St. Johannes Baptist (Leutershausen)
The pilgrimage church of St. Johannes Baptist is a Catholic church in Leutershausen , a district of Hirschberg on Bergstrasse in the Rhein-Neckar district in northwest Baden-Württemberg . It was built from 1905 to 1907 according to plans by Ludwig Maier in the neo-Gothic style.
history
A church in Leutershausen was first mentioned in a document in 877, when Count Liuther gave the "basilica" there to the Lorsch monastery. The place probably belonged to the parish of Hohensachsen at first until its own parish was established. In the Middle Ages the branches of Heiligkreuz , Rittenweier , Rippenweier , Oberflockenbach , Steinklingen , Wünschmichelbach , Ursenbach and part of Greater Saxony belonged to the Leutershausen parish. In the Worms Synod of 1494, the patronage of John the Baptist was mentioned for the first time . In 1556, Elector Ottheinrich introduced the Reformation in the Electoral Palatinate . In 1698 the Catholic Elector Johann Wilhelm allowed the church to be used simultaneously by Reformed and Catholics. When the Palatinate church was divided in 1705, the church in Leutershausen fell to the Reformed. A contract between the Count von Wiser and the Reformed pastor left the Catholics still with the separated choir.
In 1737 Count Ferdinand Andreas von Wiser had a chapel built in the castle district . It was consecrated in 1742 by the Auxiliary Bishop Anton von Merle of Worms . With a Black Madonna she developed as Loretokapelle for pilgrimage . A simple parish church in baroque style was built at right angles to it in 1752 . Unlike in most other places in the Electoral Palatinate, the Catholics in Leutershausen were a strong minority. In 1807 40 percent of the population were Catholic.
Today's parish church was built between 1905 and 1907 on a building site north of the old church. The plans were drawn up by the archbishop's building authority in Heidelberg under the direction of Ludwig Maier . Archbishop Thomas Nörber consecrated the church on October 22, 1907 . As a tradition, John the Baptist was again elected as patron . The old church was demolished and the Madonna was moved to the new church. The pilgrimage to the Assumption of Mary has survived to this day. Today the community belongs to the pastoral care unit Weinheim-Hirschberg in the deanery Heidelberg-Weinheim in the Archdiocese of Freiburg . The parish branch church is the Herz-Jesu-Kirche (Weinheim-Oberflockenbach) . It was built in 1957 according to plans by Albert Boßlet and Erwin van Aaken and was named a cultural monument in 2007. The Herz Jesu Kirche is the church of the Catholics from today's districts of the district town of Weinheim: Wünschmichelbach, Steinklingen, Oberflockenbach, Rippenweier, Rittenweier and Heiligkreuz.
description
The church stands northeast of the historic town center on the former site of the water garden of the Counts of Wiser , where the Hirschberger Hof used to be. The three-aisled basilica was built in the neo-Gothic style. There is a large six-pass window above the main portal , above it a statue of the Virgin Mary . To the left of the entrance is a statue of Nepomuk made of red sandstone. It dates from the first half of the 18th century. Opposite is a stone field cross from the second half of the 13th century, which was moved here from the B 3 . On the northeast side of the church is a replica of the Lourdes grotto .
While the two aisles have vaulted ceilings, the main nave closes with a wooden ceiling. The original condition was restored during the renovation from 1988-1991. The ceiling is divided into nine fields and shows motifs from the Lauretanian litany . The same symbolism can be found in the windows of the aisles. Franz Hausch carved the main altar and the two side altars.
The baptism of Jesus , Jesus hands Peter the keys of the kingdom of heaven and the conversion of the apostle Paul are depicted on the high altar . The altar of Mary (right) contains the miraculous image of the Black Madonna from 1742, from the Count's Loreto Chapel . The Wendelin altar (left) is reminiscent of the Wendelin chapel, which used to stand on Großsachsen Straße. The celebration altar dates from 1990. The wood carving depicting the Last Supper adapts to the style of the older altars.
The only window in the Chapel of Mercy was donated by the well-known ophthalmologist Count Maximilian von Wiser and his mother Adelaide nee. Princess von Wrede, the granddaughter of the Bavarian Field Marshal Prince Carl Philipp von Wrede . In the upper part there is the corresponding family coat of arms, Wiser on the left and Wrede on the right.
In the ambo , like the celebration altar created in 1990 by the Treffler ( Friedberg ) sculptor's workshop , the four evangelists , who come from the old pulpit, are integrated. The organ was built in 1970 by Eugen Pfaff . The instrument has 20 stops on two manuals and a pedal .
literature
- Hans Huth: The art monuments of the Mannheim district: Without the city of Schwetzingen . Munich 1967.
- State Archive administration Baden-Württemberg in connection with d. Cities and districts Heidelberg u. Mannheim (Hrsg.): The city and the districts of Heidelberg and Mannheim: Official district description , Bd. 3: The city of Mannheim and the communities of the district of Mannheim . Karlsruhe 1970.
- Martin Kares, Michael Kaufmann, Godehard Weithoff: Organ guide Rhein-Neckar-Kreis . Heidelberg 2001, ISBN 3-932102-07-X .
Web links
- Pastoral care unit Weinheim-Hirschberg
- Archdiocese of Freiburg , places of pilgrimage in the Archdiocese of Freiburg: Hirschberg-Leutershausen - To the Black Madonna
Remarks
- ↑ Lorscher Codex : Document CL 40, October 1, 877 . Heidelberg University Library, Heidelberg historical holdings digital; accessed December 3, 2018.
- ↑ Worms Synodale . P. 305 . Heidelberg University Library, Heidelberg historical holdings digital; accessed December 3, 2018.
Coordinates: 49 ° 30 ′ 4.1 ″ N , 8 ° 39 ′ 57.2 ″ E