Beak sedge
Beak sedge | ||||||||||||
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Beaked sedge ( Carex rostrata ) |
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Carex rostrata | ||||||||||||
Stokes |
The beak-sedge ( Carex rostrata ) is a species of the genus Seggen ( Carex ) within the sour grass family (Cyperaceae). It is widespread in the northern hemisphere .
description
The beak sedge is a hibernating green, perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 25 to 80, sometimes 100 centimeters. It forms clumps . The stalks are bluntly triangular at the top, but almost round at the bottom. The narrow, simply folded, gray-green leaves are only 3 or 4 mm wide and have a triangular tip. The red-brown sheaths are not clearly fibrous. The bare leaf blades have characteristic stomata ( stomata ) on the upper side of the leaf (epistomatic), so this appears slightly shiny.
The flowering period extends from June to July. The bracts of the female spikelets are short sheathed. The female spikelets sit two to five in the upper half of the stem. They have a short stalk, are four times as long as they are wide and are topped by one to four male ears. The egg-shaped, inflated, suddenly narrowed into the beak, also yellow-green colored tubes at maturity stand out almost horizontally and are much longer than the blunt, red-brown husks . They are bald and 4 to 6 mm long and have two splaying beak teeth. They always enclose three scars .
The chromosome number of the species is 2n = 72-74, 76 or approx. 60.
ecology
The beak sedge is a helomorphic hydrophyte and hemicryptophyte . The vegetative reproduction takes place via long runners ( rhizomes ).
The pollination is carried by the wind ( anemophily ). The floating diaspores are spread out by the water ( hydrochory ).
Occurrence
The beaked sedge is common from Europe to the western Himalayas and from subarctic North America to the northern United States. It occurs in almost all of Germany. However, it is less common in the Central German Plain.
It is a common sedge species found in wetlands . It usually grows on the edges of oligo- to mesotrophic lakes , where it often forms large sedge beds with few species . It can also be found in reed beds , in moors , swamp forests and on slow-flowing streams. In Central Europe it occurs primarily in societies of the Caricion-lasiocarpae association, but also in those of the Scheuchzerio-Caricetea class, the Magnocaricion class and in those of the Phragmitetea class.
In the Allgäu Alps, it rises at the Hochalpsee on the Widderstein in the Kleiner Walsertal up to 1960 m above sea level.
Systematics
One can differentiate between the following varieties:
- Carex rostrata var. Ambigens Fernald : It occurs in eastern Canada.
- Carex rostrata var. Rostrata : It occurs from Europe to the western Himalayas and from subarctic North America to the northern United States.
Common names
The name Sacher is also used as a common name for Carinthia .
literature
- Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (= The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c beak-sedge. In: FloraWeb.de.
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 .
- ↑ a b c d Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Carex rostrata. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 24, 2016.
- ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 281.
- ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, p. 82 ( online ).
Web links
- Beak sedge. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Beak sedge . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Carex rostrata Stokes In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora .
- Distribution in the northern hemisphere from: Eric Hultén, Magnus Fries: Atlas of North European vascular plants. 1986, ISBN 3-87429-263-0 at Den virtuella floran. (swed.)
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )