Speyer forest

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Overview map: Speyer forest between Haardt and Rhine on the alluvial fan of the Speyerbach and the other forests on the left bank of the Rhine on the alluvial fan of Queich , Klingelbach , Otterbach and Lauter . The two brown lines parallel to the Rhine mark the transition from the Hochgestade to the Rhine lowlands, the area in which the Rhine meandered, i.e. where the course of the river repeatedly relocated. The alluvial fans break off on this line, because the Rhine naturally easily transported sand carried along by the streams.

As Speyer Forest the large enclosed is geographically forest area designated extending over almost 18 km between the Haardtrand in Neustadt on the Wine Route in the west ( Order forest ) and Speyer on the Rhine in the east (Speyer city forest) and mainly the glacial alluvial fans of Speyerbach and of the Rehbach . In addition, there are forest areas in the south that have survived on the alluvial fans of the Speyerbach tributaries, Kropsbach and Modenbach .

In some cases, the contiguous and geologically related forest area is also divided into the Ordenswald and Speyer forest. In terms of forestry, the forest is divided into many sub-areas with their own names, such as Ordenswald, Unterwald, Mittenwald, Oberwald, Haßlocher Wald, Ganerbwald,

  • Schifferstadter Wald also Schifferstädter Stadtwald (north of the A 61 ),
  • Stadtwald Speyer or Speyer Stadtwald (between A 61 and L 528 Iggelheimer Straße),
  • Dudenhofener Wald (south of the L 528 Iggelheimer Straße, near Dudenhofen).

The Speyer Forest begins with the Ordenswald with a point near Neustadt and widens between Mußbach and Haßloch in the north and Lachen-Speyerdorf in the south as a pointed triangle, the edges of which initially roughly correspond to today's courses of the Rehbach in the north and the Speyerbach in the south.

In the north, east of Haßloch Iggelheim and then Schifferstadt border on the Speyer Forest, in the south east of Lachen-Speyerdorf Geinsheim , Hanhofen and Dudenhofen . The forest extends near Speyer in a north-south direction to approximately 4 to 5 kilometers.

Due to clearing for the Speyer-Nord district , which began after the First World War and continues to the present, for parts of the Speyer-West district (which, however, was mainly built on arable land) and finally for the northwest industrial area between these two districts, the The eastern border of the Speyer forest is roughly the same as the four-lane federal highway 9, which runs in a north-south direction . There is only a narrow privacy strip to the east of it.

In the Middle Ages, the Speyer Landwehr followed the course of the tree line in the area of ​​the Free Imperial City and thus protected u. a. the fields and grazing cattle from foreign thieves.

geology

Formation of the area, an alluvial fan from the last ice age

From the foothills of the Upper Rhine Graben, numerous streams strive towards the Rhine , including from the Palatinate Forest over the Haardtrand in an easterly direction. In the last ice age and with its decline, there was abundant meltwater available, which transported large amounts of rubble and sand from the mountains to the Rhine plain. The water was distributed in the plain and so gravel and sand were deposited there and formed so-called alluvial fans. The name comes from the triangular shape that extends into the plain towards the Rhine. In the case of the Speyer Forest, the starting point is the exit of the Speyer stream from the Neustadter Valley into the plain. Because the predominantly sandy soil was of little interest for arable farming, because it was not very productive, forest areas could be preserved on these alluvial areas even after agriculture had been established as an economic form, while the loess areas next to it were cleared early .

Further to the south of the Speyer forest there are more forests on the old alluvial fans of the Queich and then the Klingelbach , but they are significantly smaller than the Speyer forest. Even further south on the alluvial fan of the Lauter and the Otterbach , the larger Bienwald grows to just over the French border.

Sand dunes

The further the streams flowed into the plain, the more the water spread out and the more they slowed down and the material settled. The heavier material was left lying first. Smaller stones and sand were transported on until they too were deposited. At the end of the alluvial fan there are therefore particularly fine sands. During dry periods these were partly blown to form dunes, some of which have been preserved, e.g. B. the ant hill in the Speyer city forest, the highest dune.

Panoramic picture of the large dune with 300 °

Uncovered by forest vegetation through military activities on the site of the Speyer training area in the Dudenhofen and Speyer-West area (which today only serves the Special Pioneer Battalion 464 from the Kurpfalz barracks), a large number of rare and rarest species were able to settle on the sand dunes. For more information, see the article Speyer site exercise area .

climate

The average temperature is +10 ° C and the annual rainfall is 600 mm. One also speaks of a wine-growing climate .

Flora and fauna; natural reserve

Fauna-flora habitat

The Speyer Forest is part of the

  • FFH area 6616 301 Speyer Forest and Haßloch Forest and Schifferstädter Meadows

with the short characteristics:

very rare: the sand grass dweller, the Green Strandschrecke
  • Protection: Extensive forest area. Animal species of the open forests (including goat milkers). Unique sand lawns with very rare species such as Aiolopus thalassinus ( Green Beach Insect ). Lean wet meadows , near-natural lowland streams.

and

Bird sanctuary

Corn Crake
  • Bird sanctuary VSG 6616-402 Speyer Forest, Nonnenwald and Bachauen between Geinsheim and Hanhofen

The bird sanctuary is assigned to the biotope type :

  • Lowland forests with old oak stocks and dry deciduous and pine forests on dune locations. Streams in flat meadow valleys with small bodies of water and fallow areas offer breeding opportunities for many meadow birds .

The need for protection results from the following statement:

Landscape protection area

The area is also protected by the ordinance on the landscape protection area LSG 3.027 “Rehbach-Speyerbach” of November 30, 1981, changed: July 14, 1987 (State Gazette for Rhineland-Palatinate No. 3, p. 51 of January 25, 1982).

traffic

The forest is cut through in the northeast by a curve of the A 61 , in the west by Neustadt by the A 65 in a north-south direction and since 1847 by the Speyer-Schifferstadt railway line . The average through the B 9 became more of a limitation due to the clearing of the eastern forest. In addition, several subordinate roads run through the forest like this

  • L 454 Speyer → Schifferstadt, called Schifferstadter Straße.
  • L 528 Speyer → Böhl-Iggelheim, called Iggelheimer Straße
  • Rennbahnstraße and this aptly L529 Haßloch south to the B 39
  • L 530 Haßloch → Geinsheim
  • K 14 Haßloch with the industrial area south pushed into the forest to Lachen-Speyerdorf, which has also pushed an industrial area into the forest, so that it is almost cut through there.

noise protection

The forest along the A 61, B 9, L 528, L 454, K 14 and the railway line was partially designated as a noise protection forest to protect the adjacent residential buildings and recreational areas. The zoning plan of the city of Speyer specifies to promote the development of a tight shelter in order to achieve the highest possible noise insulation.

literature

Planning documents

  • Forsteinrichtungswerk Forstamt 336 Speyer, company No. 318000 (Stadtwald Speyer), company No. 000002 (Bürgerhospitalwald Speyer). October 1, 2003-30. September 2013
  • Development plan for local recreation in the Speyer urban forest. Schnug-Bögerding office, 1998.

natural reserve

  • E. Prayer Day: fauna of the sand dunes between Speyer and Dudenhofen. (= Pollichia. Book 17). Bad Dürkheim 1989, ISBN 3-925754-16-4 .
  • S. Filus, H. Himmler: Sumpf-Siegwurz (Gladiolus palustris) and carnation (Armeria elongata) between Speyer and Böhl-Iggelheim. In: Fauna and flora in Rhineland-Palatinate . Volume 8, Issue 3, 1997.
  • IUS: Care and development concept for Modenbach and Kropsbachniederung. Expert opinion on behalf of the LfUG. 1991.

swell

  • Official cards
  • Notice board meeting point forest of the environmental agency Speyer during the forest recovery, 1st directional path
  • Land use plan Speyer 2020, G Conceptual content - Explanation of the plan presentation 9.1, pages 223–225

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Land use plan 2020 of the city of Speyer; Justification for the land use plan of the independent city of Speyer; D. Initial situation for future urban development; 12. Forestry and agriculture; 12.1 Fortification areas p. 78
  2. ^ Karl Rudolf Müller: The walls of the Free Imperial City of Speyer as a framework for the city's history . Chapter: I. The Speyerer Landwehr , from p. 250, there maps p. 254, 267, 273; Speyer 1994, Zechnersche Buchdruckerei GmbH & Co KG
  3. ↑ Carola Schnug-Bögerding, Doris Herrmann: Speyerer Wald information board (set up at the forest recreation area) on behalf of the Speyer city administration, photographed on May 16, 2012
  4. ↑ http://www.opencaching.de/viewcache.php?cacheid=137305 with a picture of the ant mountain
  5. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from July 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.speyer.de
  6. ↑ http://www.natura2000.rlp.de/steckbriefe/sdb/FFH_SDB_6616-301.pdf
  7. ↑ http://www.natura2000.rlp.de/steckbriefe/sdb/VSG_SDB_6616-402.pdf
  8. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.naturschutz.rlp.de
  9. ↑ Land use plan 2020 of the city of Speyer; Justification for the land use plan of the independent city of Speyer; D. Initial situation for future urban development; 12. Forestry and agriculture; 12.1 Fortification areas p. 78 (Stadtwald), p. 81 (Bürgerhospitalwald)

See also

Web links

natural reserve

Stadtwald Speyer and Dudenhofen Forest

Coordinates: 49 ° 20 '  N , 8 ° 19'  E