Baesweiler
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 50 ° 54 ' N , 6 ° 11' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | North Rhine-Westphalia | |
| Administrative region : | Cologne | |
| Circle : | City region Aachen | |
| Height : | 130 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 27.76 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 27.093 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 976 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 52499 | |
| Area code : | 02401 | |
| License plate : | AC, MON | |
| Community key : | 05 3 34 008 | |
| LOCODE : | DE BSW | |
| City structure: | 7 districts | |
City administration address : |
Mariastraße 2 52499 Baesweiler |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Willi Linkens ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the city of Baesweiler in the Aachen city region | ||
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Baesweiler [spoken: ˈbaːsˌvaɪlɐ ] is a medium-sized city in the North Rhine-Westphalian city region of Aachen . For a short time, mining shaped the city and led to a rapid increase in population.
geography
geology
The area is called the Jülich Börde and is located in the Cologne Bay, which is why the soil is composed of loess . In the Ice Ages, the glaciers penetrated this bay (not quite as far as Baesweiler) and ground under themselves rock that they had brought far from the north. After it melted, a fertile layer of soil remained.
Neighboring communities
Neighboring communities are, clockwise and starting in the north: Geilenkirchen , Linnich , Aldenhoven , Alsdorf , Herzogenrath and Übach-Palenberg .
City structure
Baesweiler has consisted of the following districts since January 1st, 1972 (residents as of November 2015 ):
- Baesweiler (13,903)
- Beggendorf (1,654)
- Floverich (395)
- Loverich (1,232)
- Oidtweiler (2,966)
- Puffendorf (448)
- Setterich (7,566)
The word "Oidtweiler" also has a stretching vowel in the name, the first i .
The main town Baesweiler is centrally located, the other parts of the city are separately located, with the exception of Oidtweiler, which merges seamlessly into the main town. But Setterich and Baesweiler are growing closer together through extensive expansion of residential building space.
history
prehistory
Archaeological finds prove a Neolithic settlement between the districts of Baesweiler and Oidtweiler.
Roman times
In Roman times , Baesweiler was located at the intersection of the Via Belgica , an important military road from Cologne via Maastricht to Boulogne, with a smaller road in an approximate north-south direction. Traces of Roman settlement have been archaeologically proven; they are additions to a cremation grave that were discovered in 1952 during excavation work. A Roman village ( vicus ) was discovered along the Via Belgica about 1 km west of the town center, directly at the "Carl Alexander" mine dump . The Latin name of this village, which apparently has no settlement history connection with the medieval Baesweiler, is not known.
As in the entire Jülich-Zülpicher Börde, several Roman manors ( villa rustica ) can be expected in the urban area of Baesweiler . A villa rustica between Beggendorf and the vicus on the Via Belgica has been proven, another north-west of Beggendorf can be assumed based on surface finds.
middle Ages
- 952: Beggendorf is mentioned in a document as Villa Begina when Archbishop Bruno von Cologne donated goods to the Cäcilienstift.
- April 13, 1104: Oidtweiler is mentioned as de Oidthwilre in a document from Archbishop Friedrich I of Cologne.
- 1119: Setterich is mentioned for the first time in a document from the Rolduc monastery . Since the church is mentioned in this document, it can be assumed that the place is older.
- 1130: Baesweiler is mentioned in a document for the first time. According to a deed of gift from the collegiate monastery of St. Adalbert (Aachen) , a suitor named Berolinus transferred his independent property in Bastwilre to the monastery. This donation was confirmed by the king on May 11, 1222.
- 1153: The two places Puffendorf and Loverich, which belonged together at the time, were first mentioned as Pophendorp and Loverken .
- August 22, 1371: The decisive battle of the Brabant feud took place near Baesweiler , in which the troops of the Duke of Jülich, supported by the Duke of Geldern, were victorious against the Duke of Brabant.
Modern times
- 1570: Construction of the Settericher windmill
- 1921: On the western edge of the capital was in the wake of North migration of the Aachen coalfield the pit Carl Alexander opened. This led to a rapid increase in population.
- January 1, 1972: The municipal regional reform in the former Aachen administrative district comes into force. The new municipality of Baesweiler emerged from the previously independent municipalities of Baesweiler, Setterich, Oidtweiler and Puffendorf. At the same time, the Selfkantkreis Geilenkirchen-Heinsberg is dissolved and the communities in the district are divided into the districts of Aachen, Düren and Heinsberg.
- January 14, 1975: City charter granted by a resolution of the state government
Until the beginning of the 20th century, the districts of today's town of Baesweiler were structured purely agrarian. The picture changed with coal mining. Initially, this mainly affected the town of Baesweiler itself, where the sinking work for the Carl Alexander pit began in 1908. Due to the First World War , the new mine did not start production until 1921. This led to a sudden increase in population from approx. 1500 inhabitants in 1905 to 7400 inhabitants in 1933. Another large mining settlement owned by Carl Alexander was in neighboring Boscheln . In Siersdorf , 4 km to the east , the Emil Mayrisch mine began production in 1952. A large part of the miners were settled in Setterich, which quadrupled its population within a decade.
After mining in Baesweiler was stopped in January 1975, today only a memorial on Reyplatz reminds of it. The redesign of the square has given the pulley a new location. The concrete steles that symbolized a winding tower are no longer there. Many descendants of guest workers of various nationalities and pub names such as Carl-Alexander are reminiscent of the mine. In addition, in the vicinity of the city, mountain dumps are piling up that have been greened. The dump of the "Carl-Alexander" pit has been open to the public since the end of May 2008, when the "Carl-Alexander-Park" ("CAP" for short) was opened. There is a viewing platform at the highest point of the heap. The summit of the heap can be reached via a tower on the front of the stockpile (with catering, see photo “Bistro CAP”), a suspension bridge and a staircase. A transport service has been set up that can be used after registration. In this way, elderly or disabled people can enjoy the beauty of the summit plateau.
Population development
(always on December 31st)
- 1950: 13.268
- 1970: 24.223
- 1998: 26,731
- 1999: 27,160
- 2000: 27,434
- 2001: 27,485
- 2002: 27.604
- 2003: 27,716
- 2004: 27,933
- 2005: 27,969
- 2006: 28,160
- 2007: 28,234
- 2008: 27,991
- 2009: 27,793
- 2010: 27,898
- 2011: 27,905
- 2012: 26,445
- 2013: 26,497
- 2014: 26,597
- 2015: 26,819
- 2017: 28,498 (main and secondary residence)
politics
City council
The local elections on May 25, 2014 led to the following result:
- CDU : 23 seats (-3)
- SPD : 9 seats (+3)
- GREEN : 3 seats (± 0)
- Die Linke Baesweiler: 2 seats (+2)
- FDP : 1 seat (−1)
mayor
- Mayor: Willi Linkens (CDU)
- 1st Deputy Mayor: Jürgen Burghardt (CDU)
- 2nd Deputy Mayor: Bruno Mohr (CDU)
coat of arms
Heraldic shield divided horizontally into gold and blue, above a black lion with a red tongue and armor, which is turned to the left. Underneath there are crossed arrows in silver pointing downwards. The coat of arms of the Baesweiler office was adopted for all newly added communities after the reorganization in 1971. It comes from a jury's seal from 1556, the lion denotes the Jülich sovereign, the arrows symbolize the local rifle system.
logo
The logo of the city of Baesweiler shows the lettering "City of Baesweiler" with a friendly-looking lion (called "Leo") who spreads his arms.
Town twinning
The city of Baesweiler maintains a city partnership with:
There are regular visits and there is a student exchange program.
From 1975 to 2009 Baesweiler also maintained a town twinning with the Easington (District) in Great Britain . Due to its dissolution, there is no longer a town partnership.
Attractions
The entire area of the city of Baesweiler belonged to the front line area in October and November 1944, but the fighting did not take place too violently. However, not many historical buildings have survived. In addition, many medieval churches throughout the Rhineland were replaced by new buildings in the 19th century and most of the half-timbered buildings were replaced by brick buildings .
Sacred buildings
The only remaining church from medieval times is St. Martin in the Oidtweiler district. The former Romanesque church is now the south aisle. St. Laurentius in Puffendorf and St. Pankratius in Beggendorf were built in the 19th century. The cath. Parish Church of St. Petrus and the Protestant Church of Peace in Baesweiler date from the 1920s, all other church buildings are new buildings after the Second World War .
Of the four mosques in the city, only that of the DITIB is architecturally worthy of mention.
Profane buildings
Some of the large courtyards in the individual villages can certainly be traced back to medieval origins, but they have been rebuilt and expanded several times.
Baesweiler Castle
The former moated castle Burg Baesweiler is located in Baesweiler , some of which was built around 1550. From 2005 to 2006 it was converted into a cultural center, which opened in March 2006 and aims to enrich city life with regular events and gastronomy.
Settericher castle
Of the moated castle in Setterich , only the gatehouse built around 1640 still exists, the remaining buildings were demolished around 1820. Today there is a residential and nursing home for senior citizens on this site, to which the gatehouse forms the driveway.
Settericher windmill
In the open field on the old Roman road Cologne-Jülich-Maastricht southeast of Baesweiler (towards Siersdorf ) are the ruins of a former windmill , which was built in 1570 by Johann von Reuschenberg zu Setterich - the bailiff of Wilhelmstein and Eschweiler. The choice of the location was determined by the westerly winds, which were particularly favorable here. The windmill was first mentioned in a document on February 3, 1579 in a lease agreement between Heinrich von Reuschenberg and Theodor Nobis, the leaseholder of the “Kleiner Hof” in Siersdorf.
The interpretation of the ruin as a watchtower of the Teutonic Order has been refuted, as the property always belonged to Setterich and was never subordinate to the Siersdorf commander.
The mill ceased operations in 1912 because it was no longer competitive with steam mills. Afterwards there was a small farm with an adjoining excursion restaurant for a few decades. The mill was badly damaged during fighting in November 1944. In the stump there is a memorial cross for the soldiers who died around the mill.
Economy and Infrastructure
economy
After hard coal mining was discontinued in the 1970s, Baesweiler had to carry out an economic structural change, which has now been completed. Some miners found shelter in the region's pits, the city fathers directed their course towards the establishment of new industries. Today the industrial park is characterized by medium-sized companies that range from escalator suppliers to detergent production. This is supported by a start-up center, the its (international technology and service center), which provides young companies with premises and infrastructure.
Agriculture is still strongly represented in Baesweiler today. Its importance has decreased, but the fertile loess soil enables the cultivation of mainly sugar beets, which are refined into sugar in Jülich . Grain, corn, potatoes and fruit are also grown.
traffic
Trunk roads
Baesweiler is connected to the two federal highways 56 and 57 . The next motorway junctions are Aldenhoven and Alsdorf (both on federal motorway 44 ) and Eschweiler-West on federal motorway 4 .
railroad
In the first half of the 20th century, the Geilenkirchen circular railway ran through what is now the city on the Alsdorf – Baesweiler – Setterich – Puffendorf – Immendorf – Geilenkirchen route. The line was closed in 1953. The route of the former Jülich circular railway that starts from Jülich still leads to Puffendorf today . Today this is a stretch of the Dürener Kreisbahn (DKB). Most of the line is still there, but there have been no trains for more than a decade. Passenger traffic was stopped in 1971. The next DB - Stations are Ubach-Palenberg and Geilenkirchen at the line Aachen-Mönchengladbach and Eschweiler Hbf on the Aachen-Cologne.
As a regional connection, there is also the option of using the stops of the Euregiobahn , the next stop of which is Annapark station in Alsdorf . This line runs between this stop via Aachen to Langerwehe and Stolberg -Altstadt, in the summer months it runs occasionally on Sundays via Düren to Heimbach in the Eifel. In the long term, the city is aiming to build a branch line of the Euregiobahn from Alsdorf via Baesweiler to Setterich.
Public transport
Baesweiler belongs to the Aachener Verkehrsverbund (AVV) and is connected to all neighboring towns by bus . The main stop is In der Schaf with bus routes BW1, 51, 71, 280, 431 and 432.
Since the city is the northernmost area of the area served by ASEAG , buses from three different transport companies run here, whereby all companies with the AVV tariff are to be used. Until 1974 the community was also served by the Aachen trolleybus .
| line | course |
|---|---|
| 51 | Waldfriedhof - Burtscheid - Aachen Hbf - Elisenbrunnen - Aachen Bushof - STAWAG - Carolus Thermen - Alter Tivoli - Würselen - Alsdorf-Annapark - Oidtweiler - ( Carl-Alexander-Park → Baesweiler Reyplatz / Setterich ) |
| 151 |
Express bus: Elisenbrunnen - Aachen bus station - STAWAG - Alter Tivoli - Würselen - Alsdorf-Annapark - Oidtweiler - ( Carl-Alexander-Park → Baesweiler Reyplatz) |
| 71 | Geilenkirchen Bf - Beggendorf - Baesweiler - Setterich - Siersdorf - Schleiden - Aldenhoven |
| 280 | Linnich Bf - Gereonsweiler - Setterich - Baesweiler |
| 431 | Geilenkirchen train station - Frelenberg - Marienberg - Palenberg train station - Übach - Boscheln - Baesweiler |
| 432 | Geilenkirchen Bf - Prummers - Immendorf - ( Apweiler -) Floverich - Loverich - Puffendorf - Setterich - Baesweiler |
| BW1 | Setterich - Baesweiler - Oidtweiler - Bettendorf |
Public facilities
Baesweiler has a city library.
The adult education center , which was originally operated in cooperation with the city of Alsdorf , has been operating as the Adult Education Center North District Aachen since the beginning of 2007 , as the two cities of Herzogenrath and Würselen joined the VHS association.
education
The city offers all the necessary facilities for school provision: a total of 16 kindergartens in almost all parts of the city, plus seven primary schools, some of which are denominational but accept everyone. There is a secondary school in Baesweiler, a secondary school in Setterich and a grammar school in the Baesweiler district of the city. Many students also attend comprehensive schools and grammar schools in neighboring cities.
The district's pharmaceutical and technical college is the only vocational school that has its headquarters in Baesweiler. Special special schools exist with the branch of the Elisabethschule from Alsdorf for the learning disabled and the language disabled school.
religion
For centuries, the inhabitants of today's urban area were predominantly Roman Catholic . There were almost no other Christian denominations, but there was a Jewish minority. Since the Shoah , however, there have been no more Jews in the city.
Only with the opening of the Carl-Alexander mine in 1919 did a significant number of Protestant Christians move in. After the Second World War, this number increased again with the influx of miners to Baesweiler and Setterich. From the end of the 1950s, the recruitment of foreign workers for the coal industry also attracted Muslims, especially from Turkey and Morocco .
Currently there are in the urban area
- six Roman Catholic churches
- two Protestant churches
- a New Apostolic Church
- a Kingdom Hall of Jehovah's Witnesses
- four mosque associations (three Turkish-speaking , one Arabic-speaking )
The Roman Catholic parishes are united to form a community of parishes . On January 1, 2013, the Roman Catholic parishes were merged into one large parish.
Personalities
Honorary citizen
- Joseph Stegers (* 1912 in Mönchengladbach, † 2000 in Baesweiler) was pastor of the Catholic parish of St. Andreas in Setterich from 1946 to 1992. Because of his services to the integration of the numerous new residents, he was made honorary citizen of the city of Baesweiler in 1983.
- Hans Plum, former mayor of the city of Baesweiler, was named an honorary citizen in a solemn special meeting of the city council in 2000 after 25 years of membership in the city council of Baesweiler, 20 years of which as honorary mayor.
sons and daughters of the town
- Wilhelm Bergstein (* 1939), former soccer player
- Alfred Glenski (* 1940), former soccer player
- Michael Kubiciel (* 1973), legal scholar
- Ralph Gunesch (* 1983), Bundesliga soccer player
- David Christiansen (* 1976), composer
- Jan von Werth (1591–1652), equestrian general from the Thirty Years' War, was probably born on April 6, 1591 in Puffendorf. However, the place of birth is disputed between several villages in the Rhineland - a baptismal entry or other documentary confirmation has not yet been found.
- Hans Peter Schmitz (* 1937), farmer from Puffendorf, member of the German Bundestag from 1972 to 2002
- Raimund Erbel (* 1948), former professor and director of the Clinic for Cardiology at the University Hospital Essen
- Joseph Matthias Hubertus Goebbels (1836–1911) was chaplain to Sankt Maria im Kapitol in Cologne for 32 years. His grave is in the Baesweiler cemetery.
- Reinhold Ernst (* 1963), lawyer and former chairman of the supervisory board of the second division football team Fortuna Düsseldorf
- Franz Loogen (1919–2010), Nestor of German Cardiology
- Willi Linkens (* 1953), Mayor of Baesweiler
- Eric van-Dahl (* 1962), writer and author
- Wilhelm Joseph Wings (1818–1865), sculptor
- Franz Hubert Wings (1821–1875), sculptor, he created the Moses monument for the Paris World Exhibition in 1855, and Wingsstrasse was named after him
- Franz Augustin Wings (1826-n.1884), sculptor
Environmental award
- Peter Kempen (* 1957) was awarded the first environmental prize in 1998. Thanks to his concept for using rainwater in the municipal cemetery, fresh water consumption could be reduced. He donated the prize money to the realization of a rainwater cistern.
- In 1992 an environmental protection prize from NRW (2nd place) went to the inventor Karl-Heinz Schink (* 1939). Since 1951, he and his wife have been running a successful family business in Baesweiler in the second generation (laundry & dry cleaning Schink).
Sports
At sports facilities, there is initially at least one soccer field in almost every district. There is a smaller sports center in Baesweiler itself. In addition to three football pitches (including one with a grandstand and cinder track), there is an indoor swimming pool (with a school and teaching pool), a mini golf course and a tennis facility with four indoor courts and seven cinder courts in the fresh air. The gyms at the schools in the city area are made available to club sports outside of school hours.
Nationally known are the bankrupt football club SV Baesweiler 09 , the cycling club RV 05 Baesweiler and the judo club JJJC Samurai Setterich, who, with Christina Krahe, were a European junior judo champion in 2004 and Jörg and Frank Heynen were multiple bronze medalists at world championships in the Masters class.
After the bankruptcy of SV 09 Baesweiler, playing in the major league at the time , JSV 09 Baesweiler was founded, which plays in the national league after several promotions in the 2009/2010 season.
In addition to football, bike ball and judo, the sports clubs in the city area offer the following sports: handball (BSC Setterich), volleyball , table tennis , tennis , archery , shooting sports, gymnastics , gymnastics , taekwondo , long-distance running , chess , swimming ( DLRG ), badminton , basketball , (Nordic) walking , diving and Boßeln .
Leisure and culture
Marching band
One of the oldest marching bands in the city of Baesweiler is the Trommler- und Spielverein 1913 Baesweiler e. V.
About the origin: At the turn of the century it was common on fair days for a flautist and a drummer to step forward in front of the musicians in the pageant, who played during the music breaks. Jakob Nickels, known as Flute Kobes, worked as a traditional flautist in our village, accompanied by Josef Erkens as a drummer. Flute Kobes was replaced from his honorary position by the brothers Peter and Heinrich Erkens. This more than modest vanguard was for years the poor substitute for the exemplary drummers and whistlers in the military bands. Some of the military-trained drumsticks may have thought on the occasion of the local festivals that it would be splendid if a proud drum corps went ahead of the parade. This wish took shape when in 1913 the chaplain Johannes Marschang, who was then active in Baesweiler, founded the church youth association. He approached the old Baesweiler citizen Johann Keller (known as: Kellers Ützje), who was trained as a drum during his military service, with the request that he train some members of the youth club as a temporary music corps. The interested parties then came together privately in the Keller house, Kückstrasse, and agreed to found a drummers and whistlers corps. This meeting on April 30, 1913 was the founding meeting of today's Drummers and Playing Club 1913 Baesweiler e. V.
orchestra
Big Band Baesweiler
The Big Band Baesweiler (bbb) was founded in the summer of 1989 by Hans-Josef Dreßen, Detlef Heinen, Jürgen Horn and other members of the Baesweiler Harmonieverein. In the first few years the ensemble was a division of the award-winning youth orchestra. In December 1992 the band spun off and founded their own non-profit association, the MusikInitiative Grenzland e. V.
Over the years the bbb has organized numerous shows, including the concert series OPUS I (1990) to OPUS IV (2005), always together with the Cantabile Choir. The crowd pullers were "Oldies, Hits & Evergreens" (1992) and Gala Royal with the multiple world champion in the Latin American formation dance Black and Yellow Aachen . Since 2008, the band has been inviting people to dance evenings in Baesweiler Burg every March.
In 1994 the ensemble won the 1st CD competition in the Aachen region.
Over the years the band has been able to attract more and more musicians who no longer have their place of residence in Baesweiler. The members travel weekly from Eupen (Belgium), Mönchengladbach to Aachen- Walheim to the rehearsals. Three members from the founding period are still actively involved (as of 2012).
Harmony club
The Harmonieverein St. Petrus Baesweiler e. V. was founded in 1962 by the then chaplain of the parish of St. Petrus Baesweiler, Leo Eißen.
In addition to many appearances in Baesweiler and the near and far surroundings, the Harmonieverein has already made numerous appearances abroad. The Netherlands , Belgium , England, Sweden , Yugoslavia , Austria , Hungary , France and Spain were visited. In addition to making music, many friendly contacts were made in the twin cities of Baesweiler Easington (England) and Montesson (France) as well as in the Spanish city of Candás .
The Harmonieverein St. Petrus Baesweiler has so far participated in five competitions.
- In 1974 the association won a third prize in the third category at the World Music Festival in Kerkrade ( Netherlands ).
- In 1978 a second place was also achieved at the World Music Festival.
- In 1983 the Harmonieverein achieved a first prize with distinction at the Landesmusikfest (NRW) at the highest level.
- In 1994, the Harmonieverein took first place in the wind orchestra category at the 1st CD competition of the Volksbanks and Raiffeisenbanks in the Aachen region.
- In 2000, the club achieved first place in the upper school at the Landesmusikfest (NRW) in Mönchengladbach .
Brass band "Transylvania" Setterich
Since the middle of the 19th century, there have been brass bands in numerous villages and towns in Transylvania , which played on secular and religious festivals. When in 1953 numerous refugees from Transylvania came to the Aachen coal mining area and were settled in Setterich in the summer of 1954, they brought this tradition and their instruments with them. The chapel was soon known and loved in the region. It also served the Eschweiler Mining Association as a factory chapel for two decades.
The brass band "Siebenbürgen" Setterich e. V. plays a decisive role in the musical life in the Setterich district and in the neighboring districts, even if a lot has changed over the years. Many members do not come from Setterich, but also from neighboring towns and the proportion of those who have ancestors from Transylvania has fallen to less than half. Particularly noteworthy is the youth work of the brass band, which speaks for itself in 2007 with 60 trainee musicians.
Local press
The city of Baesweiler is supplied with local reports from the official gazette of the city of Baesweiler, the city info, the Super Wednesday to the city gazette "genial-nah" .
See also
- List of architectural monuments in Baesweiler
- List of ground monuments in Baesweiler
- List of natural monuments in Baesweiler
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 . ( Help on this )
- ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 306 and 310 .
- ↑ Photo gallery Carl Alexander Park
- ^ City of Baesweiler ( Memento from March 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ town twinning
- ^ Volkshochschule Nordkreis Aachen , accessed on August 2, 2011.
- ↑ Baesweiler: Volkshochschule Nordkreis Aachen ( Memento from November 1, 2011 in the Internet Archive ). Retrieved on August 2, 2011.
- ↑ "ingeniously close"
Baesweiler | Beggendorf | Floverich | Loverich | Oidtweiler | Puffendorf | Setterich
Aachen | Alsdorf | Baesweiler | Eschweiler | Herzogenrath | Monschau | Roetgen | Simmerath | Stolberg (Rhineland) | Würselen