Castle Gern

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Schloss und Hofmark Gern after an engraving by Michael Wening from 1721

The Castle-be located in the same district of the Lower Bavarian town of Eggenfelden in Rottal-Inn (Gern 2).

Story of pleasure

The noble lords of Geren are proven in the Rottal and as rulers of Gern. From the 12th century they are known as nobiles , domini , salmen or as owners of milites ( knights ). Adalpert de Geren is referred to as the consobrinus (= cousin) of the Chuono de Megelingen in 1150 . A last Cunradus de Geren is mentioned on August 3, 1231 as a member of the ducal court. At that time, Gern was a count's domain, i. H. the jurisdiction also included the blood spell .

It is not known when Geren passed to the noble free from Luppurg . Presumably these were already mixed up with the Gerners in the 12th century and led u. U. the double name Lippurg-Geren. This is indicated by the fact that a Chunradus von Luppurg owned a miles named Diepold von Geren between 1177 and 1201 , on the other hand a Cunrad is documented among the noble free von Geren up to 1231 (see above). The nobilis Chunrad de Lukpurch sold the before April 19, 1260 castrum Geren with all Petinenzien the Lower Bavarian Duke Henry . Since then, the Wittelsbachers have been the overlords of Geren. As evidence can be taken that in 1353 the castle Geren was counted to the property of the Duke Stephen .

The Close in Gern are documented as fiefs of the Wittelsbach family . The noble feuds Kleinmünchen and Haunprechting in Schönau also belonged to the Gern rule . The Closens presumably received these extensive holdings (160 Closen fiefs are listed in the Rottal alone) as thanks for the support of the Bavarian dukes in the fight against the Archdiocese of Salzburg and the Habsburgs . A ducal judge in Geren has been proven since June 10, 1290. From December 26th 1315 an Alban Klosner zu Gern is notarized and the rule has since been referred to as Hofmark . Until the end of the Hofmark, the Closen remain the fief of Gern.

In 1560 and 1737 there is talk of a decided Hofmark zu Gern. In 1602 there was a princely liberation from Gern. On October 11, 1663, the ownership of Hanns Georg Freiherr von Closen zu Gern passed to his cousin Heinrich Freiherr von Closen zu Arnstorf zu Gern and Oberarnstorf . After the death of Georg Cajetan Freiherr von Closen zu Gern and Oberarnstorf († 1780), Gern came to his daughter Maria Anna, married Freiin von Ingenheim , who had made an inheritance settlement with her sister Maria Theresia, married Countess von Dachsberg. On May 27, 1801, Gern passed on to Anton Reichsgrad von Closen zu Unterarnstorf . The electoral knight's fief, Schloss zu Gern, with court march, fair and all honors , was allodified in 1855 . After the Closens with Karl Freiherr von Closen († 1856) died out, Gern went to his nephew, Hector Freiherr von Günderrode .

After the reorganization of the authorities in 1803, Gern became a first class patrimonial court (approval June 15, 1821), and Baron von Closen held the jurisdiction until 1848. Then Gern was slammed into the Eggenfelden district court . In the mighty late-Gothic building of the Oberwirt, Carl Ferdinand von Closen opened an "Agricultural Educational Institution" in 1825, the world's first agricultural school. A pottery, a factory and a silk spinning mill were also located here. In the great fire on February 21, 1831, the building of the agricultural school was badly damaged, which still has remarkable vaults inside.

  • "Old Castle" Gladly, own rest of the "New Castle" that burned down in 1921

  • Mauer Schlosspark Gern

  • Outdoor stage ( Theatron ) in the palace gardens

  • Construction of the "New Castle"

Schloss Gern then and now

After the engraving by Michael Wening in 1721, there was a mighty three-storey, four-wing moated castle in the east of the church in Gern . Smaller towers can be seen at the corners, a crenellated tower stands on one side ; a similar one stands at the bridge that spans the moat from the church in Gern. The Rott can be seen next to it. The complex gives a defensive impression. The church of Gern and the farm buildings next to it are also enclosed by a moat; these too could only be reached via a bridge. The "Old Castle" at Gern (which was destroyed by the Swedes in 1648 in the Thirty Years' War , but then rebuilt) was destroyed in 1742 in the War of the Austrian Succession .

The "New Castle" built thereupon was located on the western edge of Gern at the end of the castle park; At this point, a summer residence can already be seen on the Wening engraving, which was then expanded into the “New Castle”. This “New Castle” burned down in 1921, and there is still a remains of a castle with a gable -roofed, curved gable and a square building with a tent roof . This is followed by the newly built "New Castle". The walled castle park is completely preserved. It is worth mentioning a stone monument in the park in memory of Ludwig von Closen with a bust and reliefs. There is also an open-air stage (the so-called Theatron ) in the park , which was built by the city of Eggenfelden on the former tennis court in the castle park and offers space for 400 people.

  • Chapel at the foot of the castle hill of Gern

  • Ensemble at the location of the "Old Castle" Gern

  • New building (Hofmark 50) at the location of the "Old Castle" Gern

  • Moat between the church and the location of the "Old Castle" Gern

On the site of the “Old Castle” are the buildings of Hofmark 50, which were built in 1947 by Count von Lösch on the site of the castle ruins; this also includes a small chapel at the foot of the hill, which is surrounded by water and can only be reached via a bridge. In contrast, the moat, inside which the castle church stood, has been filled in. Inside the castle hill there are still extensive vaulted cellars, in which the beer produced in the castle brewery matured. The last owners of the Hofmark buildings were Guntram and Thomas Graf von Lösch . From these, the city of Eggenfelden bought the majority of the property in 1992 and set up several educational and cultural institutions (including the Eggenfelden music school in the old coach house, the former horse stable with its Bohemian vaults now houses art exhibitions, the Gothic box now serves as a cultural warehouse ).

The Hofmark Gern ensemble has largely been preserved in its original condition, even if a lot of renovation work still needs to be done.

literature

  • Rita Lubos: The Eggenfelden district court. (= Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Altbayern issue 28). Commission for Bavarian History, Verlag Michael Lassleben, Munich 1971, ISBN 3-7696-9874-6 , pp. 50–52.

Web links

Commons : Schloss Gern  - Collection of images

Coordinates: 48 ° 23 ′ 56.3 "  N , 12 ° 46 ′ 26.4"  E