Slender sedge

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Slender sedge
Slender sedge (Carex acuta)

Slender sedge ( Carex acuta )

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sourgrass family (Cyperaceae)
Genre : Sedges ( Carex )
Type : Slender sedge
Scientific name
Carex acuta
L.

The slim sedge ( Carex acuta ), also known as pointed sedge , is a species of the sedge ( Carex ) family within the sour grass family (Cyperaceae). It is one of the most common large sedge and often forms monotonous one-species stands on wet, not too nutrient-poor meadows ( large sedge reeds ).

description

Illustration from Flora Batava , Volume 13
Illustration from Billeder af nordens flora , 1917
Inflorescences
Fruit heads

Vegetative characteristics

The slim sedge is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 30 to 150 centimeters. It forms loose grass stands with many long underground runners ( rhizomes ). The limbs of the runners are covered with very long, dark lower leaves . Their limbs and internodes are rarely rooted. The main root mass, made up of many wiry, thick and thin, strongly matted roots, lies on the triangular stem axis . The diameter of the thickest roots in living plants is between 1.5 and 2 millimeters. The stem base is rounded, bulbous, light or dark brown with light nerve lines. The flower stalks stand upright. They are triangular at the top and very rough.

The leaf sheaths are sharp, triangular and very high. The anterior wall of the vagina is white-skinned and frayed, the upper edge is crooked and brownish. The obtuse ligule is also brownish in color. The sharply serrated margins of the gradually pointed and slackly overhanging leaf blades are turned back (creased leaf ). They are green or gray-green, very rough on top and do not have a triangular tip. The leaf blades are 5 to 10 millimeters wide and over 20 centimeters long.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from April to June. The lowest bract is leaf-like and longer than the inflorescence, which is over 20 centimeters long. The inflorescence is slightly overhanging and consists of two to four reddish-brown, slender male ears . Among them are two to four, sometimes up to eight blackish-green, stalked female ears. They are 3 to 15 inches long. The husks are keeled red to black brown and green. The 2 to 3 millimeters long and 1.5 to 2 millimeters wide fruit sacs are yellow-green to brown and arched on both sides with a short, not split beak. The ovary is two-colored. The fruit is brown.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 74 or 84.

Occurrence

The slender sedge is common in almost all of Europe , North Africa , West and North Asia to Mongolia and western Iran . It also occurs in the Azores . In the Allgäu Alps, it rises at Kalbelesee on the Hochtannbergpass in Vorarlberg to an altitude of 1660 meters.

It grows on the banks of water, in ditches and wet meadows and troughs. It thrives best on drained or alternately wet, nutrient-rich and alkaline-rich, moderately acidic, more or less boggy sand , loam and clay soils . The slender sedge is the characteristic of the slender sedge (Caricetum gracilis Tx. 1937) and usually grows in contact or penetration with wet meadow communities (Calthion) or communities of hardwood meadows (Alno-Ulmion).

Systematics

Carex acuta was first published in 1753 by Carl von Linné . Synonyms for Carex acuta L. are: Carex gracilis Curtis , Carex ambigua Moench , Carex moenchiana Wender. nom. superfl., Carex recurva Willd. ex Kunth nom. illeg., Carex riparia Moench ex Steud. nom. inval., Carex virens Thuill. nom. illeg., Carex virginiana Wood , Carex pratensis Hosé , Carex strictifolia Rchb. , Carex touranginiana Boreau , Carex rudis Wimm. , Carex tricostata Fr. , Carex corynophora Peterm. , Carex virginica Steud. , Carex wimmeri Steud. , Carex schummelii Siegert , Carex pulchella F.Nyl. ex Trevir. , Carex cunninghamii Boott , Carex fuscovaginata Kük. , Carex lilibaea Lojac. , Carex graciliformis V.I.Krecz. , Carex podperae Otruba , Carex sareptana V.I.Krecz. , Carex dichroandra V.I.Krecz. , Carex acuta var. Major Gray , Carex acuta var. Monstrosa Gray , Carex acuta var. Sparsiflora Dewey , Carex acuta subsp. colorata F.Nyl. , Carex acuta var. Chlorostachya Rchb. , Carex acuta var. Dioica Peterm. , Carex acuta var. Colorata (F.Nyl.) Nyl. & Saelán , Carex acuta var. Intermedia Celak. , Carex acuta var. Integrirostris rule , Carex acuta var. Amblylepis (Peterm.) Nyman , Carex acuta var. Moenchiana Nyman , Carex acuta var. Tricostata (Fr.) Crép. , Carex acuta var. Graciliflora (Legrand) Rouy , Carex acuta var. Stenophylla Rouy , Carex acuta var. Touranginiana (Boreau) Rouy , Carex vulgaris var. Tricostata (Fr.) Boott , Carex vulgaris subsp. tricostata (Fr.) K. Richt . , Carex rufa subsp. moenchiana (Nyman) K. Richt . , Carex rufa subsp. rudis (Wimm.) K. Richt. , Carex rufa subsp. wimmeri (Steud.) K. Richt . , Carex rufa var. Seminuda Beck .

The slim sedge ( Carex acuta ) forms a hybrid with the brown sedge ( Carex nigra ) , the slim bastard sedge ( Carex × elytroides ). Further hybridizations with the swamp sedge ( Carex acutiformis ) and the bladder sedge ( Carex vesicaria ) are described in the literature .

Common names

For the Schlank-Sedge exist or existed, in some cases only regionally, also the other German-language trivial names : Berstengras ( Silesia ), Bis Gras ( Transylvania ), Eisenpäter (Silesia), Eisenpäther (Silesia), Eisenpater (Silesia), Leuchel ( Silesia), Mincksch (Silesia), Nätsch (Silesia), Niecksch (Silesia), ox bags, pest grass, field grass (Silesia), sour grass ( Switzerland ), rogue grass , Schleckgras (Switzerland), snake (Silesia), sedge (Oldenburg, East Frisia , Altmark ), split grass (Switzerland), Statsch, dying grass (Silesia) and river snakes.

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 7th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1828-7 .
  • A. Petersen: The sour grasses. Keys to determination in the flowerless state. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-05-500257-1 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  182 .
  2. ↑ a b Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Carex acuta. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 15, 2016.
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings . Volume 1, IHW-Verlag, Eching near Munich, 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 256.
  4. ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, p. 81 ( online ).

Web links

Commons : Slender Sedge ( Carex acuta )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files