St. Ulrich (Schenkenzell)

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Ortisei from the northwest

St. Ulrich is the Roman Catholic parish church of Schenkenzell in the upper Kinzig valley , in the Rottweil district of Baden-Württemberg . The parish together with St. John the Baptist in Schiltach and Allerheiligen in Wittichen form the pastoral care unit of the Wittichen Monastery of the Archdiocese of Freiburg . The church consists of a baroque choir and tower and a nave built after the Second World War . Their history and shape has u. a. the Offenburg teacher Werner Scheurer researched in a church guide.

history

Around the year 1100 the upper Kinzig valley was barely populated. The monasteries had a pioneering effect, such as the Alpirsbach monastery , founded in 1099, about 5 km to the east . Bailiffs were the Counts of Sulz , later the Lords of Geroldseck , and the Counts of Freiburg as successors to the Zähringer family . The knights on the Schenkenburg belonged to the lower nobility . In 1244 the castle and place are mentioned for the first time with a Heinrich, “pincerna de celle”, “ cupbearer of Zell”, and in 1251 again with “dominus Hermannus pincerne de Shenchenzelle”. The name "Schenken von Schenkenzell" disappears at the beginning of the 14th century. In the years 1498 and 1500 the Geroldseck Schenkenzell sold to Count Wolfgang von Fürstenberg , and the place remained with the Fürstenbergers until it came to the Grand Duchy of Baden in 1806 as a result of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss .

A pastor in Schenkenzell is mentioned for the first time in 1275 in the Liber decimationis of the Diocese of Constance : “Cella Pincerne. Plebanus residens ibidem iuratus dicit quadraginta libr. Argentina. the. In redditibus ”-“ Schenkenzell. The pastor residing there declares legally binding 20 pounds Strasbourg pfennigs (denarii) as income. ” Since 1331, the church patronage had been with the Schenkenzeller Klareissenkloster Wittichen . Churchly, St. Ulrich became part of the Archdiocese of Freiburg in 1821.

Building history

A predecessor of the existing church was consecrated in 1515 . In the 18th century, damage and a lack of space made a new building necessary. It was built from 1774 to 1780 according to plans by the Fürstenberg master builder Franz Joseph Salzmann . As patron saint, Wittichen Monastery had to bear part of the costs. On July 24, 1784, the church and altars were consecrated by Wilhelm Joseph Leopold Willibald von Baden (Constance Auxiliary Bishop from 1779 to 1798), the high altar to Saint Ulrich of Augsburg , the side altars to Saint Mary of Victory and the fourteen helpers in need . These altars are lost today (see below).

That left St. Ulrich , began to plan an extension with major renovations in 1883 and 1938, until in the 1960s. “In years of negotiations, we fought with the State Monuments Office to find a new building solution that was 'suitable for the Salzmann family'.” Work began in 1980. On February 27, 1983, the consecration took place by the Archbishop of Freiburg, Oskar Saier .

building

In 1908, Max Wingenroth described the baroque church in the art monuments of the Grand Duchy of Baden : “Today's church, picturesquely situated on a small hill in the village, is <...> single-nave, flat-roofed, with a choir consisting of three sides of the octagon, which is in the round arch opens towards the nave. On the outside, the building is only structured by the arched windows. <...> In the northeast corner of the nave and choir stands the tower, with a square floor plan, rising in two storeys above the ground floor, with the double roof edge above it. "

This also describes today's choir and tower - both unchanged. The tower tapers upwards from floor to floor. Corner pilaster strips and strongly profiled cornices made of red sandstone emphasize the cube shape of the storeys. The corners of the bell storey are chamfered . " Acanthus reliefs , neat stone carvings, frame the dials on the north and south sides."

Works from the 1980s are attached to the choir to the east, the sacristy and the nave to the west, with a rectangular floor plan. Its four corners are rounded. "As a result, the building appears almost weightless despite its enormous dimensions."

Furnishing

Above the new main portal in the west, designed in Salzmann's style, the coat of arms of the Wittichen monastery, a cross on a gold background with an oath hand pointing skywards , indicates the patron saint.

The current high altar was built in 1807, the two current side altars were purchased in 1840. They come from Oberndorf am Neckar , the main altar from the Augustinian monastery, which was dissolved in 1806, and the side altars from the Oberndorf district of Hochmössingen . Scheurer attributes all three altars to the sculptor Johann Georg Weckenmann and the painter Johann Baptist Enderle , who both worked in the Augustinian monastery in Oberndorf.

In the main picture of the high altar, Mary hands the rosary over to St. Catherine of Siena and St. Augustine of Hippo , who represents St. Dominic , who otherwise belongs to this scene . The upper picture shows the miracle of Pentecost . Above the rotating tabernacle lies the lamb on the book with the seven seals ( Rev 5,1  EU ), again above the pelican nourishes his young with his blood, "symbol of Christ's self-giving love". Confessionals under the choir windows complement the baroque furnishings of the choir.

The main picture of the left side altar was acquired in 1841 at the auction of the baroque altars of the Holy Cross Minster in Rottweil . It shows the death of Mary . “Peter with the death candle in his right hand feels the dying pulse of the pulse, while Mary's soul, accompanied by jubilant angels, is absorbed into the glory of the Triune God.” The upper picture shows the decapitation of John the Baptist ( Mk 6,17-29  EU ).

The main picture of the right side altar, signed by Joseph Ignaz Schilling in 1738 , shows the stoning of St. Stephen ( Acts 7.55-60  EU ), the upper picture shows Saul's conversion to Paul ( Acts 9.1-18  EU ).

The pulpit, “the highlight of the baroque interior”, also comes from the Augustinian monastery in Oberdorf, and Scheurer Weckenmann and Enderle also attribute it to it.

literature

  • Hermann Fautz: Schiltach and Schenkenzell in the Sulz district. In: Die Ortenau 33, 1953, pp. 67-71. Digitized . Retrieved January 16, 2016.
  • Thigh cell. In: Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg (ed.): The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume 6: Freiburg administrative region. Kohlhammer Verlag, Stuttgart 1982, ISBN 3-17-007174-2 , pp. 501–502 ( digital text at Landeskunde discover online Baden-Württemberg: Schenkenzell . Accessed on January 16, 2016).
  • Werner Scheurer: Catholic parish church St. Ulrich Schenkenzell. (= Little Art Guide No. 1872). Schnell und Steiner publishing house, Munich, Zurich 1991.
  • Max Wingenroth : Schenkenzell . In: The art monuments of the Grand Duchy of Baden Volume 7: The art monuments of the Offenburg district. Mohr Siebeck Verlag, Tübingen, 1908, pp. 648-653. Digitized. Retrieved January 16, 2016.
  • Joseph Ludolf Wohleb: The Kinzigtäler church buildings of the Fürstenberg architect Franz Joseph Salzmann (1724–1786) II. In: The Ortenau. Journal of the Historical Association for Mittelbaden 31, 1951, pp. 51–70. Digitized. Retrieved January 17, 2016.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Werner Scheurer: Catholic parish church St. Ulrich Schenkenzell. (= Little Art Guide No. 1872). Schnell und Steiner publishing house, Munich, Zurich 1991.
  2. ^ Wingenroth 1908 and Scheurer 1991.
  3. ↑ Wendelin Haid : Liber decimationis cleri Constanciensis pro Papa de anno 1275. In: Freiburg Diocesan Archive 1, 1865, pp. 1–304, here p. 40 ( digitized version ); Gerlinde Person-Weber: The Liber Decimationis of the Diocese of Constance . Alber, Freiburg 2001, ISBN 3-495-49944-X , p. 185.
  4. ↑ Fautz 1953, p. 71.
  5. ↑ Dorothea Müller: Catalog of modern manuscripts (16th – 19th century) of the Leopold-Sophien-Bibliothek Überlingen. Digitized. Retrieved January 16, 2016.
  6. ↑ Scheurer 1991.
  7. ↑ Scheurer 1991.
  8. ↑ Wingenroth 1908.
  9. ↑ Scheurer 1991.
  10. ↑ Scheurer 1991.
  11. ^ Monasteries in Baden-Württemberg: Augustinian monastery in Oberndorf. Digitized. ( Memento of the original from December 13, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 18, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / maja.bsz-bw.de
  12. ↑ Wohleb 1951, p. 61 and Scheurer 1991.
  13. ↑ Scheurer 1991.
  14. ↑ Scheurer 1991.
  15. ↑ Scheurer 1991.

Coordinates: 48 ° 18 ′ 40.4 "  N , 8 ° 22 ′ 20.1"  E