Sypniewo (Więcbork)
| Sypniewo | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Kuyavian Pomeranian | ||
| Powiat : | Sępoleński | ||
| Gmina : | Więcbork | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 22 ' N , 17 ° 19' E | ||
| Residents : | |||
| License plate : | CSE | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Next international airport : | Ignacy Jan Paderewski Airport Bydgoszcz | ||
Sypniewo (German Sittnow ), also Szithna or Szythno , is located in the Polish Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship . The place is part of the urban and rural municipality Więcbork ( Vandsburg ) in the Powiat (district) Sępoleński .
Geographical location
Sittnow was in the former Flatow district in West Prussia . Złotów is about 20 km to the west, Więcbork about 13 km to the east. The Sypniewo station was on the Świecie nad Wisłą – Złotów railway line .
history
The village of Sittnow was mentioned in a document in the Middle Ages (1380). The first owners of the settlement are Janko and Andreas von Sittnow in 1381 . A castle wall, located approx. 2 km west of the town center, bears witness to the medieval history. The place name is probably derived from the Slavic tribe of the 'Sittici' or from the term 'sito' (sieve).
Until 1466, the Teutonic Order was located on the northern border of the former Flatow district . With the extinction of the Jagiellonian hereditary monarchy in 1572, the elective monarchy moved in, so that the local nobility became more and more powerful and the peasants were exposed to the arbitrariness of their landlord in terms of taxes, serfdom and activities.
Until the beginning of the 15th century, the village was owned by the Byszewo monastery , which in the following years probably gave parts of the village as fiefs to various families. From 1435 a note from Steffan in Szythno to the Masovian Martinus has come down to us. In the same year, both the Marzecz and the Kusz from Gołańcz are mentioned as owners of Sittnow . At the same time, the Wianczborski family is listed, whose daughter was married to Nikolaus Zebrzydowski in 1480 . Since the 15th century, Szithna , as it was called at the time, was owned by the Zebrzydowski family . In 1519 Wojciech Zebrzydowski, son of Nikolaus Zebrzydowski (according to other sources Nikolaus von Sittnow-Sypniewski , since 1480 on Sittnow) is listed as the sole owner of Sittnow.
In the following years, several times the ownership structure change: on the family Sypniewski followed the Witoslawski , 1578, the family was Poczałkowski mentioned, the end of the 16th century Bialosliwski , in 1600, the Kruszinskis ( January is named as a half-share owners) who Kartuzys and in 1621 the Łaszewski family . Presumably members of the Zebrzydowski family had sold or loaned parts of the village. Members of the Smoszewski family have been mentioned in connection with Sittnow since the middle of the 17th century . In 1643 Kasper Zebrzydowski pledged his shares to Stefan Rogaliński for 16,000 zloty . In 1680, after the Second Swedish War up to 1660, the widow Katarzyna Tolibowska from Tuczna and her son, Andrzej Smoszewski , Starost von Bobrownik , signed a contract for the leasing of their shares for three years. The tenants were Andrzej Kazimierz Manteuffel -Kiełpiński and his wife Dorota Elżbieta Hebron . They probably received the lease rights from their brother or brother-in-law Daniel Dietrich Hebron for the assignment of the rights to parts of the village of Niwy ( Blumfelde ) in the former Kosznajderia . Andreas Kasimir Manteuffel-Kiełpiński later passed these rights to Ekkard Golczowi , major of the royal family. Polish footguards, ex. At the same time Jan Chełmicki and his wife Agnes Radolińska owned shares in Sypniewo.
At the beginning of the 18th century, family members of Garczyński u. a. Shares of the village 'Sitno'. In 1717 the property belonged to Count Potulicki . They acquired it together with Pęperzyn including the mill, from Andrzej-Teodor von Götzendorf-Grabowski , who acquired the property in 1711 from the widow of Johann Dzialynski (née von Lossow ). The Grabowski sat on Sypniewo until 1824, so it can be assumed that they took over the property again from Count Potulicki or merely pledged it to them. In the meantime, the Gockowskis acquired shares in the village by marrying into the Grabowski family. In 1777 one of their relatives reported that there were three ponds, a brick factory, a fire house, a tar furnace, a lime kiln, the 'Vorwerk Lukowo', a Catholic church and a massive manorial house with the necessary farm buildings as well as an orchard and kitchen garden belong to the place. The jurisdiction, hunting, brewing and distilling justice, as well as the patronage over the church were connected with the property.
Already after the annexation to Prussia , in the year 1773 a protocol of the classification commission for the municipality area raised 21½ hooves as well as two Schulzen houses. A total of 26 fireplaces were registered, and the 'Vorwerk Augustwalde' also belonged to the former community. There were no own meadows in the village and so the cattle had to be driven out on fallow land or in the manorial forest. At that time, Xaver Wiesiołowski was probably the administrator and guardian of the Grabowski sons, who were still underage. The annual income of the village alone was 470 thalers, 52 groschen and 4 pfennigs. The dues to the landlord and the farm services were confirmed in 1829 and only revoked in 1834. Vandsburg (Więcbork) is given as the competent district court (judicial commission). In 1830 Albert Hermann von Wilckens and Franz Friedrich Nagel acquired the old property in Sypniewo, which was built in the middle of the 18th century by the then landlords Grabowski.
On November 25, 1849 Lebrecht von Wilckens-Sypniewo took over the village and the estate as his parents' general representative . On August 27, 1854, he and his sister bought the estate. In place of the old wooden Grabowski estate, the new palace was built in the first half of the 19th century by Karl Friedrich Schinkel, predominantly in the neoclassical style . The palace was also the seat of the Masonic Lodge . Shortly after the palace was built, the grounds were expanded to include a 8.85 hectare park. The Wilkens family mausoleum is located in the park . The marble tomb is surrounded by four granite columns and a granite dome.
With the 19th century the population and area of the municipality of Sypniewos increased steadily. When it belonged to Prussia, the area of the municipality almost doubled from 327 hectares in 1835 to 634 hectares in 1880. Up to the beginning of the 20th century, various territories were exchanged, for example. B. on April 20, 1909 the exchange of land with the estate district of Klasshöh in the Prussian district of Wirsitz .
After the end of the First World War , Sypniewo came back to Polish territory . At the beginning of the Second World War , Sypniewo was occupied by German troops in 1939. The Second World War ended in Sypniewo on January 29, 1945, and the flight of the German population began. The Wilckens family also left their traditional seat. After the war, the castle became the seat of an agricultural school. Today the restored castle is used as a hotel with a restaurant.
church
As a church branch of Pęperzyn, Sypniewo was already a Protestant parish in the 17th century, but its half-timbered church burned down, so that in 1739 a new church building was built. The new church was completed in 1781 on the foundations of the old church. Shortly afterwards this was demolished and the evangelical preacher expelled from the place (see Pęperzyn ).
The evangelical parish of Sypniewo was formed in 1888 from localities previously parish in Vandsburg (except for the places Illowo and Jasdrowo , which were parish in Grunau - Runowo Krajeńskie ).
Attractions
- Schinkel Palace (built in 1835), a mansion built in the neoclassical style.
- Castle park, second half of the 19th century.
- Mausoleum of the Wilckens family.
- 18th century church.
gallery
Sypniewo - palace
Sypniewo - Park
Sypniewo - mausoleum
Sypniewo - Church
Personalities
- Andrzej Smoszewski (* ~ 1650), Starost von Bobrownik.
- Fritz Leberecht von Wilckens (1861–1913), member of the German Reichstag.
References
literature
- Prussian provincial sheets . Volume 53, 1855.
- Erich Joachim et al .: Regesta historica-diplomatica Ordinis S. Mariae Theutonicorum, 1198–1525. Part 1, Volume 1, 1973.
- Walther Hubatsch : Outline of German administrative history 1815–1945. Volume 2, 1975.
- Otto Goerke: The Flatow district, with an addendum by Manfred Vollack . Gifhorn, 1981.
- Włodzimierz Dworzaczek : Teki Dworzaczek: Materiały historyczno-genealogiczne do dziejów szlachty wielkopolskiej XV-XX wieku. 1995–2004 by Biblioteka Kórnicka PAN, (partly online ).
