Black Earth (Freisen)

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Black earths
Freisen municipality
Coat of arms of the former municipality of Schwarzerden
Coordinates: 49 ° 32 ′ 2 "  N , 7 ° 17 ′ 3"  E
Height : 373 m
Area : 2.94 km²
Residents : 475  (December 8, 2011)
Population density : 162 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 1974
Postal code : 66629
Area code : 06855

Schwarzerden is a district (municipality) of the municipality of Freisen in the district of St. Wendel in Saarland on the border with Rhineland-Palatinate . Until the end of 1973, Schwarzerden was an independent municipality.

geography

The construction of the railway line through the Ostertal ( Ostertalbahn ), which flowed into the Westrichbahn near Schwarzerden , probably contributed to the fact that the village on the border with Rhineland-Palatinate is often still viewed as part of the Ostertal. But this is not the case. Black earth is separated from the Oster valley by a crossbar made of red sandstone . This ridge is also a watershed and ensures that the water flowing off on the black earth side is fed to the Glan and thus black earth is geographically part of the Glan valley.

history

The place was first mentioned in 1367. The place was a fiefdom of Count Heinrich von Veldenz.

In the 2nd century AD, Roman soldiers established a small garrison here on the road from Metz to Mainz. In addition to legionaries, merchants and craftsmen also settled here. The extent of the Roman black earth is likely to have roughly corresponded to the location of the 1950s. In 1949, when building the customs houses a. a. also found the foundations of a Roman house with underfloor heating ( hypocaust ).

As part of the Saarland territorial and administrative reform , the previously independent community of Schwarzerden was assigned to the then newly formed community of Freisen on January 1, 1974.

politics

Distribution of seats in the local council

Mayor

  • Ernst Later (SPD) since November 1997

Local council

  • 9 seats (SPD 5, CDU 4)

Economy and Infrastructure

At the Schwarzerden train station

Industriewerke Saar GmbH (IWS) with almost 500 employees is the largest employer in the community of Schwarzerden . IWS was founded in 1963 as Auto Union Saar GmbH and is now part of the Nuremberg Diehl Group. The IWS area was partly built on the former railway line of the Westrichbahn Schwarzerden - Kusel . The Ostertalbahn begins in the Schwarzerden train station immediately adjacent to the factory premises . The IWS company still has a siding with three tracks on the factory premises.

Black earth youth center

The Schwarzerden youth center uses a former railway workers' building from the 1930s. This building was used in the 1960s as a training workshop for Industriewerke Saar GmbH and in 1996 it was converted into a youth club as the “old training workshop”. In the period from May to August 2007, the Mithrasjugend Schwarzerden renovated the youth club.

Mithraeum black earths

Relic Mithras relief

On the north side of the former Roman settlement, on today's Reichweiler district, a temple complex ( Mithraeum ) was built in the 3rd century AD , a sanctuary dedicated to the sun and light god Mithras . Only the rock statue remains from the original complex. The red sandstone rock formed the back wall of the temple. The rectangular openings in the beam supports are still clearly visible. In the last century, a porch with a protective grille was built to protect the rock relief.

The central Mithras motif of the bull killing ( tauroctony ), flanked by the torchbearers Cautes with the torch upwards and Cautopates with the torch downwards (symbolizing sunrise and sunset), is only rudimentarily recognizable on the heavily damaged relief . Crossed torches can also be found in the coat of arms of Black Earth.

The Mithraeum is located in Rhineland-Palatinate territory; access to it by a small pond and the documentation boards on site, however, was designed by the Saarland community of Freisen. It is also an intermediate stage of the Fritz-Wunderlich bike and hiking trail .

literature

  • Fred Oberhauser: Das Saarland, DuMont art travel guide, 4th edition Cologne 1995, p. 252 f.
  • Daniel Hinkelmann: The Mithras monument between Reichweiler and Schwarzerden in the Kusel district, ed. from the district administration Kusel, 2nd edition 1976 with further references

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The municipality of Freisen in numbers at www.freisen.de
  2. ↑ Restructuring Act - NGG of December 19, 1973, § 45, published in the Saarland Official Gazette 1973, No. 48, p. 857 (PDF page 29; 499 kB)
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 809 .