Zipsendorf opencast mine
| Zipsendorf opencast mine | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
| other names | Zipsendorf-West opencast mine, Zipsendorf-South opencast mine | ||
| Mining technology | Open pit | ||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Start of operation | 1938 | ||
| End of operation | 1964 | ||
| Successor use | Renaturation to the remaining hole in Zipsendorf | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Brown coal | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 2 '59.8 " N , 12 ° 14' 54.4" E | ||
|
|||
| local community | Elsteraue , Meuselwitz | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Burgenlandkreis, Altenburger Land | ||
| country | State of Saxony-Anhalt | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Central German lignite district | ||
The Zipsendorf opencast mine was an opencast mine of the central German lignite mining area consisting of the two opencast mines Zipsendorf-West (1938–1952) and Zipsendorf-South (1948–1964) . He served for the extraction of lignite and was in Meuselwitz Altenburger-coal mining area . After the closure, the remaining Zipsendorf hole was created on part of the area.
Geographical location
The opencast mines Zipsendorf-West and Zipsendorf-Süd were located west of Meuselwitz . Until 1952 they were almost completely in the territory of the Prussian province of Saxony or the state of Saxony-Anhalt . After the districts were formed in 1952, the smaller eastern part of the open-cast mining area belonged to the Leipzig district ( Altenburg district ), the western part to the Halle district ( Zeitz district ). As a result, the state border between Thuringia ( Altenburger Land district ) and Saxony-Anhalt ( Burgenland district ) has run through the area since 1990 . In terms of landscape, the area is assigned to the Altenburg-Zeitz loess hill country. The former Zipsendorf opencast mines were located between the village of Rehmsdorf in the municipality of Elsteraue in the west and the districts of Zipsendorf and Brossen in the east, which today belong to Meuselwitz . Both opencast mines were separated from each other by the Zeitz – Altenburg railway line .
history
Beginning of lignite mining in the Prussian part of the Meuselwitz-Altenburg district
In the 17th century there is the first documentary evidence of lignite mining in the Altenburger Land and especially in the urban area of Meuselwitz. Regular mining of lignite did not begin until the 19th century. From the middle of the 19th century, lignite was mined in the Meuselwitz-Altenburg district using civil engineering . In 1871, under the leadership of the Zeitz banker Baumann, the Leipzig factory owner Penndorf and various landowners, the Prehlitz brown coal company was founded. This also resulted in the development of new coal fields in the Zipsendorf corridor. The companies "Schäde" and "Bismarck" were founded in 1891. At times they had a workforce of around 2,000 men . The “Bismarck” mine was later acquired by the “Leonhard” lignite works in Wuitz and Spora. In 1912 this moved its headquarters to Zipsendorf. In the Zipsendorf area, the following two of the five underground pits in the Prussian western part of the Meuselwitz-Altenburg district were in operation:
| Name of the underground pit | Operating time |
|---|---|
| Prince Bismarck No. 138 | 1893-1940 |
| Damage pit No. 148 | 1901-1914 |
With the Altenburg – Meuselwitz – Zeitz railway line, which opened in 1872 and where the neighboring towns of Wuitz and Mumsdorf in Zipsendorf had a joint station, lignite mining experienced an upswing, as new sales markets could be opened up with the railway. From 1902 the railway line to Gera branched off from Wuitz-Mumsdorf station , which also gave Zipsendorf a railway connection and Gera could be better supplied with coal from the district. Several briquette factories were built around Zipsendorf :
| Place (today's affiliation) | Name of the briquette factory | Operating time |
|---|---|---|
| Meuselwitz | To progress | 1893-1948 |
| Zipsendorf (district of Meuselwitz) | Club happiness I (Zipsendorf I) | 1884-1967 |
| Prince Bismarck (Zipsendorf III) | 1908-1991 | |
| Club happiness II (Zipsendorf IV) | 1910- nb | |
| Mumsdorf (district of Meuselwitz) | Phoenix (Mumsdorf) | 1912-2000 |
| Spora (village of Elsteraue with districts) | Prehlitzer brown coal works | nb-1889 |
| Wuitz (devastated corridor belongs to the village of Rehmsdorf in the municipality of Elsteraue) | Leonhard I | 1907-1968 |
| Leonhard II | 1905-1966 |
After 1900, smaller open-cast lignite mines were opened in the Zipsendorf area . These were u. a. the damage pit (1902–1934), the damage pit II (1934–1940) and the opencast mines Leonhard I (Wuitz) (1909–1919) and Leonhard II (Sedan) (1918–1926). At the beginning of the 1940s, the last of these open-cast mines was closed with the damage pit II.
The opencast mines Zipsendorf-West and Zipsendorf-Süd
With the opening of the "Leonhard III" opencast mine in 1938, later referred to as the "Zipsendorf-West opencast mine", large-scale coal mining began to the northwest of Zipsendorf. As a result, the place Mumsdorf, which was politically a Thuringian enclave until 1950, became an enclave in the lignite area, as the open pit Phönix-Mumsdorf (1910–1928) had already mined the area east of the place and the open pit Zipsendorf-West now the western area to the northern edge of the Zeitz-Altenburg railway line. Oberhaide (district of Rehmsdorf ), west of Mumsdorf on Prussian territory, was resettled in 1938 and dredged over in 1940. Most of the 30 residents moved to Wuitz , which, however, met the same fate as Oberhaide in the mid-1950s.
While the Zipsendorf-West opencast mine ceased operations in 1952, the “Zipsendorf-Süd opencast mine” had already been opened in 1948 south of the Zeitz-Altenburg railway line. As a result of administrative reform in the GDR in 1952, the eastern area of the opencast mines now ran the border between the districts of Halle and Leipzig . Zipsendorf, Mumsdorf, Brossen and Falkenhain have belonged to the Altenburg district in the Leipzig district since then and to Thuringia since 1990. The Zipsendorf-Süd opencast mine spread between 1948 and 1964 to the area south of the Zeitz-Altenburg railway line between Sprossen in the west, Oelsen in the south and Brossen in the east. As a result, the 644 residents of Wuitz and the 338 residents of Sabissa had to leave their places west of Zipsendorf between 1954 and 1956 . Only the Wuitz-Mumsdorf train station northeast of Wuitz survived the demolition.
| Open pit | Start of operating time | End of operating time |
|---|---|---|
| Zipsendorf-West | 1938 | 1952 |
| Zipsendorf-South | 1948 | 1964 |
After the Zipsendorf-Süd opencast mine was closed, the remaining hole in the opencast mine was used as a landfill for years. Among other things, waste products were discharged via pipelines from the Zeitz hydrogenation plant ( Tröglitz ). After the rise in the groundwater, a body of water that is suitable for swimming was created as a post- mining landscape in the remaining hole in Zipsendorf .
Devastated localities
| places | Year of relocation / devastation | Residents | Open pit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oberhaide | around 1940 | 30th | Zipsendorf-West |
| Joke | 1954-1956 | 644 | Zipsendorf-South |
| Sabissa | 1955-1956 | 338 | Zipsendorf-South |
Web links
- Description of the Meuselwitz-Altenburger lignite district in a PDF document from the LMBV
- The Zipsendorf-Süd opencast mine at www.devastiert.de
Individual evidence
- ^ Zipsendorf on www.schnaudertal.de
- ↑ The Gera-Pforten-Wuitz-Mumsdorf railway line at www.schnaudertal.de
- ↑ Mumsdorf on gov.genealogy.net
- ^ History of Oberhaide
- ↑ Wuitz on www.devastiert.de ( Memento of the original from March 9, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Sabissa on www.devastiert.de ( Memento of the original from March 9, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
