Konvikts connections in Tübingen

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Inner courtyard of the Wilhelmsstift at the fountain festival

The Konvikts connections in Tübingen are seven Catholic theologians connections at the Theologenkonvikt Wilhelmsstift in Tübingen , most of which existed at the same time. Danubia, founded in 1840, is one of the earliest German denominational student associations . It was followed in 1848 by the theological societies Herzynia, Arminia and Staufia, in 1866 Allemannia, and in 1870 Guelfia. After the Second World War, the still active Academic Association Albertus Magnus was founded in 1958.

Wilhelmsstiftler in the Tübingen corporations

Covenant head of Elvacia, drawn on are circles and the names of all members 1833–1836

With the incorporation of the Catholic State University of Ellwangen as a Catholic theological faculty in the University of Tübingen in 1817, in the course of the establishment of the Diocese of Rottenburg, the training of priests was relocated to Tübingen ( diocesant theologians ) and Rottenburg ( candidates for priesthood ). In Tübingen was the former illustrious Collegium the theological convent Wilhelmstift furnished.

Soon after moving from Ellwangen to Tübingen, the students became members of the local student associations. So there are convicts of the Wilhelmsstift u. a. on lists of members of Corps Suevia II, Danubia and Rhenania , as well as the Germania fraternity and the fire rider fraternity. Initially, it was possible that aspirants to the priesthood were members of successful connections, since the duel had been punished with severe penalties by the Council of Trent , but not the mensur system . It was not until 1831 that the house rules forbade the Konviktors to use gauges.

Predecessor connection Elvacia

On October 18, 1833, during the semester break in Ellwangen, the non-binding association Elvacia was founded, which consisted of 34 Tübingen theology students from the Ellwangen area. Elvacia was based at Wilhelmsstift and was fraternized. The colors were black-red-gold. The Elvacia existed from 1833 to 1836, as well as in the winter semester 1840/41, after which it is no longer mentioned.

Tübingen Konviktsverbindungen

With the new house rules of the Wilhelmsstift from 1831 it was forbidden to take part in the commers and bars of the connections. The already limited exit of the Konviktoren was further shortened, but visiting the inn was allowed. In order to continue cultivating the student traditions, the Konviktoren felt compelled to establish Konviktsintern connections based on the Elvacia model. Six to eight smaller tavern societies were established before 1840 that cultivated student customs. In 1840 the Königgesellschaft (not to be confused with the Roigel Royal Society in Tübingen ) was founded in the König Gasthaus and was initially recruited from students from the Rottweil, Tuttlingen and Spaichingen regional offices. Later students from Upper Swabia joined the group, who over time made up the majority of the members. The royal society dissolved on June 18, 1848, and immediately re-established as the theological society Danubia.

At the same time, on June 18, 1848, three further theological societies were founded: Herzynia, Staufia and Arminia.

The other theological societies were also organized as a country team, so the students from the Black Forest region gathered in Herzynia , students from the Gmünd - Göppingen - Heilbronn - Mergentheim region at Staufia , and the students from the Ellwangen - Neresheim region at Arminia . In 1857, however, after some convicts had overstrained their freedoms, the house rules were tightened and the establishment of and membership in associations was generally prohibited.

"1. The free exits, which increased too much, especially in the years 1848 and 1849 due to changes in the statutes and creeping observance, are to be limited in the interests of study and discipline.
2. The external conditions and the internal arrangement of the house make the general ban on visiting the inn impossible. No immodest use should be made of this privilege; It is not permitted to stay in the inns during the small exits after lunch until 2 p.m.
3. It is strictly forbidden for the convicts to participate in any country team or other student association or to found pub associations of the type of association. "

- Episcopal Ordinariate Rottenburg : Provisional statutory provisions for the Wilhelmsstift in Tübingen from October 16, 1857

Since visiting a pub was not forbidden, but the connections mainly met in the restaurants, the ban was difficult to enforce and only lasted for a short time. Furthermore, the connections were tolerated by the house management, despite the official ban. It was not until 1869 that it appeared that the days of the Konvikts connections were numbered, because due to a papal decree, all student activities were prohibited at the seminaries and higher convicts, as this was not compatible with the ideas of a Tridentine seminary. This also affected all Konvikts connections, all of which were forcibly closed. But the 1869 ban also lasted for a short time. Despite the dissolution, the leagues continued to exist loosely, so that the Danubia and Herzynia could officially reactivate themselves again in 1870. The Arminia had already ceased to exist before 1857 due to the relatively small catchment area of ​​its members, while the Staufia merged into the Guelfia theological society founded in 1870.

The house management, which had finally come to an arrangement with the Konvikts connections after 1870, took advantage of the group control of the connections towards their members. Above all, the up to 51 Konviktors annually, who for reasons of space did not live in the Wilhelmsstift but rather externally and thus could evade any control, came back into the field of vision of the Wilhelmsstift management. Strict moral standards also prevailed in the Konvikts connections. So three members of the Guelfia were excluded from this because after a trip to Reutlingen, together with a waitress, they drove back to Tübingen in one instead of separate sleds. Another candidate for the priesthood was dishonorably dismissed from his corporation because of a secret love affair, even before he was expelled from the Wilhelmsstift house management for the same reason. The few who were not incorporated into any of the three Konvikts connections were therefore viewed with suspicion. Again and again there were complaints about the members of the connections, whose way of life, free spirit, alcohol consumption were a thorn in the side of the bishop and again and again it was thought about banning the connections again, which was not implemented.

With the DC circuit of the student connections during the Nazi regime and the Konviktsverbindungen 1,936 were forcibly dissolved. After the Second World War, the bishop and house management had reservations when the convicts wanted to reactivate their connections. This was not achieved until 1958 with the establishment of the AV Albertus Magnus. The still living old gentlemen of Danubia, Herzynia and Guelfia were accepted into the old gentlemen's association of Albertus Magnus.

Number of members of the Konviktsverbindungen in the Empire

The following excerpt from the membership lists shows the number of members of the three Konvikts connections between 1880 and 1913, as well as the total number of theology students. Due to a gap in the records, the semesters 1893/94 to 1909/10 are missing. It can be seen that the majority of the Wilhelmsstift students were members of one of the theological societies.

Winter semester Danubia Herzynia Guelfia total Total number of theologians
1880/81 54 23 59 136 145
1881/82 56 27 56 139 144
1882/83 55 24 58 137 148
1883/84 59 27 53 139 156
1884/85 61 28 59 148 160
1885/86 55 31 53 139 156
1886/87 60 38 42 140 156
1887/88 59 26th 41 126 148
1888/89 58 29 49 136 147
1889/90 62 32 41 135 143
1890/91 66 38 52 156 163
1891/92 57 39 59 155 162
1892/93 57 42 57 156 168
1910/11 73 44 55 172 184
1911/12 71 39 k. A. 110 + x 171
1912/13 67 39 43 149 163

Danubia

The colored Danubia was the first of a total of seven Konvikts connections, some of which existed at the same time, and was founded in 1840 as a royal society. At first it consisted of students from the Rottweil-Tuttlingen-Spaichingen region, later the members from the Upper Swabian region took over, so that the royal society dissolved on June 18, 1848, and immediately re-established as Danubia.

Its name goes back to the Latin name of the river Danube and refers to the origin of the members of the Danubia, who came from the area of Upper Swabia . Their colors were red-white-green. The coat of arms consists of the banner ("Danubia sei's Panier") and the upper coat of arms in the form of a helmet with a helmet cover and three ostrich feathers in the connecting colors as a helmet ornament. The coat of arms is divided into four fields by a golden cross, at the intersection of which the circle is located. In the heraldic field on the top right there are again the colors of Danubia, heraldic on the lower right a Danube landscape as a regional reference. Heraldically on the top left is the tiara on the crossed keys as a reference to the church on a green background , heraldically on the bottom left the stag sticks of the Kingdom of Württemberg on a gold background.

The circle consists of the letters v, c, f and d as well as the exclamation mark and is read as "Vivat circulum fratrum Danubiarum" (Long live the circle of the brothers of Danubia). The Danubia pubs in the Gasthof zum König (today multi-storey car park Altstadt-König) and existed until it was forced to close in 1936. The motto of the Danubia was “Per iuventutem ad virtutem” (“Through youth to manhood”).

  • Theological Society of Danubia

  • Danubia coat of arms

  • Danubia Circle

  • Gasthof zum König, Tübingen

Herzynia

With the Herzynia Tübingen, the second theological society was also founded in Wilhelmsstift on June 18, 1848. The Herzynia developed from the already existing Lenzeigegesellschaft, the date of which is unknown. The members of the Herzynia were recruited from the Black Forest region, which explains the name, which is derived from the Herkynian Forest . The colors of the Herzynia were red-white-blue and were worn in ribbons and tails. The motto was “Faithful and Free” and the members lived according to the principles: light, love, life. The coat of arms consists of the upper coat of arms in the form of a helmet with ostrich feathers and a helmet cover in the connecting colors. The coat of arms is divided into four fields. The heraldic field at the top right shows a black Greek cross (in some illustrations also shown as a paw cross ) on a gold background, the heraldic lower right shows the miter with crosier and ferula in gold on a black background . The heraldic field at the top left consists of the colors of Herzynia with the circle, the heraldic field at the bottom left is the imperial eagle from the coat of arms of the German Empire on a gold background. The Herzynia opened their pubs and Kommerse until 1855 in the Lenzei brewery restaurant (today: Atelier Café Haag), later in the Eberhard restaurant (today: Hades). The Herzynia existed until its forced dissolution in 1936. The Herzynia circle consists of the letters f, c, h, v and the exclamation mark and is read as “Vivat circulum fratrum Herzyniarum!” (Long live the circle of the Herzynia brothers!).

  • Theological Society of Herzynia

  • Herzynia coat of arms

  • Herzynia Circle

  • Lenzei restaurant, Tübingen

Arminia

Arminia was founded on June 18, 1848, and its members came from the Ellwangen-Neresheim region. Colors and motto are not known. The Arminia is no longer mentioned in the first connection ban in 1857. It can therefore be assumed that it was already extinguished at this point in time. The reason for this was probably the small catchment area of ​​its members. An attempt to reactivate itself in the mid-1860s failed. Arminia stayed in the Hanskarle restaurant (today the main office of the Kreissparkasse Tübingen).

Staufia

The Staufia was also founded on June 18, 1848. Their colors were black-gold-blue, the motto is unknown. The name Staufia refers to the Hohenstaufen , one of the Three Kaiser Mountains . The members of the Staufia were recruited from (Schwäbisch) Gmünd, Göppingen, Geislingen, Heilbronn, Neckarsulm and (Bad) Mergentheim. The Staufia pubs in the Tübingen Eifertei and after the ban on connections in 1869 it merged with the Guelfia, which was later founded. Schmidgall suspects fraternity influences at the Staufia, since the name Staufia does not sound like a country team and the Staufia appropriated the colors of the Tübingen fraternity of fire riders.

Allemannia

The Allemannia was founded in the winter semester of 1866/67 by 22 former Danubes who came from northern Upper Swabia. Neither their colors nor the motto are known. From 1868 to 1869 the Allemannia pubs in the Tübingen Schottei. After the ban on connections, the Allemannia still consisted of nine members who were later founding members of the Guelfia.

Guelfia

After another short-term ban on the Konvikts connections in 1869, the colorful Guelfia was founded on November 30, 1870. As with the postponed connections Arminia and Staufia, the members of the Guelfia were mainly recruited from students from northern Württemberg. The name Guelfia goes back to the medieval, pap-loyal group of the Guelfs . The motto of the Guelfia, which at the same time represented its principles, was "Virtus, Honor, Amicitia!" (Bravery, honor, friendship!). The colors were red-gold-blue. The coat of arms consisted of the upper coat of arms in the form of a helmet with three ostrich feathers in the connecting colors. The heraldic shield is divided into four fields at the intersection of which is shown in a smaller shield of the circle. Heraldically at the top right the connecting colors are shown again, heraldically at the bottom right on a golden background the three Württemberg stag poles and lions. The heraldic upper left is the Hohentübingen Castle as a reference to the place of foundation , heraldic lower left on a silver background is the tiara on the crossed keys. The Guelfia circle consists of the letters v, c, f, g and l as well as the exclamation mark and is read as "Vivat circulum fratrum Guelfiarium!" (Long live the circle of the Guelfia brothers!). The Guelfia existed until it was forcibly dissolved in 1936 and pubs in the Hanskarle restaurant (today the main office of the Kreissparkasse Tübingen).

  • Theological Society of Guelfia

  • Guelfia coat of arms

  • Guelfia Circle

  • Economy at Hanskarle, Tübingen

Academic connection Albertus Magnus

After the end of the Second World War, thought was given to reactivating the old pre-war connections, but this failed due to reservations by the diocese and the management. Only with the help of the former director of the Wilhelmsstift and later auxiliary bishop Wilhelm Sedlmeier was it possible to continue the tradition of the Konvikts connections on May 30, 1958. The seventh society of theologians was founded, named after Saint Albert the Great , the patron saint of students. The AV Albertus is a color-leading combination with the colors black-gold-black. Initially, the colors were only carried in the corners, today ribbon is sometimes also worn. Due to the fact that no hats are worn, they are still considered to be color-leading. The motto is: Deo et amico (For God and the friend), its principles are: religio, scientia, amicitia (religion, science, friendship).

At first, the AV Albertus Magnus, like its predecessors, was only intended for the diocesant theologians of the Wilhelmsstift. With the loosening of the rules and the opening of the Wilhelmsstift to the outside world in the 1960s / 1970s, lay Catholic theologians were also admitted, and in the mid-1990s, female students too. Today the AV Albertus Magnus is a mixed Catholic student union for students of all disciplines, but is still based at the Wilhelmsstift. In contrast to the Konviktsverbindungen before 1936, the pubs and Kommerse now also take place in the Wilhelmsstift.

The coat of arms of the AV Albertus Magnus consists of an upper coat of arms in the form of a helmet with stylized ostrich feathers in the connecting colors. The coat of arms consists of a golden cross on a black background, and corresponds to the coat of arms of the diocese Rottenburg-Stuttgart. The circle is shown at the intersection. The diocesan coat of arms was supplemented by the three-lobed, red gonfanon with three rings of the Count Palatine of Tübingen in the heraldic field at the top right, which is also the city coat of arms of the university city of Tübingen. The circle of the AV Albertus Magnus consists of the letters v, c, f, a and m, as well as the exclamation mark and is called "Vivat, crescat, floreat AV Albertus Magnus!" (Long live, grow, bloom the AV Albertus Magnus!) read.

  • AV Albertus Magnus

  • Coat of arms of the AV Albertus Magnus

  • Circle of the AV Albertus Magnus

  • Wilhelmsstift, Tübingen

Well-known members of the Tübingen Konviktsverbindungen

Danubia

Herzynia

Guelfia

AV Albertus Magnus

  • Eberhard Amon , head of the German Liturgical Institute, Trier
  • Gebhard Fürst , Bishop of the Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart
  • Timm Kern , political scientist, historian and theologian, member of the FDP state parliament for Baden-Württemberg
  • Johannes Kreidler , Titular Bishop of Edistiana and Auxiliary Bishop a. D. of the Diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart
  • Eberhard Schockenhoff , priest and professor for moral theology
  • Hubert Wolf , priest and church historian

Catholic theologians and Konvikts connections at other universities

In the course of time, theologian and Konvikts connections developed at other universities as well. The VKTh Burgundia has existed at the Collegium Albertinum in Bonn since 1896, the K.Th.St.V. since 1898. Colonia and since 1900 the StVkTh Rhenofrankonia , both of which accept male theology students . In Switzerland, the AV Curiensis in Chur and the AV Leonina in Freiburg in Üechtland were originally founded as a theologian association.

Sources and literature

swell

  • Schmidgall collection at Tübingen University Archives . Estate: 1799–1978 (call number UAT 214).
  • Schmidgall Studentica Collection at the University Archives Tübingen (signature S 161).
  • Georg Schmidgall: Tübingen Konviktoren and the connection system. , in: Ellwanger Jahrbuch, Volume 14, 1947/1948. (Pages 105-137).
  • Georg Schmidgall: Tübingen Konviktoren and the connection system: with special consideration of the "Elvacia" and the theologians from Ellwangen . Schwabenverlag 1949.
  • Werner Groß: The Wilhelmsstift Tübingen: 1817 - 1869. Theological training in the field of tension between state and church (Contubernium. Tübingen Contributions to the History of University and Science, Vol. 32), 2nd edition, JCB Mohr (Paul Siebeck), Tübingen 1978/1984. ISBN 3-16-444823-6 .
  • Martin Biastoch : Tübingen students in the German Empire. A socio-historical investigation. (Contubernium. Tübingen Contributions to the History of University and Science, Vol. 44). Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Sigmaringen 1994. ISBN 3-7995-3236-6 .

literature

  • Robert Lukaschek: Enchiridion historiae, morum et rationum societatis academicae Alberti Magni Tubingensis. Tübingen 1994. (University Library Tübingen, signature AT 95 / 26-4).
  • Michael Kuhn: The Tübingen theological societies in documentation, presentation and discussion. Germering 2007–2009. ISSN  1867-7460 . (DNB Frankfurt, signature Z 2008 A 397).
  • Wilhelm Neusel (ed.): Small castles, large villas - Tübingen fraternity houses in portrait. Working group Tübingen connections 2009. ISBN 3924123705 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Archive of the Episcopal Ordinariate Rottenburg / Archive of the Wilhelmsstift Tübingen, quoted from Groß.
  2. ↑ A Wilhelmsstift D 14.1r No. 2 The individual companies. Lists of members from 1867 to 1913. Archive of the Wilhelmsstift, quoted from Biastoch.
  3. ^ EH Eberhard: Handbook of the student liaison system. Leipzig, 1924/25, p. 112.
  4. ^ EH Eberhard: Handbook of the student liaison system. Leipzig, 1924/25, p. 112.
  5. ^ EH Eberhard: Handbook of the student liaison system. Leipzig, 1924/25, p. 112.
  6. ↑ Website of Burgundia Bonn ( Memento of the original from September 25, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.burgundia-bonn.de
  7. ^ Website of the Rhenofrankonia Bonn .