Dyck Castle

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Dyck Castle (current view)
Dyck Castle (view before restoration from the baroque bridge)
Old view
Dyck Castle, inner courtyard of the stronghold
Dyck Castle, Orangery

The Dyck Castle ( for debate see Rheinische place names ) is one of the most important water castles of the Rhineland. The plant consists of a hotbed and two forecourts , which are surrounded by a moat. The castle has a triple ditch system. This and an outer and inner bailey lead to the manor house from the years 1636 to 1663. The four-winged castle, bordered by corner towers, surrounds an almost square inner courtyard. The castle was furnished with old, exquisite furniture and had a sizeable collection of hunting weapons (auctioned). The buildings essentially go back to the state after the destruction in the Thirty Years War . From 1995 to 2000, Schloss Dyck was the external location for the soap opera Verbotene Liebe as "Schloss Friedenau" .

location

The castle is located northwest of Aldenhoven in Bedburdyck , part of the town of Jüchen in the Rhine district of Neuss , between Grevenbroich and Mönchengladbach . Not far away is the Nikolauskloster belonging to the castle .

history

Family coat of arms of the Lords of Dyck, today part of the coat of arms of Salm-Reifferscheidt

The first documentary evidence of this fortification can be found in 1094. "Hermannus de Dicco" was then the owner of the castle. At the end of the 13th century, another member of this noble family can be traced in the vicinity of this fortification. He had bought goods in the area of ​​the parish Hemmerden near Grevenbroich. In a document from 1290, "Count Adolf von Berg" released the goods in the parish of Hemmerden, sold by "Johann von Benrode" to "Rudolf von der Dyck", from the feudal association. 1383 besieged the allies of the state peace alliance Maas-Rhein with the troops of the cities of Cologne and Aachen , from Friedrich III. von Saar Werden and Duke Wilhelm von Jülich and Geldern the castle. They accused Gerhard von Dyck of being a robber baron . The castle was captured and Gerhard von Dyck was forced to destroy the stronghold at that time. Ten years later it was rebuilt.

After Gerhard von Dyck's death in 1394, the male line of von Dyck and Johann V. von Reifferscheidt (then Reifferscheidt-Dyck) inherited the castle. After Johann VI. he expanded the lands by buying Altalm and Niedersalm and was given the court office of a Hereditary Marshal of Kurköln , which was connected to the possession of Alfter Castle , and he founded the Salm-Reifferscheidt -Dyck line. His descendants were made imperial princes in 1804 and in 1816 - the castle is now part of the Prussian Rhineland - to the Prussian prince status.

Ernst Salentin von Salm-Reifferscheidt-Dyck, colonel from the Electorate of Cologne from 1645, arranged for the castle-like expansion (plans from 1658). Baroque extensions and extensions followed in the 18th century. The south wing was severely damaged by a bomb in 1945. After the Second World War , the facility was restored in 1961 in particular. On this occasion, a Chinese silk wallpaper was applied in one of the rooms , which dates from the 18th century and shows everyday scenes of Chinese craftsmen and farmers.

In 1992 the valuable palace library was auctioned.

park

Esskastanien -Allee (1811), former driveway to Dyck Castle, western demarcation of the state horticultural show area

The park was designed from 1794 under Prince Joseph zu Salm-Reifferscheidt-Dyck (1773–1861) in the style of an English landscape garden (garden architects: primarily Thomas Blaikie , but also Maximilian Friedrich Weyhe and Peter Joseph Lenné ); the baroque garden from the 18th century was given up. The prince himself was a private scholar and author of botanical works, in particular the "Hortus Dyckensis", a documentation of all plants grown in the park and in the gardens of the complex. The Dyck Palace Library , which mainly contains botanical works, was also founded by him. The German Foundation for Monument Protection honors the park due to the "remarkable number of valuable trees and plants". The castle has been managed by a foundation since 1999.

From 1995 to 2000 it was used as the external backdrop for the ARD soap Verbotene Liebe , in which it portrayed Friedenau Castle, the headquarters of the von Anstetten family.

State Garden Show 2002

In 2002 Schloss Dyck was the center of the decentralized state horticultural show in North Rhine-Westphalia, the show of the European garden region EUROGA 2002plus. The aim was to create an integrating park on the former arable land of 24 hectares, which deals innovatively and respectfully with the existing structures and explicitly refers to the previous use. Various themed gardens were laid out for the event both in the historic park and in the Dycker field “New Gardens”. Rectangular areas made of reeds, miscanthus , large lawns in between as well as radial, anthracite-colored paths characterize the space and form central lines of sight and connections. The reference point of the complex is a historic avenue made of chestnuts. In honor of Hanns Dieter Hüsch , a landscape garden on the Lower Rhine was created and named after him. In 2003 the Dycker field was awarded the German Landscape Architecture Prize .

At Schloss Dyck, the plan arose to continue to combine and present the superbly restructured gardens of the EUROGA 2002plus state horticultural show. It was realized in 2004. Since then, Schloss Dyck has been a founding member and seat of the supporting association for the street of garden art between the Rhine and Maas .

In the course of the bamboo year 2005 u. a. designed a modern bamboo garden.

Schloss Dyck Foundation

In 1999 the Schloss Dyck Foundation was established. This later got into financial difficulties. The state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the energy company RWE want to make donations of three million euros each in 2009.

Overall, the foundation should be self-sustaining in the long term with the help of the financing.

Important steps on the way are / were:

  • The development of new gardens since the State Garden Show 2002,
  • 2003 the completion of the exhibition areas,
  • 2005 the establishment of an international institute for garden art and landscape culture
  • 2006 the expansion of the European Garden Heritage Network (European garden network)

Classic Days Schloss Dyck

  • Jewels in the Park

  • Visitor pick nick

  • Paddock in the courtyard

  • Classic car club booths

  • Historic motorcycles

Since 2006 the “Classic Days” have been taking place at Schloss Dyck for the benefit of the Schloss Dyck Foundation. The event is a classic and motor festival and is organized on a non-profit and completely voluntary basis by the Classic Days association. The “Classic” area from Mercedes-Benz in combination with the museum from Stuttgart was one of the main content-related partners from the very beginning. The Classic Days are a unique event in Germany and consist of several individual events:

  • International FIVA-A Concours d'Elegance in the palace gardens (Jewels in the Park),
  • Motorsport in demonstration laps on a circuit at the castle (Racing Legends),
  • Large classic car meeting for visitors / meetings, picnic, jazz and a relaxed garden party atmosphere

The great success of the event consists in a mixture of classic car meetings, demonstration drives of exhibits and individual items from the factory museums of large automobile companies and from private national and international collections and flair. Well-known racing drivers are guests and meet the guests and participants close to the audience. Visitors and participants are encouraged to wear contemporary clothing. In the fifth anniversary year 2010, 39,800 spectators attended the Classic Days.

art

On the occasion of the state horticultural show, the site was expanded and modern components were added. Among other things, a sculpture by Ulrich Rückriem was erected on the expansion site. The baroque moated castle Dyck has been the setting for an exhibition of contemporary art since autumn 2003: Ten internationally renowned artists of different generations have developed room installations for the rooms in the high castle, for the staircase and the inner courtyard, which give the castle its historical appearance and its location, which is characterized by a landscaped park each interpret differently.

At the same time, two sculptures made of stainless steel by the sculptor Beate Schroedl will be shown in the historic park. They refer to the "bamboo year 2005" and to a special exhibition by this artist from Wuppertal.

Events

Numerous events take place in and around Dyck Castle almost all year round.

One example is the annual Illumina, where the palace and park are set in scene with plays of light and atmospheric music.

  • Dyck Castle as a projection surface at Illumina 2010

  • The castle bridge at Illumina 2010

  • A tree in the palace gardens at Illumina 2010

literature

sorted alphabetically by author

  • Jakob Bremer: The imperial direct rule Dyck of the counts current princes zu Salm-Reifferscheidt. 1959.
  • Ludger Fischer : The most beautiful palaces and castles on the Lower Rhine . Gudensberg-Gleichen 2004, ISBN 3-8313-1326-1
  • Rita Hombach: Landscape gardens in the Rhineland. The recording of the historical inventory and studies of garden culture of the "long" 19th century = contributions to the architectural and art monuments in the Rhineland 37. Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft , Worms 2010. ISBN 978-3-88462-298-8 , pp. 103-113 .
  • Klaus-Henning von Krosigk : Comments on the Pleasure Ground in the Dyck Castle Park . In: Die Gartenkunst  19 (2/2007), pp. 374–380.
  • Frank Maier-Solgk (text), Sonja Geurts (ed.), Stiftung Schloss Dyck (ed.): Schloss Dyck. Historical park and new gardens , Jüchen: Stiftung Schloss Dyck, 2002, ISBN 3-9808216-1-7
  • Margit Sachse: When cacti bloomed in Dyck ...: Life and work of the Dyck lord of the castle Joseph Altgraf and Prince zu Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck (1773–1861) , Pulheim: Rhein-Eifel-Mosel Verlag, 2005, ISBN 3-924182- 64-7

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Theodor Joseph Lacomblet, in: Document book for the history of the Lower Rhine or the Archbishopric of Cologne, Document 905 , 1846, Volume 2, 1201 to 1300, p. [576] 538.
  2. ↑ Article: Insider tips for parks & gardens: Jüchen - English style at its best , In: Monuments , edition 4/2020, p. 14.
  3. ↑ Dycker Feld energy and adventure landscape . 2002 in the online exhibition 100 years of landscape architecture by the bdla . Retrieved May 4, 2014.
  4. ↑ a b c The Schloss Dyck Foundation. Schloss Dyck Foundation, accessed on June 30, 2012 .

Web links

Commons : Schloss Dyck  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 51 ° 8 ′ 31 ″  N , 6 ° 33 ′ 26.5 ″  E