loose panicles . The flower stalks are 0 to 3 millimeters long, hairless or hairy. The calyx is 2 to 3 millimeters long. The corolla is purple, lavender, or sometimes white. The corolla tube is 0.6 to 1.7, rarely to 2.2 inches long and more or less cylindrical. The corolla lobes are 4 to 8, rarely 10 millimeters long, ovate-rounded, oblong or obovate-rounded and spread out. The anthers are yellow and lie between the middle of the corolla tube to just below the throat.

The fruits are 0.7 to 1.5, rarely 2 centimeters long, obovate-elliptical, ovoid or oblong-lanceolate, smooth capsules .

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 46.

distribution

The natural range is in China in the provinces of Gansu , Hebei , Henan , Jilin , Liaoning , Ningxia , Qinghai , Shaanxi , Shandong , Shanxi , Sichuan and Inner Mongolia and on the Korean peninsula . The round-leaved lilac grows in forests, thickets, valleys, along rivers and on gravelly hills at altitudes of 100 to 2600 meters on moderately dry to fresh, slightly acidic to strongly alkaline, sandy, gravelly or loamy, nutrient-rich soils in sunny locations. The species loves warmth and is usually frost hardy .

Systematics

The Rundblättrige Lilac ( Syringa oblata ) is a kind of the genus of Lilac ( Syringa ) in the family of Oleaceae (Oleaceae). There she is assigned to the tribe Oleeae. The species was first scientifically described by John Lindley in 1859 . The genus name Syringa was chosen by Linnaeus in 1753, previously from around the 16th century the name was used both for the common lilac ( Syringa vulgaris ) and for the European pipe bush ( Philadelphus coronarius ). It can probably be derived from the Greek " syrinx ", a wind instrument that can be made from the branches of the pipe bush. The specific epithet oblata comes from Latin and means "broadly round". It thus refers to the shape of the leaves.

There are two subspecies:

  • Syringa oblata subsp. dilatata (Nakai) PS Green & MC Chang forms 1 to 3 meter high, richly branched shrubs. The leaf blade is 3 to 10 centimeters long and 2.5 to 8 centimeters wide, ovate to ovoid-rounded, with a short to long pointed end and a truncated to broadly wedge-shaped or rarely more or less heart-shaped base. The panicles are loose, 5 to 10 inches long and about 8 inches wide. The calyx is 2 millimeters long, the corolla lilac, reddish lilac or purple lilac, sometimes white. The corolla tube is 1 to 1.7, rarely to 2.2 inches long, the corolla lobes are oblong-elliptical and 5 to 8, rarely up to 10 millimeters long. The anthers are about in the middle of the corolla tube. The fruits are 7 to 12, rarely 15 millimeters long. The subspecies blooms from May to June, the fruits ripen in September. The distribution area is on gravelly hills at altitudes of 100 to 700 meters in the Chinese provinces of Jilin and Liaoning and in Korea. Plants with more purple flowers and plants with white flowers are assigned to different shapes (f. Oblata and f. Alba ). The taxon was originally described by Nakai Takenoshin as a separate species Syringa dilatata ( synonym ), before it was assigned as a subspecies Syringa oblata by Peter Shaw Green and Mei Chen Chang in 1995 .
  • Syringa oblata subsp. oblata forms shrubs or small trees up to 5 meters high. The leaf blade is 2.5 to 10, rarely 14 centimeters long and 2.5 to 8, rarely up to 15 centimeters wide, ovoid-rounded to kidney-shaped, with suddenly pointed to pointed end and truncated to mostly more or less heart-shaped base. The panicles are dense or loose, 4 to 16 seldom up to 20 centimeters long and 3 to 7 seldom 10 centimeters wide. The calyx is about 3 millimeters long, the corolla purple or sometimes white. The corolla tube is 0.6 to 1.4 centimeters long, the corolla lobes are ovate-elliptical to obovate-elliptical and 4 to 6 millimeters long. The anthers are 0 to 4 millimeters below the corolla tube opening. The fruits are 10 to 15, rarely 20 millimeters long. The subspecies blooms from April to May, the fruits ripen from June to October. The distribution area is in forests, thickets, valleys and along rivers at an altitude of 300 to 2600 meters in the Chinese provinces of Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi and in the northwest of Sichuan. Some authors still distinguish the variety var. Giraldii with more pointed leaves, purple-lilac flowers with purple-violet calyx in slender, 10 to 15 centimeters long, looser panicles.

use

The round-leaved lilac is used as an ornamental shrub because of its decorative and fragrant flowers . White-flowered representatives of the subspecies oblata are also listed as the cultivar 'alba'.

proof

literature

  • Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Volume 15: Myrsinaceae through Loganiaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 1996, ISBN 0-915279-37-1 , pp. 285 (English).
  • Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 641.
  • Jost Fitschen: Woody flora . 12th, revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2007, ISBN 3-494-01422-1 , p. 829 .
  • Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ German name according to Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 641 and after Fitschen: Gehölzflora , p. 829
  2. ↑ a b c d e Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 641
  3. ↑ a b c d Mei-chen Chang, Lien-ching Chiu, Zhi Wei, Peter S. Green: Syringa oblata , in the Flora of China , Volume 15, p. 285
  4. ^ Syringa oblata at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  5. ↑ a b c Syringa oblata. In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed June 23, 2012 .
  6. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 625
  7. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 427
  8. ↑ Mei-chen Chang, Lien-ching Chiu, Zhi Wei, Peter S. Green: Syringa oblata subsp. dilatata , in the Flora of China , Volume 15, p. 285
  9. ↑ a b Mei-chen Chang, Lien-ching Chiu, Zhi Wei, Peter S. Green: Syringa oblata subsp. oblata , in the Flora of China , Volume 15, p. 285
  10. ↑ Fitschen: Gehölzflora , p. 829

Web links

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