Baumgarten Castle (Dietersburg)

Baumgarten Castle after an engraving by Michael Wening from 1723

The Castle Baumgarten is located in Baumgarten in the municipality Dietersburg in the Lower Bavarian district of Rottal-Inn of Bavaria (Sandstraße 5).

History of Baumgarten Castle and Hofmark

The nobles von Baumgarten had owned an area since the 12th century that later became the Hofmark Baumgarten. In 1323 Alram , the last of the tree gardens , handed over his house with people and property to his uncle, the Counts Alram and Albrecht von Hals ; the counts transferred their house in Haidenburg to him . In 1375 the Landgraves of Leuchtenberg took possession of the Counts of Hals and accordingly also of the Baumgartens. However, there was a dispute between them and Agnes, Countess zu Ortenburg, who, as the daughter of Count Alram von Hals, also expressed claims to the estate. On May 26, 1379, a contract on the Hals inheritance was concluded between the Counts of Ortenburg and the Landgrave of Leuchtenberg, through the mediation of Duke Friedrich of Bavaria . The contending parties should get half of the dominions of Leonsberg, Gangkofen and Baumgarten. On November 30, 1379, Johann Landgrave von Leuchtenberg and Graf zu Hals renounced these goods to Count Heinrich IV zu Ortenburg , his wife Agnes and their sons Alram I and Georg I by selling them (including Baumgarten).

In 1385 Count Heinrich IV. Zu Ortenburg and his wife Agnes sold the festivals and the Baumgarten rule to the dukes Otto , Friedrich , Johann and Stephan . As early as August 28, 1406, Reickger Sigenhamer (Reichker Siegenheim) was named here as the first nurse to Baumgarten . As a result, the Baumgarten rulership and festivals seem to have been partially resold: In 1417, Duke Heinrich dem Reichker (Reicker) von Sigenheim , who had handed over the high court and blood ban in Baumgarten, confirmed all other rights (lower court, Salmansrecht) to Baumgarten. In 1429 Duke Heinrich sold the Feste and Hausung Baumgartenberg to Erhard Vorster zu Pützen for life, but he had to keep the festivals open and maintained for the Duke. Vorster had to send letters and justice to Baumgarten Castle because of debts. B. to Peter Gruber, whereby the latter had to vow to leave the other rights back to the Duke. The Bavarian dukes subsequently tried to get the rule back into their own hands.

In 1456, Duke Ludwig of Bavaria was able to give festivals and Hofmark Baumgarten as a ducal fiefdom to Friedrich Pienzenau zu Hartmannsberg . Friedrich Pienzenau was married to Magdalena Siegenheimer, who after the death of her father Reicker von Siegenheim had handed over all of his claims against Herzig Ludwig to her husband. Baumgarten remained in the possession of the Pienznauer until the 17th century. Then there was a division: The last of the Pienzenauer Christoph Friedrich left three daughters, Rosa Nothaft, Sabina von Amsham and Catharina von Meschede, and a sister, Maria Euphrosina, wife of the electoral council and carer of Osterhofen Hans Bernhard von Perlaching. In 1628 the Pienzenauer fiefs were split up. After her death, half of Maria Euphrosina was again divided between her five children (Gottfried, Gottlieb, Genofa, Sabina, Catharina). The fiefdom received her father Hans Bernhard von Perlaching as fiefdom bearer on January 29, 1632. The portion of the Hofmark to which Gottlieb was entitled was handed over to his father in exchange for compensation. After the marriage of Genofa von Perlaching with Hans Georg von Hienheim, known as Elsenberger , the split up Hofmark was reunited. After his death, Gottfried von Perlaching was able to acquire the last remnant of the Hofmark. The Pienzenau heirs were also granted lower jurisdiction over the court makers Peterskirchen and Asenham.

In 1671, after the death of his father and brother Gottlieb , Johann Heinrich von Hienheim was given the Baumgarten mark by his owner Johann Vischer. He obtained the shares of his sisters through a comparison. However, he sold this property in 1673. The buyers were Gottfried Wilhelm Graf von Rheinstein and Tattenbach and his wife Maria Barbara, née Countess von Valley . This family remained in the possession of the Hofmark until 1821. Since the last of this family died childless, the property came to his nephew Maximilian Graf von Arco-Valley through a will . From 1821 to 1848 Baumgarten was in the hands of the Counts of Arco-Valley as patrimonial 2nd class. The castle is still owned by this family today.

Baumgarten Castle today

Baumgarten Castle then and now

A Baumgarten festival has been attested since the nobles of Baumgarten. The later sale to the Bavarian dukes in 1385 is also referred to as a festival. The Hofmark description from 1597 also shows that there was a brick castle (with a courtyard, a tavern, bakery, blacksmith and bath) in Baumgarten.

On the engraving by Michael Wening from 1721, two building complexes can be seen on the hill from Baumgarten: one includes a church (with an onion dome) and an attached two-storey building, which overall give a defensive impression. Next to it is the actual and multiply structured Baumgarten Castle. The components are two or three storeys high and surrounded by a wall. The retaining walls in the western part and two towers are striking. The castle is separated from the surrounding area by a moat.

Even today, Baumgarten Castle is an irregular, polygonal complex from the 16th century. The inner courtyard is equipped with arcades and a four-story tower. The circular wall with the castle bridge over the castle moat dates from the 16th and 17th centuries. Century. To the east of the castle entrance is the Catholic castle church St. Bartholomäus , which was built in 1796, with a small residential building. The castle economy, a large estate (two large hook-shaped brick wings with hipped roofs) with farm buildings from the 19th century, is still preserved. The castle park and the castle nursery are with an enclosure wall from the 18th / 19th century. Century. A bowl fountain dates from the 18th century. In front of the church there is a fountain that was built around 1650. Next to it is the former rectory with a hipped roof , from the second half of the 18th century.

Baumgarten Castle

literature

Ilse Louis: Parish churches. The nursing courts Reichenberg and Julbach and the rule Ering-Frauenstein. (= Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Old Bavaria, issue 31). Verlag Michael Laßleben, Munich 1973, ISBN 3-7696-9878-9 .
Heinrich Habel, Helga Himen: Monuments in Bavaria - ensembles, architectural monuments, archaeological site monuments: Volume II Lower Bavaria , publisher: Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, Munich, 1985

Web links

Commons : Baumgarten Castle (Dietersburg) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

48.49637 12.98928 440Coordinates: 48 ° 29 ′ 46.9 ″ N , 12 ° 59 ′ 21.4 ″ E