Black Forest glass

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Two measuring jugs presumably from the Waldshut Capuchin Monastery , Äule glassworks around 1700, glass with manganese color and glass grate.

As Black Forest glass or Black Forest glass from is called glass products made from the Black Forest come, preferably so that historical glassware are meant in particular hollow glass . In 1363 it was called Walt glas in Schaffhausen , in contrast to Venetian glass . There is a modern glassworks with glassmakers and 2 gas-powered glass furnaces in the Black Forest ( Dorotheenhütte ) that make glass. There are some glassblowers in the Black Forest. Forest glassworks existed not only in the Black Forest and their products are generally referred to as forest glass .

history

Glass production has a long tradition in the Black Forest. It is already mentioned in the 12th century: Glassworks near Rickenbach in 1257 and near Bergalingen in 1303. Further glassworks in the southern Black Forest and Hotzenwald were built near the St. Blasien monastery where the place name Altglashütten und Glashütte (Bonndorf in the Black Forest) still testifies to the old glassmaking trade. The normally greenish forest glass could be prevented early by adding pyrolusite . Pyrolusite is part of the brown stone that was mined in pits in the middle Black Forest near Eisenbach (Upper Black Forest) , so white glass could also be produced here.

In the northern Black Forest a glassworks is mentioned near Göttelfingen in the 12th century, the name Glashäuserwald (Glasehusen) still testifies to it. Another old glassworks existed at the Schöllkopf near Freudenstadt (1448). Numerous former glassworks locations are known in the northern Black Forest, for example near Achern (1885), Albtal (1707 owned by the Frauenalb monastery ), Baiertheim near Karlsruhe (1806), Buhlbach (1758), Ettlingen (1650), Gaggenau , (founded by Anton Rindenschwender here also an engraving hut ), near Herrenalb , (1704) Herrenwies (1732), Lauf (1623), Mittelberg (1698), Moosbronn (1626), Schönmünzach (1733), Wittlensweiler (1521), Mitteleck Nordrach (1695).

The glassworks were dependent on a lot of wood, so it was preferred to build them in the middle of large forests. Woodcutters prepared the wood and charcoalers charred it to charcoal in piles. The occurrence of quartz sands was important. Whenever the forest was used up, a new piece of forest was cleared. At Blasiwald the glass settlement Muchenland (1597–1622) and Althütte (1622–1646). In 1716 the glassmakers moved from Blasiwald to Äule where the glassworks existed until 1878. Glassworks also existed at Gersbach and Todtmoos , among others . The names of families, fields, waters and waters give important clues to the work of the former glassmakers: Glashof, Glasbächle, Glashalde, Glaserbühl, Glaserkopf, Glasbachtal . etc. As with the Black Forest clocks , they were sold far away. The glasses were bought or ordered by “publishers” and sold by glass carriers .

Flühli glass

In 1723, three brothers, Josef, Peter and Michael, sons of the glass master Samuel Siegwart and Anna Schmidt, moved from Windberg near St. Blasien from Daar to Flühli in Entlebuch and built a new glassworks here. There were glassworks in Entlebuch from 1400 onwards, and that at Röthenbach in the Emmental is definitely occupied. The glass produced at that time is known to collectors as Flühli glass . The descendants founded the Glasi Hergiswil .

Historic Black Forest glass

Historical glass from the Black Forest has been a sought-after collector's item since the 19th century and can almost only be admired in museums. There are beautiful collections in the Franciscan Museum in Villingen-Schwenningen, in the Augustinian Museum in Freiburg and in the Three -Country Museum .

Legends and fairy tales

The production of glass in remote forests, which was also subject to secrecy, gave birth to numerous legends. The best known is the fairy tale, The Cold Heart, told by Wilhelm Hauff .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Rudolf Metz, Geologische Landeskunde des Hotzenwalds, p. 609
  2. ↑ Heinz Horat, Flühli-Glas , 1986, p. 15

See also