Shipbuilding Society
The Shipbuilding Society (STG) is a registered association with its seat in Berlin and an office in Hamburg .
The company, founded in 1899, deals with technical and scientific questions on the subject of ship and marine technology. The non-profit association promotes this area and is aimed at those who work in and are interested in ship and marine technology and shipping.
tasks
The goals of the company are the promotion of ship and marine technology, information, advanced training and the exchange of experience in this area, the promotion of young technical talent and international and interdisciplinary cooperation in this area.
The technical committees, which deal with different sub-aspects, serve this purpose. These goals are also pursued through conferences and other events, ideas competitions and published publications on the topic. The company also works with training and further education institutions and organizations with similar objectives at home and abroad. It also supports the Veith Berghoff Foundation and cooperates with the Curt Bartsch Foundation and the Weinblum Foundation .
history
introduction
After the German Empire was founded in 1871, economic development in Germany accelerated. The larger handicraft businesses became manufactories and the increasing use of steam and water power led to mechanization and the emergence of small industrial companies. The division of labor enabled more economical production, trade grew quickly and demanded better transport options. Land transport was improved, the infrastructure (e.g. inland waterways , ports and railways) expanded and the number of seagoing ships increased.
New shipping companies were founded. Shipowners often ordered larger ships powered by steam engines abroad, mainly from British shipyards . The passenger and cargo ships became larger, the steam drive prevailed and the large sailing ships were displaced. Many handcrafted wooden shipyards had to close; some made the transition to iron and steel shipbuilding and the new methods and technologies led to the establishment of large new shipyards. Bismarck ensured a strengthening of German inland shipping and seagoing shipyards and initiated the expansion of the imperial fleet . All these developments led to new professions in craft and industry; This went hand in hand with an increasing specialization of engineers.
At the Royal Commercial Institute (Berlin, Klosterstrasse 36), classes in shipbuilding began in 1861. This institute emerged from the Royal Trade School founded in 1821, then became the Trade Academy and later, together with the Building Academy, led to the University of Charlottenburg, today's Technical University of Berlin .
Here the necessary foundations were created to implement methodical training for technically interested young people. The thorough theoretical and practical training was carried out very systematically and the result was particularly evident in the successes of the graduates in the shipyards and in the machine shops. The complex structure of the ship with the technological innovations of ships and shipbuilding required an intensive exchange between the engineers involved; in-house and also with the machine factories and shipping companies involved. The "Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland" founded in 1857 and the "Institution of Naval Architects" founded in England in 1860 offered the first opportunities for this exchange of experience and knowledge. The Association of German Engineers (VDI), founded in 1866, provided a better basis due to short distances and a common language, so it was only natural to found our own institution to deal with the peculiarities of shipbuilding and shipping.
Foundation of the Shipbuilding Society (STG)
Alfred Dietrich , chief designer of the Imperial Navy and Real Secret Admiralty Council , initiated the foundation (and died in 1898 before it was founded); the "Shipbuilding Society" was founded on May 23, 1899 in Berlin. Founding chairman was the secret government councilor Carl Busley , the founding capital was 72,000 marks and 432 gentlemen wanted to join the company to be founded. The composition of the board, three shipbuilders, three ship engine builders and two shipowners were elected to the board, was specifically justified in the founding minutes. Carl Busley became chairman, Kaiser Wilhelm II took over the patronage and Berlin became the seat of the company. The first general meeting took place in the auditorium of the Königlich Technische Hochschule zu Charlottenburg on December 5th and 6th, 1899. Almost half of the 676 members were present and the share capital had meanwhile doubled. In addition to business matters and the adoption of the statutes, five specialist presentations were given. It was decided that future general meetings in Berlin would always be held in the week of penance and prayer .
The STG already had 1,560 members in 1910 and grew to around 1950 people by 1914, which shows that the goals of the society were lived by the members. The rapid development in shipbuilding and shipping also contributed significantly to the rise of society; as well as the close connections with the Imperial Navy and the shipbuilding department of the Royal Technical University of Charlottenburg.
Activities in the STG
In the following years, in addition to business matters, five to eight specialist lectures were given to the company at the Annual General Meeting. The minutes of the meetings and the specialist lectures were printed in the yearbook, which is still published today. From 1905 onwards, particularly good lectures were awarded the silver or gold medal of the STG. In addition to the general assembly, summer conferences were also held, which were also often held abroad. On the occasion of the silver wedding in 1906, the STG gave the imperial couple a silver model of the Kurbrandenburg frigate "Friedrich Wilhelm on horseback", weighing 26 kg. It was made according to Busley's plans and is today (2016) in the Military History Museum of the Bundeswehr in Dresden.
By 1914, a total of 104 specialist lectures had been given, discussed and documented in the yearbooks with the contributions to the discussion.
Important work was documented in research notebooks and distributed to members. The organ of the STG was from 1920, the journal "shipyard, shipping company", which was published by the Member Foerster. It was later renamed "Werft, Reederei, Hafen".
Technical and scientific advisory board and specialist committees
From 1921 onwards, award tasks were also placed on the specialist members of the society. Also in 1921, a technical committee was set up with the tasks of “bringing about the most desirable lectures possible” and “guidelines for holding lectures”. In order to offer more lectures at the meetings due to new areas of work, the duration of the lectures has been reduced to a maximum of 45 minutes. They were subsequently increased to 10 to 16 lectures. The number of conference participants also increased, and in the 1930s the number of participants at the Annual General Meeting was between 800 and 1100 people. In 1936, 1937 and 1938 parallel events were even held in the auditorium and a lecture hall of the Technical University of Charlottenburg . The Veith Foundation was reactivated and the previous organ was replaced by the magazine “Schiffbau - Schiffahrt - Hafen”.
The technical development in ship technology led to further specializations and new areas of work. In addition to new findings on ship resistance, propulsion and welding technology, it is particularly electrical engineering, propulsion and auxiliary machines that can no longer be handled by the shipyards alone. The large shipyards, which even built the drive turbines and huge diesel engines under their roof, gradually withdrew to their core competencies. A stronger division of labor is developing, which leads to a special shipbuilding supply industry. This was also continued in the STG, stronger communication took place after the introduction of "speaking evenings" and six new specialist committees were founded such as:
- 1932: Ship stability, river shipbuilding and yachts
- 1933: Resistance and propulsion, stability and vibration research, marine engineering
- 1935: History of German shipbuilding
Today the STG has 18 specialist committees in which the technical and scientific work for the company is carried out.
STG in the time of National Socialism
In the Third Reich, many changes to the statutes were enforced in order to promote conformity; - In some cases, society also adapted itself in anticipatory obedience. The independence of the STG was reduced and the state, the armed forces and the NSDAP also increasingly came to the fore during the conferences. The patron Kaiser Wilhelm II could no longer protect the STG and in 1938 the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, General Admiral Raeder, took over the patronage. During the war, larger meetings were avoided; the 41st general meeting planned for November was held in spring 1941 as a shortened working meeting. In April 1942 they met in Hamburg and in 1943 only four lectures were given in Berlin at the last general meeting. Instead of the summer conferences, speech evenings were held in the coastal cities, a total of 16. The STG office at Neuenburger Strasse 8 in Berlin-Kreuzberg was completely destroyed by an air raid in the summer of 1944, all business documents, the library and archive were destroyed and the STG ceased operations .
New establishment in Berlin and Hamburg
Since the STG were banned from working after the end of the war, Professors Horn and Schnadel formed an emergency committee in Berlin. On February 2, 1950, five Berlin professors applied for the re-admission of the STG with the statutes from before 1933 to the Berlin magistrate. Horn received positive news on March 28, but the last chairman of the STG, Schnadel, decided to open the office in Hamburg after consulting numerous members. In 1950 the constituent meeting took place in the Curiohaus , for which around 450 members had registered.
A new board was elected and the magazine “ Schiff & Hafen ” became the new organ of the STG. During the 45th Annual General Meeting from 22. – 24. On November 23rd, the 50th anniversary of the STG on May 23, 1949 was also honored. The participants were welcomed by Hamburg's First Mayor, Max Brauer , in the Great Hall of the Hamburg City Hall . The new beginning was difficult, as in all other areas, shipbuilding was on the ground and the restrictions of the Allies hampered the construction of new modern ships. The conferences were held in Hamburg instead of in Berlin, opened in the Curiohaus and the following lectures were initially held in the rooms of the University of Hamburg , later in the music hall . The gala evenings took place in the Atlantic Hotel on the Alster.
In 1955 the number of technical committees had increased to 11 and in 1975 it will increase to 14. The surprisingly rapid development of the economy and industry was later referred to as the " German economic miracle ". In 1958 the " Scientific Advisory Board " was founded. This year a spring conference took place from March 6th to 7th on the occasion of the 80th birthday of the Latte in Berlin. The lecture events were held in the Technical University of Berlin and the gala evening organized by the Latte was celebrated in the large hall of the student house. From 1960 the general meetings took place again in Berlin, meanwhile the STG had 1820 personal and 325 cooperative members. The construction of the Wall in 1962 made the conditions of the STG more difficult, as the personal and cooperative members in the GDR had no opportunity to participate in the conferences and meetings. In 1970 the members residing in the GDR resigned and the last ties were broken for a long time. In 1989 the Berlin Wall fell and in 1991 a summer conference was held in Rostock.
75th and 100th anniversary of STG
In 1974 a commemorative publication was published on the 75th anniversary of the STG, documenting the technical history of shipbuilding and marine engineering and the effects on shipping during this period. This makes it clear that science has often rushed ahead of practice, as the materials available often do not meet the requirements. On the other hand, it is shown that scientific theories of complex processes were only deciphered later. Thus the experimental stations in shipbuilding have retained their original importance.
On May 25, 1999, the centenary was celebrated in Berlin with a festive event in the concert hall of the University of the Arts . The Governing Mayor of Berlin, Eberhard Diepgen , spoke as a representative of politics and Hans-Jürgen Evers, the President of the Technical University of Berlin, spoke to the conference participants as a representative of the technical sciences.
An elaborately designed exhibition with ship models, ship engines and many photos from this entire era was prepared by the STG technical committee for the “History of Shipbuilding”. It was presented in the Research Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Shipping (VWS) in the Tiergarten next to the TU Berlin, was open from May to July and was documented in a catalog.
Foundations
Veith Berghoff Foundation
The good financial situation enabled the establishment of a specialist library and the establishment of a scholarship fund of 200,000 marks. Students who received help from the Veith Foundation from 1917 onwards were supported by the interest . This foundation of initially 217,000 marks was set up by the naval building officer Rudolf Veith (1846–1917). Because on his 70th birthday, in view of his services from German shipbuilding and marine engineering companies, he received a total of 300,000 marks, which he invested in 5% Reich bonds and, with the approval of the Reich Naval Office, designated a "Veith Foundation". In 1917 he handed them over to the STG for administration in order to pay needy students of shipbuilding and ship mechanical engineering annual support. The assets on October 1, 1923 amounted to 340,000 marks and, due to inflation, corresponded to around 1,700 gold marks. In 1917, naval construction officer Otto Berghoff brought war bonds worth 50,000 paper marks into a Berghoff foundation , also to support students. In 1923 it was only 250 gold marks. As a result, the assets of the two foundations, like so many others of the time, were badly devalued. In 1933 it was merged with the foundation set up in 1918 by the naval construction officer Otto Berghoff. Subsequent donations to the Veith Berghoff Foundation were made later by four STG members:
- Cai Boie (1988)
- Tewes Wischmann (1996)
- Eckart Pless (1996)
- Reinhard Mau (2007)
The Veith Berghoff Foundation serves exclusively to promote the next generation of scientists in ship and marine technology and grants scholarships and grants for students of ship and marine technology at universities and technical colleges.
Curt Bartsch Foundation
The Curt Bartsch Foundation with legal capacity was established in 2003 as a non-profit foundation to promote science in the field of shipbuilding. Curt Bartsch (1896-1979) worked until the second World War as a naval architect at the Vulkan Werft in Hamburg, at the Lübeck Flender works , the Bremerhaven Joh.C.Tecklenborg shipyard , the Deutsche Werke Kiel and also to Dutch and Finnish shipyards.
In 1938 Curt Bartsch received the large badge of honor from Deutsche Werke Kiel
In 1950 he started again at the Lübeck Flender Works, and his early work included the construction of the first German motor cooling ships after the war. He later became the head of the calculation department, retired in 1964 and died in 1979
His children Gertrud and Curt-Wilhelm Bartsch founded the Curt Bartsch Foundation from his estate and support committed students of ship technology. Every year a young ship technician is awarded the Curt Bartsch Prize for outstanding performance. The award has been presented annually since 2010 by Gertrud Bartsch at the STG general meeting.
- Jan Oberhagemann, University of Duisburg-Essen, 2017 Curt Bartsch Prize winner
- Bjarne Gerlach, Technical University Hamburg-Harburg, Curt Bartsch Prize winner 2016
- Marco Klein, Technical University of Berlin, 2015 Curt Bartsch Prize winner
- Katja Wöckner-Kluwe, Flensburger Schiffbau-Gesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, Flensburg; Curt Bartsch Prize winner 2014
- Sascha Kosleck, Curt-Bartsch Prize winner 2013
- Sonja Zacke, Curt-Bartsch Prize winner 2013
- Lars Arne Wagner, winner of the Curt Bartsch Prize 2012
- Friedrich Wirz, MAN Diesel & Turbo SE, Augsburg, Bartsch Prize Winner 2011
- Florian Biehl, Bartsch Prize Winner 2010
Weinblum Foundation
The Georg Weinblum Foundation with legal capacity was founded in 1986 from the estate and in memory of the internationally highly regarded founder of the Institute for Shipbuilding at the University of Hamburg (today: Ship Technology Institute of the Technical University of Hamburg-Harburg) Georg Weinblum (1897–1974). The Weinblum Foundation organizes the Georg Weinblum Memorial Lecture annually in Hamburg or Berlin as well as in the USA. The lecture will be given by an internationally renowned hydrodynamics expert at the STG's general meeting .
The Weinblum Foundation awards and hands over the Georg Weinblum Prize for the best scientific work of a young ship technician created at a German university every year at the STG's general meeting.
Founding of German shipping companies and shipyards
Founding of German shipping companies from 1878 to 1910
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Founding of German shipyards from 1878 to 1910
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literature
→ For the main article, see the yearbook of the Shipbuilding Society
- STG: Yearbook of the Shipbuilding Society , various volumes and special volumes, Julius Springer Verlag Berlin
- Yearbook of the Shipbuilding Society . 1. Volume 1899, Springer, Berlin 1900
- Kurt Illies: Ship propulsion engines . In: 75 Years of the Shipbuilding Society 1899–1974 , Hamburg 1974
- Chronicle and Register - Information on the Shipbuilding Society and Register 1899–1996.
- Eike Lehmann: 100 Years of the Shipbuilding Society. Biographies on the history of shipbuilding . Springer, Berlin 1999
- Harald Keil, K.-H. Hochhaus (Hrsg.): 100 Years of Shipbuilding Society - Catalog for the exhibition “100 Years of Shipbuilding”, in the VWS / Technische Universität Berlin, 1999
- 100 Years of the Shipbuilding Society - Festive event from May 25th to 29th, 1999 . Yearbook special volume for the anniversary. Springer, Berlin 2001.
- Heil, A. Wangerin: Electric ship propulsion . In: Handbook of the shipyards 1958, Hamburg 1958
- P. Schroedter, G. Schroedter (eds.): 100 years of shipping, shipbuilding ports , Schiffahrts-Verlag Hansa, Hamburg 1964
Web links
- Website of the Shipbuilding Society
- From steamship to high-tech ship
- Early newspaper articles on the Shipbuilding Society in the 20th Century press kit of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://hochhaus-schiffsbetrieb.jimdo.com/studentensprechtag-an-der-fachhochschule-leer/
- ↑ https://www.stg-online.org/stg/stiftungen/veith-berghoff-stiftung.html
- ↑ https://www.stg-online.org/stg/stiftungen/curt-bartsch-stiftung.html
- ↑ https://www.stg-online.org/stg/stiftungen/weinblum-stiftung.html