Schottel rudder propeller
The Schottel rudder propeller ( SRP for short ) is a drive for watercraft in which maneuverability is more important than the efficiency of the drive. Examples are tugs , ferries and amphibious vehicles . The drive was developed and patented in the 1950s by Josef Becker, the founder of the Schottel shipyard (later Schottel GmbH), as the first system of this design. In 2004 Josef Becker was posthumously awarded the Elmer A. Sperry Award for the development of the Schottel rudder propeller . Schottel rudder propellers are manufactured in various sizes and designs for outputs between 150 and 4,500 kW.
Other manufacturers of rudder propeller systems are Wärtsilä Lips ( Drunen , Netherlands), Rolls-Royce Marine ( Ulsteinvik , Norway), Kawasaki ( Kobe , Japan), Steerprop ( Rauma , Finland), Thrustmaster of Texas ( Houston , USA) and Flowserve / Pleuger ( Hamburg , Germany) or ZF (Krimpen aan de Lek, Netherlands).
In inland shipping in the GDR, the systems of comparable design called Z-drives were used since the mid-1950s, initially in order to be able to convert non-powered barges into self-propelled boats (motor ships) with little effort.
Function and structure
The main property of the Schottel rudder propeller is the combination of drive and control in one unit. Since the propeller thrust can be aligned as required by swiveling the nacelle through 360 °, a conventional rudder blade is no longer necessary. In addition, the drive power is available in every nacelle position.
A Schottel rudder propeller usually consists of the following main components:
- Installation flange (also known as "well cover" or "well cover")
- Upper water gear ( 90 ° bevel gear )
- Control drive
- Support tube
- Head tube
- Connecting shaft
- Propeller nacelle with underwater gear ( 90 ° bevel gear )
- Propeller, optionally adjustable and / or with Kort nozzle
In the conventional inboard installation, as it is implemented, for example, in tugs, a rudder propeller system is installed in a round shaft, the so-called "well". This is covered with the mounting flange, which carries the upper water gear, the control drives and various additional assemblies (sensors for rudder position indicators ). The external support tube mounted below the mounting flange surrounds the internal control tube, which can be rotated around the vertical axis and on which the propeller pod is mounted. Depending on the size, the support and control tube can also be designed as a single component. The mechanical connection between the upper and lower water gears in the propeller pod is established via a connecting shaft that runs through the control tube.
The power flow from the drive motor usually runs horizontally to the headwater gearbox via the coupling and cardan shaft . In this the torque is deflected downwards by 90 ° and runs over the connecting shaft to the underwater gear. Here the power flow is again deflected by 90 ° and transferred to the horizontally positioned propeller shaft. Shaft sealing rings prevent the ingress of water and the escape of lubricating oil. This force profile is called a Z-drive . If the headwater gear is omitted and an electric motor is installed directly, the Schottel rudder propeller can also be designed as an L-drive ("Schottel Combi Drive" SCD). The propeller can be installed as a pulling or pushing propeller. Depending on the drive motor used, both fixed and variable pitch propellers can be used.
Effected the pivoting of the propeller pod around the vertical axis and thus the steering of the vehicle either via mechanism (roller chain waves) or by means of electro - or hydraulic - gearmotors , which spur gears acting on the head tube.
Installation examples (selection)
| Construction year | Surname | product | power | Client / owner / operator | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1986 | Saipem 7000 | 4 × SRP 4500 | 4 × 4,500 kW (total 18,000 kW) |
 Micoperi Srl / Saipem SpA
|
Floating crane , largest SRP unit on delivery |
| 1997 | Neuwerk | 2 × SRP 3030 | 2 × 2,900 kW (total 5,800 kW) |
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|
Multipurpose ship |
| 1999 | Fair play 25 | 2 × SRP 1515 CPP | 2 × 2,025 kW (total 4,050 kW) |
 Fairplay Reederei GmbH
|
ASD tractor ( bollard pull : 65 t) |
| 2000 | RT Magic | 3 × SRP 1212 CPP | 3 × 1,560 kW (total 4,680 kW) |
 KOTUG
|
“Rotor” tug (bollard pull: 75 t) “Ship of the year 2000” in the Netherlands |
| 2001 | FSPO Schiehallion | 2 × SRP 1212 LSU | 2 × 1,500 kW (total 3,000 kW) |
 BP exploration
|
Special ship for the offshore oil industry |
| 2006 | Luz de Mar | 2 × SRP 3040 CPP | 2 × 3,840 kW (total 7,680 kW) |
 Sociedad de Salvamento y Seguridad Marítima (SASEMAR)
|
Recovery tug (bollard pull: 128.5 t) |
| 2006 | Hugh R. Sharp | 2 × SRP 330 | 2 × 483 kW (total 970 kW) |
 University of Delaware
|
Research ship for coastal waters |
| 2007 | City of Innsbruck | 2 × SRP 170 | 2 × 294 kW (total 588 kW) |
 Achensee Schiffahrt GmbH
|
Passenger ship (Achensee) |
| 2007 | Poseidon | 1 × SRP 110 | 1 × 200 kW |
Stern und Kreisschiffahrt GmbH
|
Passenger Ship (Berlin) |
| 2010 | Überlingen | 2 × STP 330 | 2 × 386 kW (total 772 kW) |
Lake Constance shipping operations
|
Passenger ship (Lake Constance) |
See also
Web links
- Schottel GmbH : SRP rudder propeller. Retrieved August 28, 2012 .
- Schottel GmbH : SRP Rudder Propeller - Technical Data. Retrieved August 28, 2012 .
- Schottel GmbH : Computer animation of the Schottel rudder propeller. Retrieved August 28, 2012 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Schottel GmbH: American engineering associations honor the invention of the rudder propeller. Retrieved August 28, 2011 .
- ↑ Ship type stern drives. Retrieved November 27, 2018 .
- ↑ Schottel GmbH: Schottel Rudderpropeller - The superior propulsion system . ( Online brochure PDF).
- ^ Schottel GmbH: SCD Combi Drive. Retrieved August 28, 2011 .