Song Lizong
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| Sòng Lǐzōng ( 宋 理宗 ) | |
|---|---|
| Family name : | Zhào ( 趙 ) |
| First name : | Yún ( 昀 ) |
| Reign: | 1224 - 1264 |
| Era names : |
Bǎoqìng ( 寶慶 ) 1225 - 1227 Shàodìng ( 紹定 ) 1228 - 1233 |
Lizong ( Chinese 理宗 , Pinyin Lǐzōng ; * 1205 ; † 1264 ) was the 14th emperor of the Song Dynasty and thus the 5th emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty. He ruled over the Empire of China from 1224 to 1264.
During his reign, the Mongols succeeded in conquering the Jin Empire to the north in 1234 . Lizong left the practical state control to the chief chancellor Jia Sidao . He has been portrayed as the arch-villain in literature and historiography. The reason for this lies probably in his economic policy: tax evasion and high currency devaluation (paper money!), Plus the war against the Mongols, overwhelmed the state coffers.
In 1259 the Mongols forced the Southern Song to cede all land north of the Yangtze River . In 1263/64, Jia expropriated numerous landowners. This mainly affected larger goods, a third of which had to be forcibly sold to the state. Around a fifth of the country came into state hands.
But the Mongols, united under Kublai Khan , could not be stopped. They finally conquered all of China by 1279.
Lizong died childless and was succeeded on the throne by his nephew Duzong .
literature
- The Sung Period: Bureaucratic China (10th – 13th centuries). In: Herbert Franke , Rolf Wedding note : The Chinese Empire (= Fischer World History . Vol. 19). Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1968, pp. 187–222, here pp. 215 f.
Web links
- on the Song Dynasty: http://www.sino-liedtke.de/Chin__Geschichte/Song_Dynastie/song_dynastie.html
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Ningzong |
Emperor of China 1224–1264 |
Duzong |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Song Lizong |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Lizong; c = 理宗 (Chinese) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Emperor of China during the Song Dynasty |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1205 |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1264 |