Seeligstadt (Großharthau)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Seeligstadt
commune Großharthau
Coordinates: 51 ° 6 ′ 0 ″  N , 14 ° 2 ′ 20 ″  E
Height : 265 m above sea level NN
Area : 16.49 km²
Residents : 777  (May 9, 2011)
Population density : 47 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : March 1, 1994
Postal code : 01909
Area code : 035200

Seeligstadt is a district of the Saxon community Großharthau in the southwest of the Bautzen district .

geography

Map section from the 18th century with Seeligstadt between Massenei and Karswald .

Seeligstadt is a two-row forest hoof village about two kilometers long on both sides of the Schwarzer Röder . The long strips of fields that begin behind the farmsteads and extend south and north are still visible today from the highest elevation of the village, the 295 meter high Schenkenberg. In the west the corridor area is bounded by the Ortgrundbach, in the north by the Massenei , in the east by the Massenei and the Pfarr- and Herrenbusch and in the south by the Seifenbach.

The railway line Dresden-Görlitz leads since 21 December 1845 on the southern corridor area right on the spot over. The nearest train stations are - around five kilometers away - to the west in Arnsdorf and to the east in Großharthau .

Surrounding villages are Großharthau in the east, Schmiedefeld in the southeast, Fischbach in the southwest and Arnsdorf in the west.

history

In 1882 a bronze find was uncovered in the Seeligstädter Flur. The box found west of the intersection of the Seeligstadt – Schmiedefeld road and the Dresden – Bischofswerda railway line at the end of the town contained a younger Bohemian heel ax, fragments of three sickle buttons, two twisted foot rings, the remainder of a thin arm ring and three pieces of raw metal. The age of this deposit is estimated to be around 3000 years. Presumably it comes from a Bronze Age trader who crossed the local forest area and buried these values. However, there is no evidence of a prehistoric settlement for the upper reaches of the Schwarzen Röder. It can be assumed that Seeligstadt, like many other places in the area, was founded in the second half of the 12th century by Frankish colonists, who were assigned new settlement land in the wooded area east of the Elbe.

Origin of name

The origin of the place name Seeligstadt cannot be documented. A tradition is also reproduced in Saxony's church gallery from 1841. According to this, a burial chapel is said to have been located at the Schwarzen Röder, which was built to commemorate the victims of the "Black Death" at the plague cemetery . It is said to have been called "place of the blessed" or "place of the blessed". When settlers settled here, they are said to have called the place "Seligenstätt", which later became "Seeligstadt". This genesis is unlikely, however, as the people avoided plague cemeteries and would hardly have chosen them as a settlement area. The church gallery also mentions 1630 as the year it was founded. But it is unlikely that the place was founded during the turmoil of the Thirty Years War . In fact, the earliest known mention of the place can be found in 1228 in the Upper Lusatian border document as a act of blessing , according to which it belonged to the Episcopal Meissnian Burgward Godowe (Göda). The place is also mentioned in a document from the year 1262, when Hugo von Wolkenstein made a claim to the village of "Seleginsstadt" from the Bishop of Meißen.

Another tradition leads the place name back to the name of its locator "Selingo". Selingo is said to have been the founder of the settlement, whose name is just as unknown as the year the village was founded. Nevertheless, the Stolpener Erbkaufbuch from 1559 names a farmer Selingo. Many place names in the area also go back to their founders, such as Arnsdorf , Cunnersdorf , Friedersdorf , Geißmannsdorf , Großröhrsdorf , Seifersdorf and Weickersdorf . Seeligstadt is the "place of Selingo", the "Selingo site", "Seligstätt", "Seeligstadt".

The place name can also be traced back to Sal pastures, which are said to have once stood on the banks of the Black Röder. The place names of Bretnig (Breiteneichigt, wide oak forest), Fischbach (fish-rich brook) and Ohorn (from maple trees or the Sorbian “O hora” , on the mountains) can be traced back to peculiarities of the landscape.

Another possibility of the origin of the name lies in the origin of the colonists . They came from Main Franconia , Thuringia and Lower Saxony and could have lived there in villages whose names they also gave to the places where they settled. The place names Frankenthal and Goldbach can also be found there. The spelling of the place name was subject to major changes. Evidence can be found among others of Selingenstat , Saeliginstat (1241), Seleginstat (1262), Seligstad (1413), Seeligstadt , Sehligstadt (1559), Sellichstadt (1588) and Seeligstadt (1698).

The linguists Ernst Eichler and Hans Walther interpreted the spelling of the year 1241 Seli (n) genstat , from Middle High German saelec, -ic = happy, blissful, as "place at the lucky spot". A spiritual-ecclesiastical relationship between the place name and the Bishop of Meißen , who, as the owner of Stolpen and the landlord of Seeligstadt, could also have been the founder of the village, cannot be proven.

development

From the floor plan of the place and the almost constant number of farms over the centuries, two dozen Franconian colonists can be deduced. On the strip of land allocated to them, they initially only erected roughly joined, reed-roofed log houses, the simple corner connections of which were later replaced by vertical supports that gave the buildings better support. The locator received two strips of land and was the largest landowner, administrator and judge of the village. In addition, he had the liquor license, so that the heir (lehn) court was also a pub .

The inheritance book of the Stolpen office records 25 possessed men (= farmers) and one hereditary gardener for the year 1559 . They performed numerous labor services for the office and the Rennersdorf chamber property . In addition to working in the fields on the office's own land, they also had to transport wood, grain and fish and were obliged to transport wine from Naundorf and Zitzschewig to Stolpen . When hunting, they had to haul the necessary nets and perform driver services. Two foresters are also named who had to supervise the mass egg. A hoof of land was part of the forest estate .

For the year 1510/1511 already two are for Seeligstadt free goods listed that were around 1840 royal property.

The number of cottages in the place from 31 in 1764 has more than doubled by the 1860s with 66 cottagers. In his chronicle of 1869 Friedrich Ehregott Praßer also tells of eight linen weavers who hired themselves as day laborers in the summer, some bricklayers and carpenters, two shoemakers, three tailors, a baker and a bank butcher . He also names two blacksmiths and carpenters, two mills and two inns.

Seeligstädter Church around 1840
Church 2011

The church is one of the oldest village churches in Upper Lusatia. Originally perhaps just a burial chapel , it was a branch church of Schmiedefeld until 1559 , then a branch church of Fischbach until 1928 and since then of Schmiedefeld again. Today the church of the Martin Luther parish of Seeligstadt is a sister church of Großharthau.

The presumably first school building in Seeligstadt was inaugurated in 1863 opposite the church. As early as 1883 it had to be replaced by a new one because it was dilapidated. The original two classrooms were later supplemented by two more classrooms, which until 1975 housed classes 1 to 4 with students from Seeligstadt and Schmiedefeld. Afterwards the children went to school in Schmiedefeld.

In 1954 a kindergarten and crèche were created in a modernized farmhouse. The Daycare Daisy is now in a new building in place of the former kindergarten or school land home.

In 1959, a gymnasium was built not far from the kindergarten in the National Reconstruction Plant . The Werner Seelenbinder sports field followed later . The old sports field is now used as a carp pond in summer and as a natural ice rink in winter.

Administrative affiliation

Until the administrative reform of 1952 , the place belonged to the Pirna district . On September 1, 1952, he was incorporated into the newly formed Bischofswerda district. Shortly before the Saxon district reform in August 1994, Seeligstadt was incorporated into Großharthau on March 1st of that year ; three months earlier, the southeastern municipalities of Bühlau and Schmiedefeld also took this step. As a result of the dissolution of the district of Bischofswerda , the community of Großharthau became part of the enlarged district of Bautzen , which was added to the once again enlarged district of Bautzen in 2008.

Personalities

Evidence and further literature

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Small-scale municipality sheet for Großharthau. (PDF; 0.23 MB) State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony , September 2014, accessed on February 9, 2015 .
  2. ↑ Seeligstadt, in: Lausitzer Bergland around Pulsnitz and Bischofswerda (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 40). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1983, pp. 136-138.
  3. ↑ Note: Martin Burkhardt writes in his home book on page 10 of “a bronze ax, two twisted arm rings, two bronze sickles, two bronze remnants and two castings”.
  4. ↑ The Seeligstadt branch . In: Saxony's Church Gallery . The Grossenhain, Radeberg and Bischofswerda inspections. Herrmann Schmidt, Dresden 1841, p.  64 ( digitized version of the SLUB Dresden [accessed on September 7, 2010]).
  5. ↑ Martin Burkhardt : The home book of the community of Seeligstadt . VEB Buchdruckerei Radeberg, Radeberg 1954, p.  13 .
  6. ^ Alfred Meiche : The Upper Lusatian border document from 1241 and the Burgwarde Ostrusna, Trebista and Godobi . In: New Lusatian Magazine . Volume 84, 1908, pp. 145-251
  7. ↑ Martin Burkhardt : The home book of the community of Seeligstadt . VEB Buchdruckerei Radeberg, Radeberg 1954, p.  16 f .
  8. ↑ Seeligstadt in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  9. ^ Ernst Eichler , Hans Walther : Ortnamesbuch der Oberlausitz . I. Name book (=  German-Slavic research on naming and settlement history . No.  28 ). Berlin 1975.
  10. ↑ The Martin Luther Church Seeligstadt (PDF; 484 kB), grossharthau.de

literature

  • Münzverein Bischofswerda eV (Ed.): 780 years of Seeligstadt (=  stories about Bischofswerda . No. 44 (?) ). Münzverein Bischofswerda, Bischofswerda 2008.
  • Municipal administration Großharthau (Ed.): Information brochure of the municipalities Großharthau, Bühlau, Schmiedefeld, Seeligstadt . K & L Saxons. Advertising agency, Dresden 1996 (information brochure).
  • Seeligstadt, in: Lausitzer Bergland around Pulsnitz and Bischofswerda (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 40). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1983, pp. 136-138.
  • Martin Burkhardt : The home book of the community of Seeligstadt . VEB Buchdruckerei Radeberg, Radeberg 1954.
  • Martin Burkhardt , Otto Odrich: Local history of Seeligstadt . Großröhrsdorf 1937.
  • Gustav Sommerfeldt : Forays through the Rödertal . History and folk custom; with images from Seeligstadt, Kleinwolmsdorf and the Träbergut in Arnsdorf. Pfeil, Radeberg 1925.
  • Johann Georg Köttschau: The parish Fischbach with Seeligstadt: Seeligstadt . In: New Saxon Church Gallery . The Ephorie Pirna. Arwed Strauch, Leipzig 1904, Sp. 550–554 ( digitized version of the SLUB Dresden [accessed on September 7, 2010]).
  • Richard Steche : Seeligstadt. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 1. Booklet: Official Authority Pirna . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1882, p. 81.
  • The Seeligstadt branch . In: Saxony's Church Gallery . The Grossenhain, Radeberg and Bischofswerda inspections. Herrmann Schmidt, Dresden 1841, p. 64 ( digitized version of the SLUB Dresden [accessed on September 7, 2010]).
  • Seeligstadt . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 11th volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1824, p. 43.

Web links

Commons : Seeligstadt  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Seeligstadt  - Sources and full texts