Rhenish place names

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Some Rhenish place and family names have a medium to German or Dutch (or Middle Dutch ajar) overrides spelling that may be unfamiliar to lead According Letter relationships.

Spelling and pronunciation

The letters e, i and y are often not spoken, but serve as the second part of a digraph to identify the length of the preceding vowel. The spelling with e predominates in the north and is a legacy of the Dutch-Lower Rhine writing tradition , while in the south the spelling with i is more common and corresponds to the Ripuarian- Middle Rhine writing tradition.

There are many similar spellings in Westphalia .

String Pronunciation ( IPA ) Examples
ae / ay / ai [ aː ] in Aengenesch , Aerbeck (Wachtendonk) , Baesweiler , Baerl , Baersdonk (Kerken) , Eversael , Gaesdonck , Hanselaer , Raeren ( German-speaking Community of Belgium ), Kevelaer , Keylaer , Straelen , Straeten (Heinsberg) , Praest (Emmerich am Rhein) , Saeffelen , Saelhuysen (Schaephuysen) , Schaephuysen , Wittlaer or in the family name Daem (= Adam ), also in Tenhaef , more rarely with Dehnungs-y like Alpsray , Haus Ingenray , Rayen , family name Daym or Dehnungs -i like Kaiskorb ( Jackerath ) or originally in the family name Klais
ee / ey [ eː ] in Neersbroich (Korschenbroich) , Op de Moelensteen ( Rheinberg ), Rees (historical spelling also Reys with Dehnungs-y), Haus Weegh (Rees), Weeze u. a.
eu / oe [ øː ] in Gelderner Fleuth (dialect), Rheurdt , historical writing Meurs (since 1931 finally “Moers”); dialect Euskirchen u. a. Many place names with oe instead of ö for [øː] do not correspond to the standard orthography
y [ iː ] in Altmyhl , Bedburdyck , Schloss Dyck , Myhl , Styrum , Gut Wylack ( Wassenberg ), Wyler (Kranenburg)
y [ ɪ ] in Gymnich , Zyfflich or in the family name Thyssen
ui / uy [ yː ] In Bergbuir , Berzbuir , Bleibuir , Broekhuysen, Buir (Kerpen) , Gruiten , Duisburg , Duisdorf , Holthuysen ( Issum ), Huisberden , Neukirchen-Vluyn , Ruif ( Herzogenrath ), Saelhuysen (Schaephuysen) , Schaephuysen , Schuir (Essen) , Thuephuysen Nideggen ), Gut Voorthuysen (Emmerich am Rhein), partly originally goes back to the sound [uː] with stretch-i or -y
ui [ ʏ ] in Duissern (Duisburg), Ruitzhof , Ruitsch
oi / oy / oe / oo [ oː ] in place names with the component “ -broich ”, also Anstois , Boisdorf , Boisheim , Broichweiden , Floisdorf , Froitscheidt (Nideggen) , Froitzheim , Groin (Rees) , Hoisten , Gut Isenkroidt ( Titz ), Kirchtroisdorf , Koisdorf , Moitzfeld , Noithausen , Oidtweiler , Op de Moelensteen (Rheinberg), Oirlich (Nettetal) , Roisdorf (Bornheim) , Troisdorf , Voigtslach (Leverkusen) , Voiswinkel , Voißel and the family name Voigt , less often with dehnungs-y as in Noyshof (Kevelaer) or Loyenhof (Kleve) or Stretch-e as in Schloss Hugenpoet or in the family name Loe , with double-o Gut Voorthuysen (Emmerich am Rhein)
ue / ui / uy / oe / ou [ uː ] in Bernkastel-Kues , Boeckelt ( Geldern ), Bourheim , Buisdorf , Broekhuysen , Grouven ( Elsdorf ), Houverath (Erkelenz) , Houverath (Bad Münstereifel) , Niersbroek ( Straelen ), Roerbrücke ( Hückelhoven ; = bridge over the " Rur " ) or in the family name Lueg . Even names like Duisburg were originally sometimes spoken with [uː] (see the article stretch marks )
ey [ aɪ ] in Breyell , Eynatten (German-speaking Community of Belgium), Keyenberg , Keylaer, Obereyll (Kerken) , Pley , Reesereyland (Rees), Rheydt , Wey (Jüchen)
oy / oie [ aʊ ] Orsoy , In der Oye and Oybaum ( Kalkar ), historical spelling Montjoie (until 1918)
oy / euy / ieu [ ɔʏ ] Moyland Castle (from Dutch “mooi” - beautiful ), family name Beuys , Nieukerk ( Kerken ), Loikum

In some cases, the modern pronunciation of the spelling has adapted, although the place names used to be pronounced differently (e.g. Euchen , Euenheim, Eupen , Euskirchen , Fleuth, Maisdörpe , Gymnich , Schloss Hueth , Neusen , Oestrich ( Erkelenz ), Raitzhof ( Wesel ), Uedem , Uedorf ( Bornheim ); some dialects are still preserved).

Special debates

Scientific Research

The research and interpretation of place names and their orthography is a research area z. B. of German studies , social and historical studies . The findings are u. a. important for the settlement history, dialectology or language history , historical regional studies or folklore .

The Landschaftsverband Rheinland maintains the Institute for Regional Studies and Regional History , which u. a. deals with this issue and promotes relevant publications. At the Institute for History at the University of Bonn there is a department for Rhenish regional history , which works closely with the Rhenish Linguistics and Rhenish Folklore departments of the Institute for German Studies, Comparative Literature and Cultural Studies (cultural anthropology) in researching place names . There is an Institute for Lower Rhine Cultural History and Regional Development (InKuR), which deals with the linguistic history (local and regional dialects ) of the Rhine-Maas area, among other things , at the University of Duisburg-Essen . It cooperates closely with the Niederrhein Akademie / Academie Nederrijn eV based in Xanten , the Rhineland Regional Association and the Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen .

Web links

See also

literature

  • Adolf Bach : German onenology , Vol. II The German place names , Part 1: Introduction. On phonetics and forms, sentence formation, word formation and meaning of German place names , part 2: The German place names in historical, geographical, sociological and psychological perspective. Place name research in the service of other sciences . Heidelberg: Winter 1953/54 (2nd edition Heidelberg: Winter 1981) ISBN 3825302369
  • Horst Bursch: The settlement names of the city of Bonn (publications of the city archive Bonn 38), Bonn: Ludwig Röhrscheidt 1987 ISBN 3792805715
  • Heinrich Dittmaier : Rhenish field names . With the collaboration of P. Melchers based on the material of the Rheinische Flurnamenarchiv founded by A. Bach, Bonn: Ludwig Röhrscheid 1963
  • Paul Derks : The settlement names of the municipality of Weeze on the Lower Rhine. Linguistic and historical research . With a view of Geldern and Goch (Weezer Archive 1), Weeze: Gemeinde Weeze 2006
  • Paul Derks: The settlement names of the community Uedem on the Lower Rhine. Linguistic and historical studies (Uedemer Studien 1), Uedem: Gemeinde Uedem 2007
  • Henning Kaufmann: The names of the Rhenish cities , Munich: Wilhelm Fink 1983
  • Karl Meisen: Rhenish place names and surnames in older orthography . In: Rheinisch-Westfälische Zeitschrift für Volkskunde 3 (1956), pp. 137–170
  • Rhein-Maas magazine . Studies on History, Language and Culture , ed. from the Institute for Lower Rhine Cultural History and Regional Development at the University of Duisburg-Essen Regional Development (InKuR) by Jörg Engelbrecht , Simone Frank, Christian Krumm and Holger Schmenk , previously published: 1 (2010) to 5 (2014), ISSN  1869-4071

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Isolated evidence south of the Ahr .
  2. ^ "Dusburg" is often written in imperial documents or university registers; probably the y in “Duysburg” was originally to be understood as an elongation y.