Syed Putra

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Syed Harun Putra

Tuanku Syed Harun Putra ibni Almarhum Syed Hassan Jamalullail , KCMG (born November 25, 1920 in Arau , Perlis , Unfederated Malay States , British Malaya ; died April 16, 2000 , National Heart Institute of Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia ) was the third Yang di-Pertuan Agong of the Malaya Federation and later of Malaysia (September 21, 1960– September 20, 1965), and the sixth Raja of Perlis from December 4, 1945–16. April 2000.

Life

youth

He was the son of Syed Hassan bin Syed Mahmud Jamalullail ( Bakal Raja , 1897-1935) and his concubine Teh binti Wan Endut (d. 1952). As a result, he was initially Heir Presumptive (Bakal Raja, prospective heir to the throne) for the throne of Perlis . He was born in Arau and trained at the Arau Malay School and later at the Penang Free School between 1937 and 1939. At the age of 18 he took up a position in the administrative apparatus of Perlis and became a magistrate in 1940 , after which he moved to Kuala Lumpur was transferred, where he was installed as "Second Magistrate" in the criminal court.

Controversy over the succession to the throne of Perlis

The fourth Raja of Perlis , Syed Alwi ibni Almarhum Syed Safi Jamalullail (* 1881; ruled 1905–1943) died childless. However, he had several half-brothers who vied for the throne. The succession to the throne was not regulated by law and the marriage presumptive had to be confirmed by the State Council, which was composed of the Raja and other people.

Syed Putra's paternal grandfather, Syed Mahmud , was the eldest son of Raja Syed Safi ibni Almarhum Syed Alwi Jamalullail (3rd Raja) and a half-brother of Raja Syed Alwi . He served as Raja Muda until 1912 when he was convicted and incarcerated in Alor Star , Kedah until 1917. He died there two years later. On December 6, 1934, however, Syed Mahmud's son Syed Hassan was elected as Bakal Raja by the State Council with three out of four votes . Syed Hassan died on October 18, 1935.

On April 30, 1938, Syed Putra was elected Bakal Raja with three out of four votes . However, that election was challenged by Syed Hamzah , the younger half-brother of Raja Syed Alwi and then Vice President of the State Council. He argued that Syed Putra was too far away in the line of succession to the Muslim heirs ( primogeniture did not apply in Perlis at that time). However, the British colonial authorities supported Syed Putra.

Japanese occupation

At the beginning of the Second World War , Raja Syed Alwi withdrew to Kuala Kangsar in Perak . He returned to Perlis on December 28, 1941, but was already very ill at that time and Syed Hamzah was in charge of state affairs . Syed Putra was serving in the Kuala Lumpur judiciary at the time and had been ordered to stay there by Sultan Musa Ghiatuddin Riayat Shah of Selangor . In May 1942 Syed Hamzah Raja convinced Syed Alwi to withdraw the appointment of Syed Putra and instead appoint Syed Hamzah himself as Bakal Raja . Syed Putra stayed with his family in Klang and returned to Perlis on May 15, 1942. He lived in a hut near the Arau train station and received a monthly grant from Raja Syed Alwi of $ 90, which was discontinued upon his death. Raja Syed Alwi died on February 1, 1943 and one day later, before the funeral, Syed Hamzah was proclaimed the fifth Raja of Perlis with the consent of the Japanese military governor of Kedah and Perlis .

On March 29, 1945, Syed Putra left Perluis and moved to Kelantan , the home state of his wife Tengku Budriah , where he made a living selling pastries and dried fruits.

Return of the British

The British Military Administration (Malaya) (BMA) under Lord Louis Mountbatten refused to recognize Syed Hamzah as a Raja. On September 18, 1945 he had to abdicate. He first went into exile in Thailand and died on February 20, 1958 in Arau.

On December 4, 1945, the British appointed Syed Putra the sixth Raja of Perlis . He returned to Perlis via Padang Besar and was enthroned on March 12, 1949.

The Malay Union experiment

Raja Syed Putra was an opponent of the Treaty of Malay Union because the treaty deprived local rulers of the right granted in the 1930 treaty between the British and Perlis to rule as Raja-in-council . However, his protest was rejected by the British and he was forced to sign. As a result, like all other Malay rulers, he fought the Malayan Union Treaty .

Elected Deputy King

Putra was elected deputy of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong by the Malay rulers and held this post from April 14, 1960 until the death of Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah on September 1, 1960.

Choice for Yang di-Pertuan Agong

Putra was then elected Yang di-Pertuan Agong of the independent Malaya Federation . He was enthroned in the Istana Negara (National Palace ) in Kuala Lumpur on January 4, 1961. On September 16, 1963, on the occasion of the proclamation of the Malaysian Federation from the Federation of Malaya , British Borneo ( Sabah ), Sarawak and Singapore , he became Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia . His term of office ended on September 20, 1965. His son, Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin , was elected as Yang di-Pertuan Agong after the death of his successor, Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz of Selangor , and was in office from 2001 to 2006.

Role as king

In September 1963, today's Malaysia emerged and Almarhum Tuanku Syed Putra became the last king of the Malaya Federation , the first king of Malaysia and the only Malay king who ruled Singapore in modern times .

Raja Syed Putra's tenure was marked by the Konfrontasi , the military conflict, with the larger neighbor Indonesia . Putra offered to stay longer in office as Yang di-Pertuan Agong in order to accompany the conflict to the end, but this was fought off by then Prime Minister Abdul Rahman .

Putra also ordered the proper use of royal insignia ( Royal Regalia at) because he believed that an abuse was partly responsible for the mysterious illness and death of his predecessor Hisamuddin of Selangor responsible.

The Negara Stadium , the Bangunan Parlimen Malaysia (Parliament Building), the Muzium Negara , the Subang International Airport , the Masjid Negara (State Mosque) and the shipyards in Klang on the Strait of Malacca symbolize the successful and happy reign of Putra.

In contrast, the conflict between the People's Action Party and the United Malays National Organization , which ultimately led to Singapore's independence, took place on August 9, 1965, just three weeks before the Merdeka celebrations (independence celebrations) and only one month before his term of office ended.

Later role & death

Syed Putra became the doyen of the Malaysian rulers and was a valuable advisor to his successors, especially during the constitutional crisis under Prime Minister Mahathir bin Mohamad in 1983 and again in 1993. He died in the National Heart Institute , Kuala Lumpur on April 16, 2000. At that time he was the monarch with the longest reign worldwide . Before him, this was Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein until 1989. Putra was buried in the royal mausoleum in Arau, Perlis.

family

Syed Putra was married twice:

  1. In 1941 he married Tengku Budriah binti Tengku Ismail from the Sultanate of Patani in Thailand . She was his queen with the titles of Raja Perempuan by Perlis and Raja Permaisuri Agong . She is the mother of the current Raja of Perlis , Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin, and had four other sons and five daughters
  2. In 1952 he married Che Puan Mariam (née Riam Pessayanavin; 1915–1986) by whom he had three sons and a daughter. She was a Muslim Thai from Bangkok and Miss Siam in 1939.

Honors

Putra received the following honors:

Honors from Perlis

Malaysian honors

Foreign honors

legacy

Jalan Syed Putra , a section of the Federal Highway ( Malaysia Federal Route 2 , JKR 2) between Kuala Lumpur railway station and Mid Valley Megamall , was named after him.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jeffrey Finestone; Shaharil Talib: The Royal Families of South-East Asia. Shahindera Sdn Bhd 1994.
  2. ↑ Penang Free School newsletter December 27, 2002.
  3. ^ HC Willan: Interviews with the Malay rulers. In: CAB101 / 69, CAB / HIST / B / 4/7, 1945.
  4. ↑ Buyong Adil: Sejarah Perlis. 1981: 34-35 DBP.
  5. ↑ Tang Su Chin, Julie: Sejarah Kerajaan Perlis 1841–1957. 2002: 231 MBRAS.
  6. ↑ Tang Su Chin, Julie: Sejarah Kerajaan Perlis 1841–1957. 2002: 232.
  7. ^ Perlis State Council minutes. April 15, 1912. CO273 1098a.386 / 22831
  8. ^ Secret Memorandum Howitt to Shenton Thomas. March 25, 1937. Papers of John Hamer MSS ind. Ocn. s 316 Box 1 File 1
  9. ↑ Tang Su Chin, Julie: Sejarah Kerajaan Perlis 1841–1957. 2002: 232.
  10. ↑ Tang Su Chin, Julie: Sejarah Kerajaan Perlis 1841–1957. 2002: 262
  11. ↑ Tang Su Chin, Julie: Sejarah Kerajaan Perlis 1841–1957. 2002: 266
  12. ^ HC Willan: Interviews with the Malay rulers. In: CAB101 / 69, CAB / HIST / B / 4/7, 1945.
  13. ↑ Tang Su Chin, Julie: Sejarah Kerajaan Perlis 1841–1957. 2002: 267-268
  14. ↑ Tuanku Syed Putra Jamalullail: My Personal Experience Just Before and After the Japanese Occupation of Malaya. In Papers of John Hamer. MSS ind. Ocn. s 316 Box 1 File 1
  15. ^ HC Willan: Interviews with the Malay rulers. In: CAB101 / 69, CAB / HIST / B / 4/7, 1945.
  16. ↑ Mahani Musa: Kongsi Gelap Melayu di Negeri-Negeri Utara Pantai Barat Semenanjung Tanah Melayu, 1821 hingga 1940-an. : 150-160.
  17. ↑ Jeffrey Finestone; Shaharil Talib: The Royal Families of South-East Asia. Shahindera Sdn Bhd 1994.
  18. ↑ Mahani Musa, Kongsi Gelap Melayu di Negeri-Negeri Utara Pantai Barat Semenanjung Tanah Melayu, 1821 hingga 1940-an : 150-160.
  19. ↑ Che Puan Temenggung Perlis: Putra: Biografi yang diperkenankan tentang riwayat hidup DYMM Raja Perlis, Tuanku Syed Putra Jamalullail. 1995: 53, 56.
  20. ↑ Tang Su Chin, Julie: Sejarah Kerajaan Perlis 1841–1957. 2002: 279-297
  21. ↑ Tunku Abdul Rahman: Looking Back. Pustaka Antara, Kuala Lumpur 1977: 343.
  22. ^ Tunku Abdul Rahman (1977) Op Cit p 342
  23. ↑ Utusan Malaysia. April 18, 2000
  24. ↑ เรียม เพศ ย นาวิน ( Memento of the original from March 3, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.skn.ac.th
  25. ^ The Royal Ark, Perlis genealogy details: 4 .
  26. ↑ Senarai Penuh Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat Persekutuan Tahun 1958 .
predecessor Office successor
Syed Hamzah Raja of Perlis
1945-2000 		Syed Sirajuddin
Hisamuddin Alam Shah Yang di-Pertuan Agong
1960-1965 		Ismail Nasiruddin Shah
personal data
SURNAME Putra, Syed
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Tuanku Syed Harun Putra ibni Almarhum Syed Hassan Jamalullail (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Malaysian King, Raja of Perlis
DATE OF BIRTH November 25, 1920
PLACE OF BIRTH Arau , Perlis , Unfederated Malay States , British Malaya
DATE OF DEATH April 16, 2000
Place of death National Heart Institute of Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia