Schmiedefeld (Großharthau)
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Blacksmith field
commune Großharthau
Coordinates: 51 ° 5 ′ 6 ″ N , 14 ° 4 ′ 28 ″ E
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| Height : | 280 (260-295) m |
| Area : | 6.6 km² |
| Residents : | 413 (2011) |
| Population density : | 63 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1994 |
| Postal code : | 01909 |
| Area code : | 035954 |
 Schmiedefeld, view from Kapellenberg
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Schmiedefeld is a part of the community Großharthau in the district of Bautzen . Schmiedefeld has 413 inhabitants (as of May 2011) on an area of around 6.6 km² and was an independent municipality until it was incorporated in 1994.
geography
The Waldhufendorf Schmiedefeld is located south of the federal highway 6 from Dresden to Bautzen . The district road 7264 leads to the Großharthau district of Seeligstadt. Schmiedefeld is served by two bus routes of the Verkehrsverbund Oberelbe (VVO) .
Neighboring towns and regions
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Seeligstadt , Arnsdorf |
Mass egg | Großharthau |
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Butterfly wood , Fischbach |
.svg)
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Bühlau |
| Wilschdorf |
Rennersdorf-Neudörfel , Stolpen |
Lauterbach |
history
The first documented mention of Schmiedefeld under the name Smydivelt comes from the year 1221. The place name has changed several times over the centuries, for example the spellings Smidefelt (1222), Smedevelt (1262), Smydevelt (1354), Schmydefelt (1538) and Schmiedefeldt (1559) are known. The place name refers to a field blacksmith's shop , which was located near today's Bundesstraße 6, roughly at the location of the former “ Dürrer Fuchs ” inn .
Thanks to the historical long-distance connection road from Hamburg to Breslau , which is close by , Schmiedefeld has always been a point of contact for travelers and merchants since the Middle Ages. From 1727 there was a post office in the village. Up to the opening of the Görlitz – Dresden railway line in 1846, up to 80 horses were stationed in the Schmiedefeld post office. Many of the travelers stopped at the Erbgericht, Dürren Fuchs or the Postgut itself.
During the spring campaign of 1813 there was heavy fighting between Russian and French troops in Schmiedefeld. The Russians shot at the French stationed in the village from Kapellenberg; on May 12, 1813, in a major fire, almost all buildings, including the church, the court, the school and the post office, fell victim to the fighting. After the peace congress in Prague ended without an agreement, there were again armed conflicts in the place. In addition, the forge fields had to accommodate troops and equipment of the Napoleonic armed forces. The following billeting in Schmiedefeld is documented for 1813:
“Four divisional and 10 brigade generals, 32 colonels, 28 lieutenant colonels, 49 majors, 387 senior officers, 468 first class sub-officers, 33,884 second class sub-officers, common, 5,387 horses, for which just as much Rations had to be procured, 213 tension horses. "
By the end of 1813, the remaining buildings were largely destroyed by the soldiers. Of 143 buildings in Schmiedefeld at the beginning of 1813, only three were still habitable in 1814, and most of the residents had fled. Only after the troops had withdrawn did the residents return to Schmiedefeld and rebuild the village.
According to legend, various treasures from wartime are buried in and around Schmiedefeld, which their owners hid for fear of plundering soldiers. During excavation work in the cellar of a residential building in 1898, for example, a vessel with 160 Prussian, Electoral Saxon and Austrian silver coins from the years 1750 to 1812, including five speciestalers , was found.
Schmiedefeld was part of the Stolpen office until 1875 . After that, the Pirna administration took over until the town was incorporated into the Bischofswerda district in 1952 . Schmiedefeld has been part of the Bautzen district since 1994.
church
A church in Schmiedefeld was first mentioned in 1354. Today's St. Michaelis Church was consecrated in October 1818 after the previous building was destroyed during the Wars of Liberation in May 1813. In the church there is an organ by Christian Gottfried Herbrig from 1821, it is a station on Herbrig-Orgelstraße.
Population development
In 1559 in Schmiedefeld 29 were obsessed men , 16 cottagers , nine housemates and 25¾ hooves counted in 1764 is recorded 28 obsessive men, 14 gardeners, cottagers and nine 25¼ hooves.
| year | 1834 | 1871 | 1890 | 1910 | 1925 | 1939 | 1946 | 1950 | 1964 | 1990 | 2001 | 2011 |
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| Residents | 473 | 520 | 578 | 617 | 639 | 631 | 771 | 764 | 679 | 459 | 455 | 413 |
nature and environment
The Wesenitz , a tributary of the Elbe, runs in the southeast of the village, coming from Großharthau . A pond on the course of the river between Bühlau and Schmiedefeld is protected as a natural monument. The disk mill , one of numerous former watermills in the Wesenitztal, was located in Schmiedefeld. In addition, the Schmiedefelder Bach (also called "Schmiedefelder Wasser") flows into the Wesenitz in the south of the village. To the northeast of the town is the 323 meter high Kapellenberg , on which a quarry was operated until the 20th century. To the west of Schmiedefeld is the area of forest named “ Butterholz” , to the north is the Massenei landscape protection area .
Clubs and events
The culture and sports club Schmiedefeld was founded in 1992 and regularly organizes various events such as football tournaments, carnival celebrations, senior events or midsummer bonfires in town. Since the late 1990s there has been a dog adventure park with a boarding house in Schmiedefeld. The dog sports club “Pfotenfreunde” has existed since 2012 and runs the “Pfotenschulzentrum Schmiedefeld” together with the “Pfotentrainer” dog school. The small animal breeders' association “Schmiedefeld und Umgebung” was founded in the village as early as 1948.
Personalities
- Max Curt Bille (born August 22, 1884 in Schmiedefeld, † June 16, 1961 in Oppach), puppet player
literature
- To Stolpen and Neustadt (= values of our homeland . Volume 17). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1970, p. 29.
- Blacksmith field . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 10th volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1823, p. 416 f.
- Friedrich Bernhard Störzner: A picture from Schmiedefeld's past . In: What the Heimat tells. Legends, historical images and memorable events from Saxony. Verlag Arwed Strauch, Leipzig 1904, p. 166–173 ( What the homeland tells on Wikisource ).
Web links
- Schmiedefeld on the website of the community Großharthau
- Schmiedefeld in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
Individual evidence
- ↑ Schmiedefeld. Großharthau community, accessed on July 5, 2016 .
- ↑ Small-scale municipality sheet for Großharthau. (PDF; 235 KB) State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony , January 1, 2014, accessed on July 5, 2016 .
- ↑ Contemporary history: Napoleon's troops on the run / Schmiedefeld burns down / Frankenthal suffered particular hardship / Those who had fled did not see their homeland again. Four-part series, published in the Sächsische Zeitung 2003 ( online ).
- ^ Friedrich Bernhard Störzner: The treasure found in Schmiedefeld . In: What the Heimat tells. Legends, historical images and memorable events from Saxony. Verlag Arwed Strauch, Leipzig 1904, p. 174 f .
- ↑ Resolutions 2015. Großharthau municipal council, February 3, 2016, accessed on July 5, 2016 (see resolution no. 105/11/2015).
- ^ Dorothee Carls: Max Curt Bille. In: Saxon Biography. June 26, 2006, accessed July 5, 2016 .