St. Goar (Flieden)
 Front portal with church square |
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| Basic data | |
| Denomination | Roman Catholic |
| place | Flieden , Germany |
| diocese | Diocese of Fulda |
| Patronage | St. Goar |
| Building description | |
| Furnishing style | Baroque |
| Construction type | Hall church |
| Function and title | |
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Parish church of the parish of St. Goar Flieden |
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| 50 ° 25 '22.7 " N , 9 ° 34' 1" E | |
Sankt Goar is a Roman Catholic church in the East Hessian Flieden . The baroque hall church bears the patronage of Saint Goar . It is the parish church of the same parish Sankt Goar Flieden and is in the deanery Neuhof-Grossenlueder of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Fulda . The parish churches also include the Holy Family in Döngesmühle and the Herz Jesu in Schweben .
The construction of the first church building is assumed between the 13th and 16th centuries, of which the cruciform chapel and the lower part of the tower have been preserved. The building was extensively expanded in two extensions (1717–1720 and 1926–1927).
location
The church is located in the Fliedetal in the middle of the village on a hill that drops sharply to the south towards the Magdloser Wasser . It was set up as a fortified castle in the Middle Ages and was enclosed by a wall ring, of which remains have been preserved in the southeast. Until the second expansion at the beginning of the 20th century, the church was surrounded by a burial ground.
The north half of the free-standing building is surrounded by the church square. On the north side, this is bordered by a wall and a central staircase to the main street, the former Via Regia , which connected Frankfurt am Main and Leipzig as an old trading route (also called "Alte Heerstraße").
To the east, the Küsterhaus, an access path to the church square, the rectory and the rectory garden adjoin the church, which together with the rectory enclose the rectory. In the south and southwest, at the foot of the hill, there are the school yard and the Fliedetal School buildings . In the west, the churchyard has a basement with arcades , on the northern side of which there is a staircase. On the north-west corner there is a residential and commercial building from the 1960s on the site of the former Zur Linde restaurant .
In the churchyard stood until the early 20th century, a court lime tree , which at the medieval village court was held.
history
The place Flieden was mentioned for the first time in the year 806 and from 815 belonged to the tithe area of the Fulda monastery . In 1244, a parish was first mentioned in a document, which extended over the entire Fliedetal .
In the Middle Ages, a Gothic fortified church was built on a hill above the Fliede , for which there is no exact date. At the beginning of the 18th and 20th centuries, this church was expanded and the orientation changed from east-west to north-south.
Medieval fortified church
_-_Grundriss_mittelalterliche_Wehrkirche.svg)
The oldest parts of the building are the remains of a medieval fortified church about the origins of which little is known. The construction is believed to be between the 13th and 16th centuries, but it is likely to be before 1495, to which the preserved baptismal font is dated.
The Gothic hall church was east-facing and had a rectangular chancel with a pointed arch . The portal was in the west tower . The nave was about as long as today's main nave and had a gallery that was accessible through a staircase in the tower. The foundations north of the choir suggest a sacristy extension.
The lower part of the tower , the choir as a side chapel ( cross chapel ) and the baptismal font from 1495 have been preserved from this original building . The main nave was removed during the first expansion in 1720.
First expansion
_-_Grundriss_erster_Ausbau_1717-1720.svg)
The church became increasingly narrow for the up-and-coming community (in 1708 Flieden alone had 596 inhabitants without the parish towns), so that at the end of the 17th century the gallery was enlarged and a little later a large-scale expansion took place. Under pastor Johann Valentin Ignaz Schmitt, a new nave was built in the years 1718–20 transversely to the orientation of the church at that time , whereby the church axis rotated by 90 ° from east – west to north – south. The old east choir was retained with new windows and a north-facing portal as a side chapel , as was the west tower, which was raised by one storey. The central nave with two windows each and portals in between was removed and replaced by the rotated new building. This received a choir in the south with a three-sided closure and two arched windows. The foundation stone for the new building was laid on June 22, 1717 by Vicar General Peter Schärpff, the construction work was completed in August 1719 and the tower cross was put on on October 19. The consecration finally took place on June 16, 1720 by Prince Abbot Konstantin von Buttlar .
Most of the baroque furnishings were purchased in the following years and most of them have been preserved to this day. Konstantin von Buttlar donated the high altar in 1724 , his successor Adolf von Dalberg donated 200 guilders in 1726. This money was used for the new gallery (1727) and the organ purchased a year later by Johannes Erhard Roth from Neustadt and 46 pews . The two side altars were bought in 1729, the pulpit in 1730 from a money find in a grave.
The new church building was finally completed in 1745 by casting the tower bells.
18th and 19th centuries
A crucifixion group was set up in the Gothic side chapel in 1748 , which is why it is also called the cross chapel or cross altar . As early as 1756, the organ that had been acquired less than 30 years earlier was replaced by a new instrument made by Johann Wolfgang Wiegand from Borsch. The new organ had 15 stops and cost 315 guilders. The old organ was renovated and given to the branch church in Rückers. In 1768 a new way of the cross was attached to the side walls, replacing the old station pictures. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, numerous baroque figures were acquired, but they are not fully documented: In the inventory of 1812 it is reported that the church was "provided with a sufficient number of pictures, some carved, some painted", while a list of 1876 "eight statues in the high altar, three on the side altars, eight more in the presbytery , five in the nave, 14 pictures of the Stations of the Cross, three more pictures".
Second expansion
_-_Grundriss_zweiter_Ausbau_1926.svg)
In 1904, after 150 years, a new organ was ordered by Pastor Müller, which was built by the Royal Württemberg court architect EF Walcker from Ludwigsburg. This new work had 17 stops and two manuals and cost 5536 marks without a case.
1926-27 construction under priest Franz Winter south was extended over the former choir out and received a larger sanctuary with underlying crypt and a transept and under the gable roof mounted dome .
20th and 21st centuries
After the Second World War, Pastor Georg Kind had the church painted in the summer of 1946. The organ was built by Alban Späth from Fulda according to plans by Dr. Miller from Weyhers rebuilt. Although this extended the service life and improved the sound properties of the damaged organ, it was not a permanently satisfactory solution. The interior space had almost doubled due to the expansion of the church building in the 1920s, which is why Dechant Eduard Paul finally built a new one in August 1962 three manual organ. The old organ was demolished in October 1963 and on March 10 of the following year Matthias Kreienbrink began the new building, which was finally consecrated on June 21, 1964.
Extensive restorations took place in 1973-77, including the flooring and the wooden sculptures and altars.
Since 1985, the crypt has also been prepared for worship.
The last interior renovation took place in 2000–2003, during which the interior painting was renewed based on the design from 1946 and a new floor was installed. The lighting was also completely renewed. A prayer room was set up on the first floor of the tower. Lost carvings were added and additional sculptures purchased as copies of historical models.
architecture
Since the expansion in 1925, the floor plan has been a double cross with the transept as the upper beam. The lower beam consists of the medieval building parts, the cruciform chapel on the left and the tower on the right.
Main portal
The north-facing main portal is flanked by two large round windows with arched niches above with sandstone figures of Saint Goar (as a cleric with a book and a miter at his feet) and Katharina (with a broken wheel). There is an arched window above the portal and at the level of the lower edge of the gable sits the eaves , in the middle of which is the coat of arms of the Fulda prince Konstantin von Buttlar . There is a central round window above the cornice.
Choir room
The wooden high altar contains a painting by the Fulda court painter Emanuel Wohlhaupter and is framed by four gilded pillars with two angels above them. In the center above the altarpiece and above the main portal sits the coat of arms of the Fulda prince Konstantin von Buttlar. To the side of the altar there are large arched windows in the apse, which is divided into individual wall surfaces, and above the sacristy doors .
Stairs on both sides of the altar lead to the crypt below the choir. Next to the stairs there is a door to the left and right sacristy , the latter being used as a storage room. Further along the outer walls on both sides are the sediles for priests , acolytes , lecturers and communion helpers , which consist of a rear row of wooden benches and an upholstered stool in front.
Since the reform by the Second Vatican Council, there has been a wooden folk altar in the center of the choir and an ambo on each side .
The choir is closed to the nave by a rood screen made of black marble and two stone steps in front of it.
organ
The first organ from 1728, like the gallery, was donated by Prince Abbot Adalbert von Dalberg and therefore still bears his coat of arms to this day. The organ builder Johann Wolfgang Wiegand manufactured a new instrument as early as 1756, the baroque prospectus of which is still preserved today. Today's organ from 1964 comes from Matthias Kreienbrink from Osnabrück and has three manuals and 36 registers . The parapet positive was taken over from the old organ from 1756 and consists of a round tower in the middle and two large harp fields on the outside, with a small flat field in between. The main prospectus was modeled on the baroque case and has a large central round tower, flanked by two smaller and two large harp fields.
Bells
The church received bells from the Otto bell foundry in Hemelingen / Bremen twice . In 1931 Otto cast three bells for St. Gor, but these were confiscated and melted down during World War II. Shortly after the surrender in 1945, Otto delivered three new bronze bells in 1948. They have the strike tone series d - f - g and the following diameters: 1460 mm, 1228 mm and 1094 mm. Together the bells weigh 4,175 kg.
literature
- Raimund Henkel: Parish Church of Sankt Goar Flieden. Published by: Catholic Church Community Flieden, Vogel Druckerei, Neuhof 2005.
- Franz Müller: The organs of the parish church in Flieden. In beech leaves No. 13, June 13, 1964.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Gerhard Reinhold: Otto bells. Family and company history of the Otto bell foundry dynasty . Self-published, Essen 2019, ISBN 978-3-00-063109-2 , p. 588, here in particular pp. 537, 544 .
- ↑ Gerhard Reinhold: Church bells - Christian world cultural heritage, illustrated using the example of the bell founder Otto, Hemelingen / Bremen . Nijmegen / NL 2019, p. 556, here in particular pp. 496, 503 , urn : nbn: nl: ui: 22-2066 / 204770 (doctoral thesis at Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen).