Zumalai (administrative office)
| Zumalai administrative office | |||
|
|||
| Administrative headquarters | Tashilin | ||
| surface | 282.94 km² | ||
| population | 13,263 (2015) | ||
| Sucos | Population (2015) | ||
| Fatuleto | 766 | ||
| Lepo | 1,302 | ||
| Lour | 2,048 | ||
| Map | 313 | ||
| Raimea | 3,444 | ||
| Tashilin | 2,275 | ||
| Ucecai | 247 | ||
| Zulo | 2,868 | ||
| Overview map | |||
|
|||
|
|||
Zumalai (formerly Mape-Zumalai ) is an East Timorese administrative office ( Portuguese Posto Administrativo ) in the municipality of Cova Lima . The administrative headquarters are in Tashilin .
geography
Until 2014, the administrative offices were still referred to as sub-districts . The administrative office of Zumalai was defeated with the territorial reform of 2003 as a sub-district from the Ainaro district to the Cova Lima district. Areas in western Zumalai were transferred to the Suai sub-district . Before the 2015 territorial reform, Zumalai had an area of 283.74 km². Now there are 282.94 km².
Zumalai is located on the south coast of Timor on the Timor Sea . In the north-west lies the administrative office of Bobonaro ( municipality of Bobonaro ) and to the east the administrative offices of Ainaro and Hato-Udo (both municipality of Ainaro).
The administrative office is divided into eight sucos : Tashilin (formerly Beco II ), Fatuleto , Lepo , Lour, Mape , Raimea ( Raimera ), Ucecai ( Ocekai ) and Zulo.
- Climate data
Annual rainfall (2000)
Average annual temperature (2000)
Residents
13,263 people live in the administrative office (2015), of which 6,702 are men and 6,561 women. The population density is 46.9 inhabitants / km². The place Zumalai is one of the centers of the national language Bunak in East Timor. The Zumalai dialect is used here. The Bunak speakers form the largest language group in the administrative office. In Mape, Lepo and Ucecai they speak Kemak . The high proportion of teenage mothers in the administrative office is striking. There are 111.3 live births per 1,000 girls between the ages of 15 and 19 per year. This is the second highest value nationwide (national average: 59.2) and is even higher than the worldwide national maximum of El Salvador with 108 births. The average age is 19.0 years (2010, 2004: 17.0 years).
history
Raimea was one of the traditional kingdoms of Timor, ruled by a liurai . It appears on a list by Afonso de Castro , a former governor of Portuguese Timor who listed 47 empires in 1868. During the Manufahi rebellion (1911 to 1912), Raimea allied with the Boaventura , Liurai von Manufahi , who rebelled against the Portuguese colonial power . After his defeat, the territory of the Raimea Empire was placed under the direct control of the colonial government by Governor Filomeno da Câmara de Melo Cabral in order to establish plantations on it.
The bunak settlements from Suai to Zumalai were only recently established. Before that, the region was uninhabited. These start-ups still have relationships with their places of origin. Some places were created a few generations ago. Other settlements have only existed since the Indonesian occupation, when entire villages were resettled from the north along the southern coastal road around Zumalai.
In order to avoid the attacks of the Indonesian army in 1976, the inhabitants of Zumalai partly fled to Lolotoe and spread out in an area between Lewalu (Gala) , Zoilpo , the Zoba Zova hill in Opa and Labarai . Others went to the hilly area of Zulo . Zumalai became a retreat for the FALINTIL who fought against the Indonesian invaders. Here she founded a base de apoio , a resistance base in which refugees from Ainaro and Hato-Udo also found refuge. The base was later destroyed by the Indonesians. A group of refugees was attacked by the Indonesian army on the Mola River in January 1978 . The few survivors of the massacre withdrew to the west.
The pro-Indonesian militia Mahidi committed various acts of violence in the area of Zumalai during the 1999 independence referendum . In mid-August 2006 fighting broke out in Zumalai between the groups Saka Izoladu and Colimau 2000 , in which one person died. The population fled the area.
In early 2010 there were reports that gunmen disguised as ninjas were terrorizing the population in the then Cova Lima and Bobonaro districts. The Timorese Police (PNTL) and Army (F-FDTL) then sent units to take action against the criminals. The bandits burned houses in Zumalai. On August 15, 2011, there were clashes between the martial arts groups Perguruan Setia Hati Terate (PSHT) and CORK from Tashilin and Galitaz , in which several houses were burned down. A policeman was stabbed to death.
politics
The administrator of the administrative office is appointed by the central government in Dili. In 2014/2015 it was Manuel Agostinho Freitas . Administrator Santiago Barreto was violently killed in February 2019.
economy
64% of the households in the administrative office grow corn, 61% cassava, 51% vegetables, 57% coconuts, 49% rice and 14% coffee. On Sundays there is a weekly market in Zumalai.
In terms of tourism, the administrative office has potential. There is a lovely beach by the village of Culu Oan . Lepo has a hot, thermal source.
Sons and daughters
- Rui Maria de Araújo (* 1964), East Timorese politician
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Direcção-Geral de Estatística : Results of the 2015 census , accessed on November 23, 2016.
- ↑ Jornal da República : Diploma Ministerial no 24/2014 de 24 de Julho - Orgânica dos Postos Administrativos ( Memento of March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b Direcção Nacional de Estatística: 2010 Census Wall Chart (English) ( Memento of the original from August 12, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 2.5 MB)
- ↑ a b Seeds of Life
- ↑ a b c Cova Lima District Development Plan 2002/2003 ( Memento of the original from October 14, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English; PDF file; 2.24 MB)
- ↑ Direcção Nacional de Estatística: Census of Population and Housing Atlas 2004 ( Memento of November 13, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 14 MB)
- ↑ TIMOR LORO SAE, Um pouco de história ( Memento of the original dated November 13, 2001 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ East Timor - PORTUGUESE DEPENDENCY OF EAST TIMOR ( Memento of February 21, 2004 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ History of Timor ( Memento of the original from March 24, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - Lisbon Technical University (PDF file; 805 kB)
- ↑ Antoinette Schapper: Finding Bunaq: The homeland and expansion of the Bunaq in central Timor ( Memento of the original from October 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , P. 177, in: Andrew McWilliam, Elizabeth G. Traube: Land and Life in Timor-Leste: Ethnographic Essays , 2011
- ↑ "Chapter 7.3 Forced Displacement and Famine" ( Memento of the original from November 28, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 1.3 MB) from the "Chega!" Report by CAVR (English)
- ↑ Amnesty International: Assault on the town of Galitas near Zumalai 1999
- ↑ Fights in Zumalai 2006 ( Memento of the original from October 8, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Timor Post, February 12, 2010, Ninja Gangs burn down houses, despite police intervention
- ↑ Herald Sun, August 17, 2011, Houses razed in East Timor mob rampage
- ↑ Ministério da Administração Estatal: Administração Municipal ( Memento of the original from June 1, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Fundasaun Mahein: "Administrador Postu Administrativu Zumalai, Munisipiu Covalima Santiago Barreto mate iha ponte okos, deskonfia hetan agresaun fiziku husi ema deskuinesidu. Matebian ne'e, mate iha ponte okos jalan great nian, to'o agora seiauk hatene klaru motivu husi mate isin ne'e no agora iha ona Hospital Referal Suai hodi kontinua ba prosesu otopsia. (STL, 02/14/2019). " , Accessed on February 14, 2019.
- ↑ Direcção Nacional de Estatística: Suco Report Volume 4 (English) ( Memento of the original from April 9, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 9.8 MB)
Coordinates: 9 ° 9 ′ S , 125 ° 27 ′ E
The administrative borders within East Timor changed in 2015. This article must therefore be checked and updated if necessary. See New Administrative Boundaries .