Suai (Administration Office)

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Suai Administrative Office
Suai (Administrative Office) (East Timor)
Red pog.svg
The new Ave Maria church
Administrative headquarters Camenaça
surface 272.85 km²
population 25,815 (2015)
Sucos Population (2015)
Beco 3,759
Camenaça 3,681
Debos 11,336
Labarai 3,275
Suai Loro 3,764
Overview map
Administrative division of Cova Lima
Location of the municipality of Cova Lima

Suai is an East Timorese administrative office ( Portuguese Posto Administrativo ) in the municipality of Cova Lima . The administrative headquarters are in Camenaça .

geography

Suai Administrative Office

Until 2014, the administrative offices were still referred to as sub-districts . Before the 2015 regional reform, Hato-Udo had an area of ​​302.60 km². Now there are 272.85 km².

The administrative office forms the center of Cova Lima on the coast of the Timor Sea . To the east is the administrative office of Zumalai , to the west the administrative offices of Tilomar , Fohorem and Maucatar . In the north, Suai borders on the municipality of Bobonaro with its administrative offices Lolotoe and Bobonaro .

Suai is divided into five sucos : Beco ( Beco I ), Debos ( Debus ), Labarai ( Labarat ), Camenaça ( Kamenasa, Canabaza, Camenaca, Camenaça, Camenasse, Camenassa ) and Suai Loro .

In Holbelis there is a large cave, home to bats and monkeys. In the past the old animistic religion was practiced here. Engravings in the rocks at the entrance to the cave testify to the worship of gods and spirits.

  • Climate data

  • Annual rainfall (2000)

  • Average annual temperature (2000)

  • Climate diagram of Suai

Residents

The administrative office has 25,815 inhabitants (2015), of which 13,063 are men and 12,752 women. The population density is 494.6 inhabitants / km². The largest language group is made up of the speakers of Tetum Terik , a dialect of the official Tetum language . The average age is 18.7 years (2010, 2004: 18.1 years).

  • Traditional hut in Suai Loro

  • Flying foxes in the market in Suai

  • Traditional tattoos on a woman in Suai

  • Men in traditional clothing at a festival (2003)

  • Folk dance in Timorese (2010)

history

Suai on the map of Pigafetta from 1521

Suai and Camenaça used to be traditional empires of Timor, ruled by a liurai . According to oral tradition, both were subordinate to the Liurai of Fohorem in the alliance of Cova Lima and had to pay tribute. Another source indicates that Suai did not belong to Koba Lima , but formed an independent, powerful empire. The source incorrectly names Suai as the center of Wehale , which was further to the west.

In 1522 a member of the Magellan Expedition , Antonio Pigafetta , reported that there were four main kings of Timor who were brothers: Oibich, Lichisana, Suai and Canabaza . Suai probably formed a double empire with Camenaça (Canabaza), which Wehale (here called Oibich by Pigafetta ) owed tribute. Suai also appears on a list by Afonso de Castro , a former governor of Portuguese Timor who listed 47 empires in 1868. Camenaça does not appear here.

In 1719 the Liurais of about a dozen rich met in Camenaça to conclude a blood pact. The aim of the federal government was to expel the Portuguese and Christianity as a whole. The Camenaça Pact ( Camenace Pact ) is considered to be the beginning of the Cailaco Rebellion (1719 to 1769). Under the leadership of Camenaça, churches were destroyed and missionaries and converted Timorese were murdered. Camenaça signed a peace treaty with Portugal on September 19, 1731.

During the War of Manufahi in 1895 the Liurai of Suai allied themselves with Dom Duarte , the Liurai of Manufahi against the Portuguese colonial rulers. In 1900 Manufahi capitulated. Suai had been defeated before.

In October 1911 the Manufahi rebellion broke out . The Portuguese military post in Suai was evacuated on December 8, 1911 for fear of the insurgents. On December 29th, 1,200 Timorese sought protection in the then Dutch enclave of Maucatar for fear of Portuguese reprisals . Among them the Liurai of Camenaça and his entourage. The rebellion quickly spread throughout the region and was not finally put down until April 1912.

The small port of Becos on the Timor Sea played an important role for the Allied supplies and as an evacuation point during the Battle of Timor in World War II .

Only in the last few years of the Portuguese colonial era was the then district administration moved from Fohoren to Suai in Debos. With its plane, Suai offered aircraft the opportunity to land, and it also had access to the sea and was therefore accessible to ships.

The church of Nossa Senhora do Rosario , scene of the massacre

To avoid the attacks by the Indonesian army in 1976, the residents of Suai either fled to Maucatar or hid in their plantings for a few days before surrendering to the invaders. The Serious Crimes Unit of UNTAET reported that so-called in Suai during the Indonesian occupation Rape Houses existed. On April 28, 1998, the residents of Camenaça were attacked by the Indonesian army.

The bunak settlements from Suai to Zumalai were only recently established. Before that, the region was uninhabited. These start-ups still have relationships with their places of origin. Beco has deep relationships with Teda , east of Lolotoe , even if they emigrated several generations ago. Their dialect is actually close to that of the Lolotoe region, even if some vocabulary has been adopted from the Southwest dialect. Other settlements only emerged during the Indonesian occupation, when entire villages were resettled from the north along the southern coastal road around Zumalai. Their dialect corresponds completely to that of the highlands.

In the run-up to the referendum on the future of East Timor , on August 20, 1999, a pro-Indonesian militia attacked a pro- independence event in Suai . After the voters had voted in favor of independence in a referendum, there were outbreaks of violence by militias across the country . One of the worst incidents was the Suai church massacre on September 6, 1999. Up to 200 people are believed to have died. Camenaça was destroyed by the Mahidi militia. One resident was murdered on September 12, 1999.

The United Nations sent a result of the terror of the militias on 20 September 1999 military intervention force led by Australia , which was to maintain peace and order. On August 10, a Nepalese UN soldier died in combat with a militia near Beco . Three other Nepalese soldiers and one East Timorese civilian were injured. On the morning of January 3, 2008, seven houses were set on fire during gang fighting in the village of Ukun Nain . Nobody got hurt. Eight suspects were arrested by the National Police, including three police officers.

In June 2013, flooding occurred in Suai and Camenaça, killing three.

politics

Administrator Francisco Guterres (2013)

The administrator of the administrative office is appointed by the central government in Dili. In 2009 it was Francisco d 'Jesus Alvares , in 2011 Inácio Pires, 2013 Francisco Guterres and in 2015 Miguel Armando Cardoso .

economy

Suai Community Prison

52% of households in Suai grow cassava, 52% corn, 47% vegetables, 47% coconuts, 23% rice and 10% coffee. There is a landing place for boats on Suai Loro Beach, between Cape Suai and Cape Tafara . Larger ships can also anchor safely off the coast. A supply base for the use of the oil fields off the coast is to be created here. Crude oil was also found in Suai Loro as early as the 1970s.

Web links

Commons : Suai  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Direcção-Geral de Estatística : Results of the 2015 census , accessed on November 23, 2016.
  2. ↑ Jornal da República : Diploma Ministerial no 24/2014 de 24 de Julho - Orgânica dos Postos Administrativos ( Memento of March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ a b Direcção Nacional de Estatística: 2010 Census Wall Chart (English) ( Memento of the original from August 12, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 2.5 MB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / dne.mof.gov.tl
  4. ↑ a b Cova Lima District Development Plan 2002/2003 ( Memento of the original from October 14, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English; PDF; 2.24 MB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.estatal.gov.tl
  5. ↑ a b Seeds of Life
  6. ↑ Direcção Nacional de Estatística: Census of Population and Housing Atlas 2004 ( Memento of November 13, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 14 MB)
  7. ↑ Suai Media Space: Koba Lima - Suai
  8. ↑ TIMOR LORO SAE, Um pouco de história ( Memento of the original dated November 13, 2001 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / oecussi.no.sapo.pt
  9. ↑ East Timor - PORTUGUESE DEPENDENCY OF EAST TIMOR ( Memento of February 21, 2004 in the Internet Archive )
  10. ↑ a b c History of Timor - Technical University of Lisbon ( Memento of the original from March 24, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 824 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / pascal.iseg.utl.pt
  11. ↑ "Chapter 7.3 Forced Displacement and Famine" ( Memento of the original from November 28, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 1.3 MB) from the "Chega!" Report by CAVR (English) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cavr-timorleste.org
  12. ↑ EAST TIMOR: State Violations of East Timorese Human Rights Prevail ( Memento from August 26, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  13. ↑ Antoinette Schapper: Finding Bunaq: The homeland and expansion of the Bunaq in central Timor ( Memento of the original from October 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / epress.anu.edu.au archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , P. 177, in: Andrew McWilliam, Elizabeth G. Traube: Land and Life in Timor-Leste: Ethnographic Essays , 2011
  14. ↑ Masters of Terror: Suai church massacre
  15. ↑ SCU: Sako Loro Monu Militia Platoon Commander and 4 Mahidi Militia Indicted , December 6, 2004 ( Memento of the original from January 13, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed January 13, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / lists.topica.com
  16. ^ AFP, Nepalese UN soldier dies after East Timor shooting, August 10, 2000
  17. ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: Daily Telegraph, January 3, 2008, Houses torched in East Timor unrest@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.news.com.au
  18. ↑ Suara Timor Lorosae, January 8, 2008, Suai case, 3 PNTL members detained
  19. ↑ Independente: Flood in Suai, killing three local residents , June 24, 2013
  20. ↑ Friends of Suai: Suai Sub District Administrator Visits Melbourne , May 2009 , accessed June 27, 2019.
  21. ↑ Government Osttimros: 2.246 funcionários temporários passam a permanent 17 August, 2011. retrieved on June 27 of 2019.
  22. ↑ Ministério da Administração Estatal: Administração Municipal ( Memento from June 1, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  23. ↑ Direcção Nacional de Estatística: Suco Report Volume 4 (English) ( Memento of the original from October 10, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 9.8 MB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / dne.mof.gov.tl
  24. ↑ UNMIT: Timor-Leste District Atlas version 02, August 2008 ( Memento of the original from December 3, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 438 kB). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / unmit.unmissions.org
  25. ↑ Ministry of Natural Resources, Minerals & Energy Policy of Timor-Leste ( Memento from October 29, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) (English)

Coordinates: 9 ° 19 ′  S , 125 ° 15 ′  E