Spahl

Spahl City of Geisa Coordinates: 50 ° 39 ′ 29 ″ N , 9 ° 54 ′ 42 ″ E
Height :	384 m
Residents :	386 (Jan. 1, 2015)
Incorporation :	March 25, 1994
Incorporated into:	Rockenstuhl
Postal code :	36419
Area code :	036967
	Location of Spahl in Geisa
	The Heile Schern (with fun museum) in the center of Spahl

Spahl is a district of the town of Geisa in the Wartburg district in Thuringia .

geography

The place Spahl belongs to the northern part of the Rhön , the Kuppenrhön , which is characterized by open landscapes and steep, wooded island mountains. Spahl is located in the southwest of the district, about 30 kilometers (as the crow flies) southwest of the district town of Bad Salzungen and about seven kilometers south of the core town of Geisa. Neighboring places in the west are the municipality of Nüsttal, which belongs to the district of Fulda, with the districts of Gotthardts, Oberaschenbach and Haselstein; in the north the district of Geismar ; in the east Apfelbach and in the south Reinhard and Ketten .

The individual farms Jakobshof ( location ) and Wassermannshof ( location ) belong to the place . The three medieval desert areas Kaltenbuch , Meritz and Wolferts also belong to the Spahler Flur . The former district of Reinhards forms the westernmost point of Thuringia, it was also the westernmost point of the GDR and the Warsaw Pact ( location ). 50.641916 9.9053250.65107 9.89121 50.641817 9.876745

The river Geisa and the associated spring stream Wenigengeis have their source in the corridor.

The geographic height of the place is 384 m above sea level. NN . The highest elevations in the Spahler Flur are the Rößberg ( 639.7 m above sea level ), the Pietzelstein ( 620.7 m above sea level ), the Sucheberg ( 583.4 m above sea level ), the Struthkopf ( 496.5 m) above sea level ) and the Spahlerberg ( 423.4 m above sea level ).

history

The area of the Rhön was also called Buchonia in the High Middle Ages . The mountainous landscape was evangelized in the west by Bonifatius (sphere of influence of the imperial monasteries Fulda and Hersfeld ) and in the south and east by Kilian ( diocese of Würzburg ), which is still remembered by numerous church foundations and field names.

The first mention of Spahl is dated to the period 814–817:

An addendum to the Codex Eberhardi of the Fulda monastery from the 12th century, documents an exchange of goods in the year 817. The document states that the abbot Ratgar left Ibstadt ( Ibistat ) on the Rhine to the Emperor Ludwig the Pious and the dairies ( villicationes ) Spahl ( Spanelo ), Geisa ( Geisaha ) and Vacha ( Vachhe ) received.

Other names were given as Spanlo (1116), Spanlau (1133), Spanlau (1135), Spahla (1271), Spale (1375), Spala (1397) and Spölle (1621).

A Fuldischer Ministeriale Berengot von Spahl is witness to a document from 1133. A noble family named itself after the place, which appears in 1271 von Spahla . The associated homestead or a castle complex in the village is no longer known.

Depiction of the murder of Fulda prince abbot Bertho II von Leibolz on March 18, 1271 during Holy Mass in the Jakobskapelle in Fulda (by C. Sonnetzer)

Since the 13th century, Spahl has been part of the Rockenstuhl Office of Fulda, which was only moved to the city of Geisa in the 17th century. The relationship between the Spahl knights and the Fulda clergy was not always unclouded: Eberhard von Spahl belonged to a group of conspirators who murdered Abbot Bertho II von Leibolz in the Abtsburg in 1271 . The group of 26 knights involved were then declared outlawed. The subsequent abbot Bertho III. von Mackenzell had the murderers tracked down, who were placed in the church in Kirchhasel and killed there.

In 1514, today's Spahler Church of St. Cyriakus was completed as a choir tower church, a stone inscription panel names the year and builder:

Anno Domini 1514 completum est praesens opus per me Veit Kampf .

The neighboring Tann dominion was a center of the Reformation in the 16th century . The religious struggles and social tensions raged in the upper Ulstertal around Geisa, with the Catholic side having the upper hand. From 1632 to 1634 Wilhelm V of Hessen-Kassel ruled the imperial monastery as Prince of Buchen . In the Peace of Prague in 1635, the imperial monastery was restituted. The numerous war damage in the Fulda area was repaired under Prince Abbot Joachim von Gravenegg (1644–1671).

The late Gothic structure of the Spahler Church was completed in 1724 with the addition of today's nave. At the same time, the interior was also renewed in a baroque style. In 1849 "Johann Adam Fladung" was buried in the Spahl cemetery next to the church. His mourners erected a monumental stone cross with the signs of the Passion of Christ in memory of the dead.

With the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803, the clerical principality and its monasteries were dissolved. The Fulda possessions went to Friedrich Wilhelm von Oranien-Nassau , until 1806 Napoleon I annexed the province of Fulda. In 1810 it became part of the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt . At the Congress of Vienna in 1815 the province was dissolved and after a year-long Prussian administration, the " Geisaer Ländchen " came to the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach .

Until March 24, 1994, Spahl was an independent municipality.

From March 25 to December 30, 2008, Spahl together with Geismar, Ketten, Reinhards, Walkes and Apfelbach formed the Rockenstuhl community . Since January 1, 2009, Spahl has been part of the Geisa community .

Culture and sights

Attractions

St Cyriac (2013)

Catholic village church of St. Cyriakus . The oldest part of the Spahl church is the tower from 1504, builder Vitus Kampf completed it in 1514. Today's nave was built between 1720 and 1724, and the spire with the two bulbs and the open, octagonal lantern also dates from this time. In 1728 the renovated church was consecrated. The church was redesigned again in the 1970s. It ended with the consecration of the new altar on November 3, 1974 by the then Erfurt bishop Hugo Aufderbeck . The last comprehensive renovation of the Catholic Church of St. Cyriakus was completed in 2010 and the ceremonial consecration was carried out by Fulda Bishop Heinz Josef Algermissen . The parish of Spahl belongs to the pastoral association of St. Elisabeth in the Ulster, Felda and Werra valleys, which also includes the Spahl branch parishes of St. Georg in Ketten, Apfelbach (without church), Reinhards (chapel of the Visitation of Mary) and Walkes (without church) .

A popular excursion destination is the “ Heile Schern ” festival and traditional barn with the 1st Rhön Fun Museum .

regional customs

Every year on the first weekend after All Saints' Day the fair and in August the Backhaus Festival is celebrated.

From June 15 to 18, 2017, the 1200th anniversary celebrations took place in the village for the first documentary mention.

Natural monuments

The Phonolithe cliff at Heiligen Hauk is only 400 meters from the village. It is a considerable geological testimony to the Rhön volcanism. The rock, already known in the Middle Ages as "Klingender Stein", probably gave rise to the field name Heiliger Hauk (Holy Hill). The special mineral composition of the rock was the reason to designate the approximately 500 m thick Phonolith-Härtling as a natural monument and thus to prevent possible mining by a quarry. From the lookout point with the summit cross you can see the location well.
The Pietzelstein is a nature reserve in the west of Spahl. The mountain is made of basalt that has been exposed to the elements in various places. On the north flank of the mountain you come across a 20 m high rock face with a columnar basalt . The columns have an edge length of up to 20 cm and were also popular as a building material. On the slope there are several rubble heaps with weathered basalt columns.

literature

Adelbert Schröter: Country by the road. The history of the Catholic parishes in the Thuringian Rhön. 3. Edition. St. Benno Verlag, Leipzig 1989, ISBN 3-7462-0430-5 .

Web links

Commons : Spahl - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ stadt-geisa.org/spahl
↑ ^a ^b ^c Official topographic maps of Thuringia 1: 10,000. Wartburgkreis, district of Gotha, district-free city of Eisenach . In: Thuringian Land Survey Office (Hrsg.): CD-ROM series Top10 . CD 2. Erfurt 1999.
^ Klaus Schmidt: The Wartburg district. Nature and landscape . In: Wartburgkreis (Ed.): Nature conservation in the Wartburgkreis . tape 7 . Printing and publishing house Frisch, Eisenach and Bad Salzungen 1999, p. 87 .
↑ Otto Dobencker (arr. And ed.): Regesta diplomatica necnon epistolaria historiae Thuringiae (approx. 500 - 1152) . tape 1 . Fischer, Jena 1896. No. 1184
↑ Johannes Schmidt: It happened at Christmas 1271. In: Schlitzer Bote. December 24, 2003, archived from the original on January 7, 2014 ; retrieved on May 6, 2012 : “Because of ongoing robberies that also started from this castle, the Fulda abbot Bertho II von Leibolz had the Ebersburg and other castles destroyed in 1270/71. Hermann von Ebersburg was captured and executed in Fulda. This harsh procedure outraged the knights and sparked a conspiracy. Under the leadership of Giso von Steinau they murdered the abbot in the castle chapel of Fulda, then fled to Steinau castle and from there devastated the Fulda area "
↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1994
↑ StBA Area: changes from 01.01. until December 31, 2008
^ ^A ^b Geyer, Jahne, Storch: Geological sights of the Wartburg district and the independent city of Eisenach . In: District Office Wartburgkreis, Lower Nature Conservation Authority (Hrsg.): Nature conservation in the Wartburgkreis . Booklet 8. Printing and publishing house Frisch, Eisenach and Bad Salzungen 1999, ISBN 3-9806811-1-4 , p. 147-149 .

[1] stadt-geisa.org/spahl

[TK10-2-2] Official topographic maps of Thuringia 1: 10,000. Wartburgkreis, district of Gotha, district-free city of Eisenach . In: Thuringian Land Survey Office (Hrsg.): CD-ROM series Top10 . CD 2. Erfurt 1999.

[Natur-3] Klaus Schmidt: The Wartburg district. Nature and landscape . In: Wartburgkreis (Ed.): Nature conservation in the Wartburgkreis . tape 7 . Printing and publishing house Frisch, Eisenach and Bad Salzungen 1999, p. 87 .

[DobeneckerI-4] Otto Dobencker (arr. And ed.): Regesta diplomatica necnon epistolaria historiae Thuringiae (approx. 500 - 1152) . tape 1 . Fischer, Jena 1896. No. 1184

[Bote-5] Johannes Schmidt: It happened at Christmas 1271. In: Schlitzer Bote. December 24, 2003, archived from the original on January 7, 2014 ; retrieved on May 6, 2012 : “Because of ongoing robberies that also started from this castle, the Fulda abbot Bertho II von Leibolz had the Ebersburg and other castles destroyed in 1270/71. Hermann von Ebersburg was captured and executed in Fulda. This harsh procedure outraged the knights and sparked a conspiracy. Under the leadership of Giso von Steinau they murdered the abbot in the castle chapel of Fulda, then fled to Steinau castle and from there devastated the Fulda area "

[6] StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1994

[7] StBA Area: changes from 01.01. until December 31, 2008

[Geologie-8] A ^b Geyer, Jahne, Storch: Geological sights of the Wartburg district and the independent city of Eisenach . In: District Office Wartburgkreis, Lower Nature Conservation Authority (Hrsg.): Nature conservation in the Wartburgkreis . Booklet 8. Printing and publishing house Frisch, Eisenach and Bad Salzungen 1999, ISBN 3-9806811-1-4 , p. 147-149 .