Keyenberg

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Keyenberg
City of Erkelenz
Coordinates: 51 ° 5 ′ 0 ″  N , 6 ° 24 ′ 43 ″  E
Height : 73 m
Area : 6.34 km²
Residents : 341  (Jun 30, 2020)
Population density : 54 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1972
Postal code : 41812
Area code : 02164
map
Location of Keyenberg in the Rhenish lignite district
Keyenberg in November 2019. 360 ° panorama from the air
Show as spherical panorama
Keyemberg and neighboring towns on the Tranchot map around 1806

Keyenberg is a rural district of Erkelenz in the Heinsberg district in North Rhine-Westphalia . In the coming years (by 2025 at the latest) Template: future / in 5 yearsthe village is to give way to the Garzweiler opencast mine run by RWE Power AG and is currently being relocated. Under the motto "Human rights before mining rights", residents of the Erkelenz villages Keyenberg, Kuckum , Berverath and Ober- and Unterwestrich have announced legal resistance to their expropriation by RWE Power AG .

Entrance to Keyenberg

geography

Keyenberg is on the edge of the Erkelenzer Börde in the headwaters of the Niers .

location

Keyenberg 1806

Keyenberg borders Mönchengladbach-Wanlo in the north, the Garzweiler opencast mine in the east and Lützerath and Holzweiler in the south , and Westrich and Kuckum in the west .

Waters

geology

Lignite seams from the Tertiary era lie underground .

history

In 893 the place was first mentioned as Cheyenburghc . At that time a fortified manor was owned by the Prüm Abbey , along with the church and ten smaller courtyards. That manor was not on a mountain, but in the Niers lowlands. In 1381 he was called Keyenberch .

In the Middle Ages there were two knightly seats in the village : House Keyenberg and House Patteren, the latter castle was destroyed in 1642.

Keyenberg has belonged to the Duchy of Jülich since the 14th century at the latest . From 1398 to 1554 the Dingstuhl Keyenberg formed its own court with Berverath and Westrich, then it was added to the Wanlo court. Wanlo, on the other hand, was in the Jülischen office Kaster .

During the Eighty Years' War , the village suffered from the invasion of Spanish troops in 1585 and 1586. In March 1642, Hessian troops destroyed several houses in the Thirty Years' War , including the knight seat Patteren.

The two-storey mansion with a protruding three-storey corner tower, Haus Keyenberg , was rebuilt in 1657 by Johann Heinrich von Hanxleden (Hanxler), who was married to Anna Catharina von Hocherbach. After this family died out with Anna von Zours zu Keyenberg in 1655, the mother of Anna Catharina, Catharina von Hocherbach, née Kintzweiler zu Müddersheim, became heiress to Keyenberg. On April 25, 1655, she appeared, accompanied by her notary, to take possession of her inheritance, the knightly estate of the House of Keyenberg. In 1669 she built the Antonius Chapel in Müddersheim . She was the granddaughter of Johanna von Zours, the daughter of Johann von Zours zu Keyenberg and Maria von Jülich. Maria von Jülich was the daughter of Duke Wilhelm von Jülich-Berg († 1511), the last duke from the Hengebach tribe, buried in Altenberg Cathedral.

Under French rule from 1794 to 1814 Keyenberg belonged to the Mairie Kuckum in the canton of Erkelenz.

In 1815 Keyenberg came to Prussia . The former Mairie Kuckum became the mayor's office in Keyenberg in the district of Erkelenz , but without the town of Kuckum, which became part of the mayor's office in Wanlo. The new mayor's office in Keyenberg consisted of Berverath, Borschemich, Kaulhausen, Keyenberg, Venrath and Westrich.

In 1848 the mayor's office was divided into the three special municipalities Keyenberg, Borschemich and Venrath. Berverath and Westrich belonged to Keyenberg and Kaulhausen to Venrath. The mayor's office continued to exist.

On February 27, 1945, American soldiers of the 175th Regiment of the 29th Infantry Division took the village during Operation Grenade .

In 1938 the mayorries of Keyenberg and Immerath were merged to form the new Holzweiler office . On January 1, 1972, the office was dissolved and its communities part of the city of Erkelenz.

Protesters form a "yellow line" between the edge of the open pit and the village of Keyenberg

The village of Keyenberg has been resettled since 2016 and is to give way to the Garzweiler opencast mine. The church was sold to the opencast mine operator RWE in 2019. Since the clearing stop for the Hambach Forest, which is threatened by lignite mining, in October 2018, village and forest walks with several hundred participants have also taken place in Keyenberg. The closing event of the protest march by Fridays for Future on June 22, 2019 around the Garzweiler opencast mine took place on the outskirts of Keyenberg with an estimated 8,000 participants.

School history

A school is mentioned in Keyenberg as early as 1606. Initially the sexton's house served as a school. In 1717, however, a new school building was erected next to the rectory, which served this purpose for a good hundred years. 1814 86 children were required to attend school outside the harvest seasons and paid the teacher per 4 1/2 Stüber school fees. In 1828 a new school building was erected west of the church by official order and a teacher's apartment was added a little later. As early as 1849, a larger building with two school halls had become necessary, to which a third school room and a second teacher's apartment were added in 1875. In 1963 the Catholic elementary school moved to a new building on Lindenallee and was converted into a community elementary school in 1969. This is visited and also by the children of the neighboring villages.

religion

Keyenberg has the oldest church in the Erkelenzer Land. In 893 it was the private church of the Prüm Abbey. In the 13th century, the church probably came to the Wickrath family temporarily . In 1289, the St. Maria Abbey in Cologne was first mentioned as the patron saint , and the Keyenberg Church remained in his possession until 1794. Around 1720 the pastor at the time created the legend that the church in Keyenberg was built by Saint Plectrudis . Unlike in Otzenrath , Keyenberg and Borschemich, the Reformation had not been able to gain a foothold. In the 18th century, the Catholic Keyenbergers celebrated every conversion of a Protestant adult with gunfire. Until 1804, the neighboring village of Borschemich belonged to Keyenberg as a branch church , before it became an independent parish. On January 1st, 2010 the parish was merged with ten other parishes to form the parish of St. Maria and Elisabeth Erkelenz. The majority of the population today is Catholic. The evangelical residents belong to the community of Wickrathberg.

Population development

Population of Keyenberg since 1746:

year 1767 1818 1871 1895 1961 1970 2008 2009 2010 2014 2016 2019
Ew 334 558 599 585 723 802 882 881 872 826 830 526

Culture and sights

View of House Keyenberg through the arch of the outer bailey

Buildings

The first church building was a late Carolingian hall church . Over the centuries the building has undergone various renovations and new constructions. The current church dates from 1912 with a neo-Gothic choir from 1868. A Romanesque inscription board from the years 1089-1099 has been preserved. The picture in the tower entrance was painted by the painter Gustav Kaspers from Wanlo and is still preserved. The church was sold to the opencast mine operator RWE Power in 2019 and is threatened with demolition.
  • Keyenberg House, a former moated castle with five-sided outer bailey and a renovated two-winged mansion.
  • The Keyenberger Motte was a fortified Franconian farming settlement in the early Middle Ages.

Regular events

societies

  • TuS Keyenberg
  • Rifle Brotherhood "St. Sebastianus "
  • Music association "St. Joseph's “Keyenberg
  • Keyenberger Carnival Society Grubenrand Piraten e. V.
  • Village community Keyenberg - Westrich - Berverath eV

Infrastructure

  • Keyenberg Catholic Kindergarten
  • Keyenberg Community Primary School
  • Erkelenz volunteer fire brigade - Keyenberg fire fighting group

Transport links

Street

The next motorway junction is at MG-Wanlo on the A 61 .

train

The nearest train station is in Jüchen-Hochneukirch on the Mönchengladbach – Cologne – Koblenz railway line . Regional trains of lines RE8 and RB27 stop here every half hour during the day.

bus

The bus routes EK 1 (Erkelenz – Kaulhausen – Keyenberg) and EK 3 (Erkelenz – Holzweiler – Keyenberg) go to Keyenberg Monday to Friday. At the weekend the MultiBus can be used for on-demand traffic.

line course
EK1 Erkelenz Bf  - Terheeg  - Venrath  - Kuckum  - Keyenberg  - Holzweiler  - Immerath  - Erkelenz Bf
EK3 Erkelenz Bf  - Immerath  - Holzweiler  - Keyenberg  - Kuckum  - Venrath  - Terheeg  - Erkelenz Bf

Personalities

  • Matthias Claessen (* 1677 in Keyenberg; † 1734) was pastor in Keyenberg for 34 years and author of the local plectrum legend.
  • Wilhelm Corsten (* July 20, 1890 in Keyenberg; † March 3, 1970 in Cologne), Dr. theol., from 1921 to 1934 archbishop chaplain and secret secretary of the Cologne archbishop Karl Joseph Schulte , from 1941 Cologne cathedral capitular and papal house prelate.

literature

  • Karl L. Mackes: Erkelenzer Börde and Niersquellgebiet. (= Series of publications of the city of Erkelenz No. 6). Mönchengladbach 1985.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Update of the population on June 30, 2020 (PDF). (PDF) In: Website of the city of Erkelenz. Retrieved July 15, 2020 .
  2. ↑ rp-online.de
  3. ↑ rp-online.de
  4. ^ Ernst von Oidtman, Genealogical Collections Folder 558, 223 and 1330.
  5. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 307 .
  6. ↑ Thousands demonstrate in Keyenberg. In: Aachener Zeitung. June 22, 2019 ( aachener-zeitung.de ).
  7. ^ KL Mackes: Erkelenzer Börde and Niersquellgebiet. 1985, p. 439 ff.
  8. ^ KL Mackes: Erkelenzer Börde and Niersquellgebiet. 1985, p. 145.
  9. ↑ erkelenz.de ( Memento of the original from February 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.erkelenz.de

Web links

Commons : Erkelenz # Keyenberg Kuckum  - album with pictures, videos and audio files