St. Anne's Church (Bad Münder am Deister)

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The St. Anne's Church is a former church preserved as a ground monument and a former pilgrimage destination near Bad Münder am Deister .

Location of St. Anne's Church (2017)

location

The St. Anne's Church stood about one and a half kilometers east of Bad Münder on the north side of the state road  421 through the Deisterpforte to Springe, five kilometers away . The property is on the edge of a gently sloping slope; The southern edge of the Deister runs about one kilometer to the north . The area has been fallow since its archaeological exploration .

history

At an unknown point in time, probably in the 15th century, a wayside shrine , a carved wood image of Saint Anne , on the road between Münder and Springe, was considered a “ miraculous ” shrine. Two legends collected by local researchers around 1900 also report the archaeologically unconfirmed existence of a “miraculous” mineral spring . A church was built in the immediate vicinity from donations from the faithful. After its completion and consecration as well as the ecclesiastical confirmation of the pilgrimage , the first official pilgrimage took place on July 26, 1506, St. Anne's Day. As votive offerings that left pilgrims numerous crutches and canes . The offerings of the numerous believers enabled the church leaders to give Duke Erich I a loan of 7,200 guilders as early as 1514 . A jug by the church was licensed on October 31, 1516 . Sankt Annen bei Münder attracted pilgrims from foreign countries almost every day. In a later review by a Protestant pastor, the annual fair held here on Annentag was the occasion for violent debauchery.

During the Reformation in the Principality of Calenberg in 1542, Duchess Elisabeth ordered :

“Especially since the idolatry… to S. Annen before Munder abolished and something of silver; cleinoden and otherwise of iron and wax are held there for hand, inventoried and custodial until further notice. "

In addition, the existing relics should be removed from all monasteries , monasteries and churches and buried.

In 1591, Duke Julius allowed the town council of Münder to demolish St. Anne's Church in order to obtain building material for a pastor's apartment. The remaining material and about 1.5 acre large cemetery should the Peter and Paul Church benefit. Since the demolition of the church, the area has served as arable and pasture land .

View over the location of the churchyard and St. Anne's Church in the direction of Landesstrasse 421

excavation

The location and importance of St. Anne's Church fell into oblivion despite the occasional plowed-up brick and wall remains. In the 1990s, the area was part of a later unrealized construction project "Deister Park" reported . In December 1997 the exact location of the presumed small chapel was explored by means of a geophysical survey , as a result of which the church foundations were declared a ground monument in 1998 . In October 1999, a team with excavation technicians from the Hanover district government temporarily exposed a substantial part of the foundations for investigation during the largest archaeological excavation to date in Bad Münder. To the north of the church, the narrower remains of the foundations of other buildings, possibly the jug or a pilgrims' hostel , were found.

The nave of the late Gothic church, about 27 m long and 12 m (with the sacristy in the northeast 15.5 m) , was supported by twelve buttresses . The interior of the St. Anne's Church was about 23.5 m long and 8.5 m wide. The foundation walls are 1.6 to 1.8 m thick. No traces of a separate church tower were found during the excavation . Fragments found show that the windows were glazed . The main axis of the building deviates by 12 degrees from the usual east-west direction . It thus points to the tower of the Petri Pauli Church in the center of Bad Münder.

Others

The contemporary historian Johannes Letzner wrote in his chronicle that a certain Hans Doerenberg had a picture of Annen with a hollowed head carved in Hildesheim . The oil in a pan was said to have leaked through the figure's eyes when heated. Doerenberg put the picture on the street and successfully got people to make offerings. With the help of the local priests, he then started building the chapel. Old stories also tell of a pilgrimage treasure that has not yet been found.

Web links

Commons : St. Anne's Church  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

literature

  • Erhard Cosack et al .: St. Annen, a late medieval pilgrimage site near Bad Münder, Hameln-Pyrmont district. According to the historical news and archaeological excavations . In: News from Lower Saxony's Prehistory , 72 (2003) . Theiss, 2003, p. 115-173 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bad Münder: The spa and landscape park. www.haz.de, accessed on June 23, 2017 .
  2. ↑ a b The art monuments of the Springe district . In: Carl Wolff (ed.): The art monuments of the province of Hanover . tape  28 . Self-published by the provincial administration, T. Schulzes Buchhandlung, Hanover 1941, p. 150 .
  3. ↑ a b c d Aloisia Moser: Important archaeological excavation in Bad Münder (the real treasure of St. Annen). (PDF; 3.83 MB) Extract from: Der Söltjer. 2000, No. 25 , pp. 33-38. Local group Bad Münder of the Heimatbund Niedersachsen eV, accessed on June 23, 2017 .
  4. ^ Sources and representations on the history of Lower Saxony, Volume 3. (limited preview on Google Books). Historical Association for Lower Saxony, 1900, accessed on July 2, 2017 .
  5. ^ The Radiation of the Reformation: Contributions to the Church and Everyday Life in Northwest Germany. (Preview on Google Books). Helge bei der Wieden, 2011, accessed on July 2, 2017 .
  6. ^ Karl Kayser : The Reformation church visits in the Guelph lands 1542-1544. Instructions, protocols, farewells and reports from the reformers , Göttingen 1897, p. 254
  7. ^ Claudia Becker: Pilgrimages as an expression of popular piety. (PDF; 61.1 MB) In: Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte , Volume 75, pp. 71–86. Published by the Historical Commission for Lower Saxony and Bremen, accessed on February 18, 2018 .
  8. ↑ A. Moser , p. 6 (cf. footnote 3): “The 'St. Annenkapelle 'and' Der Schatz in St. Annen 'published in 1907 [Note: in Fr. Meissel, contributions to the description, history and legends of the Springe district] the authors Warnecke, Piepho from Eimbeckhausen and Pluns. Unfortunately there is no indication of where the traditions actually come from. "

Coordinates: 52 ° 11 ′ 56.5 "  N , 9 ° 28 ′ 50.8"  E