Samuel Rachel

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Samuel Rachelius

Samuel Rachel (also: Rachelius; * April 6, 1628 in Lunden ; † December 13, 1691 in Friedrichstadt ) was a German legal scholar, librarian and diplomat.

Life

Samuel Rachel was the son of the preacher in Lunden Moritz Rachel (* 1594, † January 5, 1637) and his wife Magarethe Tetens. He attended the Latin school in Husum in 1635 and the scholars' school in Bordesholm in 1637 . Here he experienced the time of the Thirty Years' War and had to continue his training briefly at the Johanneum in Hamburg . Back to Bordesholm, where he finished his high school education. In June 1648 he moved to the University of Rostock , where he initially wanted to pursue a theological course. However, he later decided to study law. In 1651 he continued his studies at the University of Leipzig and the University of Jena .

After completing his studies, he initially earned his living as a tutor, then was a teacher in Bordesholm and a year later again a tutor in Halberstadt . He accompanied his pupils to the University of Helmstedt , where he met Hermann Conring and Georg Calixt, among others . In 1658 he got a position as professor of ethics in Helmstedt. When the University of Kiel was founded , Christian Albrecht von Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf appointed him Professor of Nature and International Law at the Faculty of Law and also as the librarian of the Kiel University Library . On January 22, 1666 he received his doctorate in law. 1668 in the second legal professorship and from 1677 took on diplomatic tasks of his employer.

In 1680 he gave up his professorship in Kiel and from then on lived as a statesman. It was used widely for various diplomatic tasks. For example, in 1678 he was in Nijmegen and in 1680 he was appointed stable man of Eiderstedt. In 1684 he had to give way to the Staller appointed by the King, and in the meantime took on legation trips to Dresden, Regensburg, Nuremberg etc. After the Altona settlement , he was able to take up his post as Staller again in 1689, in which he remained until his death.

family

His first marriage was on October 2, 1660 with Catharina Ursula (born January 13, 1627 in Sierße; † August 25, 1667 in Kiel; established August 30 in the Nikolaikirche Kiel), the daughter of the bailiff in Poppenburg and Lauenau Johannes Rothschröder and his wife Anna Catharina, daughter of the chamberlain in Wolfenbüttel and bailiff in Lichtenberge Henrich Brödersen and Juliana Hasenfuß, married. There are three sons and one daughter from this marriage.

Act

As a professor he was often active as a writer. In addition to a series of academic disputations, he has published various textbooks. Due to the disputes between his employer Christian Albrecht of Schleswig Holstein-Gottorf and King Christian V of Denmark and Norway , he wrote several state papers. As a supporter of the legal view of Hugo Grotius , he was an opponent of Samuel von Pufendorf and is considered one of the first co-creators of the teaching of natural and international law .

Fonts

  • De offciis: libri tres. 1668 ( Google books ).
  • Aristiotelis Ethieorum ad Nicomachum libri decem cum Dionysii Lambini versione latina, accesserunt huic editioni loca parallela ex Magnis moralibus, Eudemiis, Politicis, Rhetoricisque libris Praemissa est in universam Aristotelis philosophiam moralem introductio. Helmstedt 1660 ( Google books ), 1672.
  • Tractatus de duellis. 1670 ( Google books ).
  • Introductio ad jus publicum Germanicum. Amsterdam 1680 ( Google books ) and 1685.
  • Institutionum jurisprudentiae libri IV. Kiel 1681.
  • De jure naturae et gentium. Kiel 1676, Washington 1916.
  • De principio aclionum moralium liber in septem disputationes publieas. Helmstedt 1664.
  • MT Cicero: De ofliciis libri tres et in illos Samuclis Rachclii JUD (…) Commentarius. Frankfurt am Main and Kiel 1668, Amsterdam 1686.
  • In detail, in theology and those on the right, well-founded concerns about two main questions: 1. Whether the violent occupation d. Hertz. Schlew︣ig… d. 30. May a. 1684 jure belli or otherwise could justified u. be asserted? 2. What about the Eydes achievement ... 1685 ( Google books ),
  • Ciceronis de officiis cum comm. philosophico-juridico. Helmstedt 1661, 1668, 1686.
  • True report of what happened between their royal Majesty zu Dennemark and the co-ruling Duke zu Gottorf high princely permeability a. Occurred in 1675 to Rendsburg and follow up. 1677.
  • Apologia causae et scriptorum Gottorfiensium. 1679.

literature

  • Ratjen: Samuel Rachel, professor in Kiel, autobiography of the same. In ALJ Michelsen, J. Assmussen: Archive for State and Church History of the Duchies of Schleswig, Holstein, Lauenburg and the neighboring countries and cities. Volume 1. Hammerich, Altona 1833, p. 335 ( Google books ).
  • Victor Philipp Gumposch: The philosophical literature of the Germans from 1400 to our day. Manz, Regensburg 1851, p. 53 ( Google books ).
  • Writings from the University of Kiel from 1856. Volume 3. Mohr, Kiel 1857, p. 7 ( Google books ).
  • Carsten Erich Carstens:  Rachel, Samuel . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 27, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1888, p. 104 f.
  • Hans-Jürgen Derda: Rachel, Samuel. In: Horst-Rüdiger Jarck , Dieter Lent et al. (Ed.): Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon - 8th to 18th century . Appelhans Verlag, Braunschweig 2006, ISBN 3-937664-46-7 , p. 572 .
  • Horst Dreitzel: From Melanchthon to Pufendorf. Experiment on types and development of philosophical ethics in Protestant Germany between the Reformation and the Enlightenment. In: Martin Mulsow: Late Renaissance Philosophy in Germany 1570–1650: Drafts between humanism and denominationalization, occult traditions and school metaphysics. Niemeyer, Tübingen 2009, ISBN 978-3-484-36624-4 ( reading sample, Google books ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Registration of Samuel Rachel in the Rostock matriculation portal
  2. ^ Karl Weinhold: History of the Kiel University Library. Mohr, Kiel 1862 ( Google books )
  3. ^ Fritz Roth : Complete evaluations of funeral sermons for genealogical and cultural-historical purposes. Volume 10. Self-published, Boppard / Rhein 1980, p. 540, R 9977.
personal data
SURNAME Rachel, Samuel
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Samuel Rachelius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German legal scholar, librarian and diplomat
DATE OF BIRTH April 6, 1628
PLACE OF BIRTH Lunden
DATE OF DEATH December 13, 1691
Place of death Friedrichstadt