Amorbach clamp

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Coat of arms images
Coat of arms of the Schelle von Amorbach.svg
Family coat of arms of the Schelle von Amorbach
Coat of arms of the Amorbach bell (2) .svg
Alternative coat of arms with bells


Village well in Wald-Amorbach with the coat of arms of the Amorbach bell
Further coats of arms (left: Baur 1851; right: according to Aschaffenburg coat of arms book )

The Schelle von Amorbach , also Lords of Amorbach , were a noble family and fiefs of the Fulda Monastery , who owned fiefs and land in the Odenwald , along the Main and in the Spessart until they died out in the 16th century . Their headquarters were in Wald-Amorbach , in what is now Hesse .

history

In 1286 a Breuberger Burgmann "Knight Boppo von Amerbach" was mentioned for the first time.

The family provided Burgmannen at the nearby Breuberg Castle and later also for the Hanau-Lichtenberg House on the Clingenburg (1481). The bells were divided into another line of the bells of Umstadt at the latest in 1379 (definitely documented) , some of which married each other, had their seat in the Freihof in today's Klein-Umstadt , were castle men in Babenhausen and Erbach and there were castle feuds , as well as a man feud in Michelstadt owned. This line dies out again around 1500.

The Schelle von Amorbach had particular jurisdiction in Wald-Amorbach and goods in the village, which they lost in the 15th century. They were inherited by the von Freund , who in 1598 were able to fill the Amorbacher Hubgericht with six lay judges, which from 1611 they had to share a quarter each with the Electoral Palatinate and Hesse-Darmstadt , until both houses gradually gained full rights. In 1802 the part of the Electoral Palatinate went to Hesse. Other goods later went to the Gans von Otzberg and after 1693 to the Privy Councilor and Chamber President Franz von Sickingen , who should not be confused with the knight Franz von Sickingen .

Surnames

1303 the Johanniterkommende Mosbach (from Mosbach in the Bachgau ) for Gottfried de Amerbach , Henricus (Heinrich) Schelle von Amerbach and his brother Ruckerus are named Schelle in feudal deeds , as well as Rude von Amorbach (presumably the same for Ruckerus) in an Erbach document . Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner created a family tree from documents before 1850 , but it is not entirely complete. Sometimes there is an overlap with the Umstadt bell and some documents could belong to a lower nobility dynasty of Amorbach , who were owed to the Amorbach monastery and the Erbach family. In 1329 a Rukerus called Schelle, Götz von Wüstenammerbach and his sons Diether and Peter, called Wambolde are mentioned, the latter owned two farms in Wald-Amorbach in 1381. In 1409 the Bavarian Count Palatinate enfeoffed Peter Schelle von Amerbach with an earlier Fulda fief in Amorbach. Diether Schelle von Amorbach, married to Walpurge von Reinstein , can be seen in Erbach's documents in 1474, when he was a widower in a dispute with the Höchst monastery over the small tithe and other goods in Wüst-Amorbach, which was what today's Wald-Amorbach was then called. Diether loses, although he shows a letter of fief. Diether's son, Christoph (Christoffell) Schelle von Amerbach , is mentioned in 1485 (a castle fief, a house and a riding court in Klingenberg am Main , enfeoffed by Philip II of Hanau-Lichtenberg ) and in 1502 and was last bailiff in Klingenberg. Velten Schell von Amorbach is documented in 1524 as the last of his name, with the statement that the Electoral Palatinate no more authority than what he had there, namely to forbid and command the same property . The family died out in the 16th century.

It is noteworthy that a saying about the sex was preserved in the village until the 19th century: "The poor gentlemen from Amorbach lived outside Amorbach." Which indicates that this lower aristocratic family never achieved greater wealth.

Ancestral castle

From the ancestral castle of the Schelle von Amorbach, the castle Waldamorbach is nowhere to be seen, the last remains, as well as two ponds of the castle moat were removed in 1846. The castle probably stood west of Wald-Amorbach in the Steinmauerfeld corridor . However, the architectural form of this seat of the lower nobility remains completely unclear. Remnants of the wall of unknown origin were still in the corridors "Steinmauerfeld" and "Geldloch" in the 19th century. When it was demolished in 1846, however, a helmet and armor are said to have been found. There is nothing to be seen there today. Archaeological investigations have not been carried out so far. The castle was more like a fortified house secured with a moat , a possible tower hill is no longer visible or detectable today. Two other aristocratic residences are mentioned for the location, their location and allocation is unclear. Only the Gayling of Altheim and Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg are known as temporary owners.

The neighboring Dorndiel Castle belonging to the Schelle von Amorbach is no longer preserved.

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the Schelle von Amorbach shows: In blue three (2: 1) right fists, on the helmet with a blue-silver cover two blue (buffalo) horns. The fists should indicate the activity of clearing forests to establish a settlement.

Alternatively, a different coat of arms is sometimes used: in blue three (2: 1) erect silver clappers, on the helmet with blue-silver covers a blue flight, on both sides covered with three (2: 1) erect silver clappers . The clappers are talking . Bells are called "Schelle (n)" in the local dialect.

Others

About the Lords of Amorbach there was the legend of the Geldloch (still a field name in the area around Wald-Amorbach), in which a hiker walked around the last Amorbach gentleman, who had bypassed the subjects for 200 years because of oppression , to redeem Place to find the Amorbach treasure in the last vault of the castle in the money hole as a reward.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Coat of arms of the Schelle von Amorbach, left picture: from Ludwig Baur: Archive for Hessian History and Archeology, Volume 6, Darmstadt 1851, p. 66; Right illustration: based on the Aschaffenburg coat of arms book
  2. ^ Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner: D) Schelle von Umstadt , in: III. Contributions to the history of extinct noble families , in: Ludwig Baur (Ed.): Archives for Hessian History , Sixth Volume, Issue 1 (1849), Darmstadt 1851, pp. 75–82
  3. ^ Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner: D) Schelle von Umstadt , in: III. Contributions to the history of extinct noble families , in: Ludwig Baur (Ed.): Archives for Hessian History , Sixth Volume, Issue 1 (1849), Darmstadt 1851, p. 76
  4. ↑ Manfred Schopp: Small Umstadt in the story 1305-2005 . (Ed.) Magistrate of the City of Groß-Umstadt, Groß-Umstadt 2005
  5. ^ Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner: C) Schelle von Amorbach , p. 69
  6. ^ Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner: C) Schelle von Amorbach , p. 72
  7. ^ Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner: C) Schelle von Amorbach , pp. 69-75
  8. ↑ Gustav Simon : The history of the dynasts and counts of Erbach and their country , Frankfurt am Main 1858, p. 304
  9. ↑ Wald-Amorbach, Odenwaldkreis. Historical local dictionary for Hesse (as of May 19, 2017). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on November 29, 2017 .
  10. ↑ a b Wüstamorbach - a place in the Electoral Palatinate in the Breuberger Land , Breuberg city archive: Breuberg history and stories; Retrieved November 29, 2017
  11. ^ A b Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner: The desertions in the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg , p. 202
  12. ^ Entry by Thomas Steinmetz on Wald-Amorbach in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute, accessed on November 29, 2017 (German).
  13. ^ Abbey St. Peter and Alexander, cloister: Albert Geipel von Schöllkrippen , from gallery: Photos of beautiful old coats of arms No. 386 - Aschaffenburg (Lower Franconia region) , private website of the heraldist Bernhard Peter; Retrieved November 29, 2017

literature

  • Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner: The devastation in the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg , Hofbuchhandlung Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1862, pp. 201-203
  • Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner: C) Schelle von Amorbach , in: III. Contributions to the history of extinct noble families , in: Ludwig Baur (Hrsg.): Archives for Hessian History , Sixth Volume, Issue 1 (1849), Darmstadt 1851. P. 66-75

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