St. Peter (Sinzig)
The parish church of St. Peter in Sinzig is a three-aisled cruciform basilica in the Rhenish transitional style with galleries and an octagonal central tower in an exposed position on a hill spur that protrudes into the mouth of the Golden Mile and was already inhabited by Roman people. The building is considered one of the "most important sacred buildings of late Romanesque in the Rhineland". The construction of the church began around 1225, the altar consecration probably took place in mid-August 1241.
history
The church is possibly a successor to the St. Peter's Chapel mentioned in 855 in a deed of donation from Emperor Lothar I to the Marienstift in Aachen . After style comparisons with other churches in the Rhine-Lahn area, construction of the church is expected to begin around 1225, i.e. in the years in which Frederick II was emperor. The consecrator of the church and the altar was the Dominican Heinrich von Ösel (Henricus de Osiliensis), consecrated bishop in 1234 , who during a stay in the Middle Rhine area at the request and on behalf of the seriously ill Archbishop of Trier Theodorich von Wied († 1242) between Sinzig and Boppard did. Due to the consecration on the day of the Assumption of Mary (first documented in 1310), the consecration of the largely completed parish church of St. Peter can be assumed to be August 15, 1241.
The building was restored in 1863/64 according to plans by the architect Ernst Friedrich Zwirner . On March 28th 1881 the first known organ of St. Peter was inaugurated, in the case of which there is now an organ designed by the composer and organist Peter Bares .
architecture
The building was laid out in a cross-shaped plan. The character of a central building can also be recognized, as the transverse arms only protrude by the thickness of the wall over the width of the side aisles. The longest parts of the church are 33.50 m long and 19.83 m wide. The longship is three-story. The choir is enclosed on five sides, flanked by two side chapels. The crossing is rectangular, vaulted by a beautiful dome and overlooked by the imposing octagonal tower. The octagon must be understood as a quote from the octagon of the Aachen cathedral , as in the Castel del Monte in Apulia, which was built at the same time . This is also expressed by the fact that the dome height is 16.15 m, which corresponds to 50 Carolingian feet (50 Roman L, foot and vertical of the Charles monogram ). The tower is flanked by two smaller spiers with helmets. The strongly structured tracery of the west facade is remarkable . On the left side of the portal is the Sinziger Elle, which has a total length of 0.575 m. This dimension is slightly above the Freiburg (0.54 m) and Frankfurter Elle (0.5473 m). The church of St. Margareta in Düsseldorf-Gerresheim is almost identical in architectural style, especially in terms of its floor plan . The very rare window shapes (half rosette and cross) appear in both churches.
Furnishing
Among the furnishings, the high Gothic passion altar from 1480 by the donor couple Johann and Sophie Foehlen, a Middle Rhine triptych depicting the crucifixion of Christ, the Ascension of Christ and the death of the Virgin. Today the artist is also referred to as the master of the Sinziger Calvarienberg . Two other works in Aachen and Bad Münstereifel (triptych in the treasury of the collegiate church) have been assigned to him so far. The inventory items include the Gothic crucifixion group from the 16th century, which is assigned to the workshop of Master Tilmann from Cologne. There is also a wooden Pietà from the end of the 14th century in the divided Lady Chapel in the south aisle. In 1932 the color scheme was renewed and the face of Christ overlapped. A seated Madonna with a clothed baby Jesus from around 1340 in the south arm of the transept is known as the "Cologne Madonna". A man of sorrows on a wine press that was created around 1301/25 was probably made from a figure of St. Sebastian carved out. The painting of the baptistery is the first painting from the late Romanesque period. The so-called Holy Vogt von Sinzig, a mummified corpse, which was venerated as a relic at times, is kept in the floor of the south aisle . The reburial in this place from the baptistery took place in spring 2017, the blessing of the new grave by Auxiliary Bishop Michael Peters on May 28th. The mummy is identified with Vogt Johann Wilhelm von Holbach. A monumental group of figures is the “holy grave” in the north aisle from around 1500. The slightly larger than life figures frame a tumba decorated with Gothic tracery panels on which the body of Jesus rests. On the head side Joseph of Arimatea . Further figures can be seen with Mary, whose hand shows a mourning gesture, the wife of Klopas and with medieval braids and an ointment vessel: Mary Magdalene . The figure at the gentleman's feet could be the aged Nicodemus . Gothic capitals in the grave slab refer to the donors: The Sinzig couple Christian and Sybille Engels. The church treasures include the golden altar cross set with precious stones, which was probably made from a lecture cross from the 16th century and a chalice by Hermann Joseph von der Rennen must have been made around 1740.
A radical interior renovation took place in the 1960s, which reduced the surface painting to a chalk white atypical for the Middle Ages and destroyed the closed interior painting that had grown over a long period of time.
Seated Madonna
Pièta (with carved head of Jesus)
triptych
Organs
The main organ on the gallery on the west side of the nave with 45 sounding stops was built in 1972 by EF Walcker & Cie. According to plans by the organist at the time, Peter Bares . built in Ludwigsburg as opus 5295. The case was taken over from the previous organ built in 1880 by Gebr. Breidenfeld (Trier). The instrument has three manuals and a pedal and has the following disposition :
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- Slider chests with mechanical play and electro-pneumatic stop action
- Normal coupling : I / II, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
- Super octave coupling : I / P
- Playing aids : three free combinations , tutti
- Accessories : register manual , key chain , mixer , percussion, wind throttle, letter rail , cymbal star
From 1979 to 1992 there was a small organ in the shape of a trumpeteria on the north gallery of St. Peter . The instrument was built by the Walcker organ builder as opus 5728 and had four stops (C – c 3 : Trompeta magna 16 ′, Trompeta da batalla 8 ′, Clarin brillante 4 ′, Mixtur V – VIII 4 ′). It was an independent instrument with a mechanical play system, which could also be played from the third manual of the main organ by means of electrical action. The trumpeteria was owned by the organist Peter Bares , who took the instrument to St. Peter (Cologne) in 1992.
Also in 1979 the church received an altar positive as opus 5749 from the Walcker company. Günter Oellers from Linz (Rhine) created the artistic jewelry . The instrument has four registers (night horn covered 8 ′, reed pipe 4 ′, recorder 2 ′ Rauschzymbel II 1 1 ⁄ 3 ′ +1 ′) on a manual with a range of keys Contra A – f 3 .
Bells
The bell of the Sinzig parish church of St. Peter is "of high cultural and local historical value" and is composed as follows:
| No. |
Surname |
Casting year |
Caster |
Diameter (mm) |
Mass (kg) |
Nominal (16th note) |
Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Peter Bell | 1981 | cis 1 | Foundation, u. a. by the church organist Peter Bares . | |||
| 2 | Marienbell | 1299 | 1440 | 1,200 | dis 1 +2 | ||
| 3 | Jesus-Maria-Peter bell | 1462 | 1350 | 1,700 | e 1 −6 | ||
| 4th | Angelus bell | 1451 | 500 | 890 | h 1 +5 | ||
| 5 | Sine nomine | 1402 | 730 | 300 | e 2 | ||
| 6th | Baptist bell | 1661 | 720 | 250 | d 3 +8 | Strike bell of the clockwork |
literature
- Toni Diederich : The building history of the Sinzig parish church of St. Peter in the light of a new seal found. In: Rheinische Vierteljahrsblätter 45, 1981, pp. 35–43.
- Peter Pauly: Consecrator of the parish church St. Peter in Sinzig Bishop of Ösel. In: Homeland yearbook for the Ahrweiler district 1983. Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler 1982.
- Wim Kossin: Sinzig in the Middle Ages 700-1500 - The parish church of St. Peter. In: Sinzig and its districts. Edited by Jürgen Haffke and Bernhard Koll, Sinzig 1983.
- Stefan Pauly: The wall paintings in the Catholic St. Peter parish church in Sinzig. In: Homeland yearbook for the Ahrweiler district 1998. Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler 1997.
- Stefan Pauly: The late Staufer altar in the parish church of St. Peter in Sinzig. In: Homeland yearbook for the Ahrweiler district 2000. Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler 1999.
- Jürgen Kaiser: Romanesque in the Rhineland, Greven Verlag Cologne 2008, ISBN 978-3-7743-0419-2
- Peter P. Pauly: St. Peter Sinzig / Rhein, Verlag Schnell and Steiner, Munich / Regensburg, Art Guide No. 1310, first edition, 1981
Web links
- Homepage of the Catholic parish community in Sinzig
- Entry on the parish church of St. Peter Sinzig in the database " KuLaDig " of the Rhineland Regional Association
- The late Staufer altar in the parish church of St. Peter in Sinzig
- Organ concert in St. Peter zu Sinzig (Hartmut Haupt, September 5, 2014)
- Presentation of the organ by the organist Fraser Gartshore; with audio sample
Individual evidence
- ^ Wilhelm Lübke: The art of the Middle Ages. Salzwasser Verlag, Paderborn 2013, ISBN 978-3-86444-363-3 , p. 163 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
- ↑ a b Toni Diederich : The building history of the Sinzig parish church St. Peter in the light of a new seal discovery. In: Rheinische Vierteljahrsblätter . 45, 1981, pp. 35-43.
- ↑ a b c d Entry on the parish church of St. Peter Sinzig in the database " KuLaDig " of the Rhineland Regional Association , accessed on July 27, 2017.
- ↑ Other consecration activities in August 1241 are documented for Koblenz and Boppard.
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↑ Peter Pauly: Consecrator of the parish church St. Peter in Sinzig Bishop of Ösel. In: Heimatjahrbuch für die Kreis Ahrweiler 1983. Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler 1982.
Stefan Pauly: The late Staufer altar in the parish church of St. Peter in Sinzig. In: Homeland yearbook for the Ahrweiler district 2000. Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler 1999. - ↑ a b Organ in St. Peter, Sinzig , accessed on February 25, 2017.
- ↑ Anne Schunicht-Rawe, Stephan Pauli: St. Peter in Sinzig . Ed .: Rhenish Association for Monument Preservation and Landscape Protection. Neusser Druckerei und Verlag GmbH, Neuss 2001, ISBN 3-88094-919-0 , p. 14 .
- ↑ The strangest saint in the Rhineland , accessed on February 25, 2017.
- ^ Paul-Georg Custodis: The goldsmiths of the von der races family in Cologne and Danzig . In: Rheinischer Verein für Denkmalpflege und Landschaftsschutz (Hrsg.): Rheinische Heimatpflege . No. 4/2012 , 2012, ISSN 0342-1805 , p. 277 .
- ↑ The wall paintings in the Catholic St. Peter parish church in Sinzig , accessed on February 26, 2017.
- ↑ www.walcker.com , accessed on February 16, 2017.
- ↑ Wim Kossin: Sinzig in the Middle Ages 700-1500 - The parish church of St. Peter. In: Sinzig and its districts. Sinzig 1983.
- ↑ Festival in honor of the Sinzig bells. blick-aktuell.de, June 17, 2013, accessed on August 16, 2020 .
Coordinates: 50 ° 32 '42.8 " N , 7 ° 15' 9.9" E