Timur Magometowitsch Enejew

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Timur Magometowitsch Enejew ( Russian Тимур Магометович Энеев ; born September 23, 1924 in Grozny ; † September 8, 2019 ) was a Soviet / Russian physicist and mathematician of Balkar origin.

Life

Eneev's father was the Balkarian communist Magomed Aliyevich Enejew , who fought for the Soviet power in the North Caucasus and committed suicide in 1928. Eneev's mother was the economist Yevgenia Petrovna nee Feodorowa. His first name Temir means iron . As a student, Enejew saw a book by Konstantin Ziolkowski . He began to be interested in space travel and liked going to the planetarium . At the beginning of the German-Soviet War he worked in an armaments factory. His right arm was so badly injured on a defective machine that it had to be amputated.

In 1943 Enejew began studying mechanics - mathematics - faculty of Lomonosov University Moscow (MGU). He took part in the Kosmodemjansky seminar on mechanics of bodies with variable mass , in which the mechanics of rocket flight was studied. A long friendship developed with Dmitri Ochozimski . He published his first scientific work in the third year of his studies in the closed journal of the Committee No. 2 for Missile Technology at the Council of Ministers of the USSR . He completed his studies in 1948 with a diploma thesis on the program control of a rocket in the atmosphere . He then became an aspirant in the Mechanics Research Institute of the MGU and also worked at the Moscow Steklov Institute of Mathematics of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (AN-SSSR) .

In 1951, after successfully completing his apprenticeship, Enejew was accepted into the Department of Applied Mathematics headed by Mstislaw Keldysch at the Steklow Institute , which in 1953 became a separate institute of the AN-SSSR. Since then Enejew has led a group in Department No. 5, headed by Dmitri Ochozimski, which worked closely with Sergei Korolev's experimental design office OKB-1 . In 1951 he investigated problems with the orientation control of multi-stage missiles . His results were used when the Sputnik 1 was started . The problems of calculating Sputnik's orbit in the upper atmosphere were also solved. Later Enejew examined the prospects of using electric space propulsion systems for flights in interplanetary space . In 1957 he became a member of the CPSU . In 1959 he received his doctorate in physical-mathematical sciences . In 1968 he became a corresponding member of the AN-SSSR.

In the 1970s, Enejew began using computer modeling to investigate the large-scale structures and movements of many- body ensembles . He showed that when a body flies through a disk-shaped particle cloud, spiral-shaped structures form, as are typical of galaxies . Based on Otto Schmidt's ideas , he investigated the formation of planets from a particle cloud. With his model, based on simple basic assumptions, he was not only able to reproduce the relationships between the masses and orbital radii of the planets in the solar system , but also the direction of rotation of the planets' own rotation . In 1992 he became a real member of the now Russian Academy of Sciences (RAN) .

With regard to the danger of asteroids , Enejew investigated the movement of small bodies in the solar system from a great distance to Earth . On the basis of his modeling, he also developed a method for modeling the processes of macromolecule formation . He was editor-in-chief of Cosmic Research magazine and a member of many science councils and editorial boards.

In the 1970s Enejew also took part in environmental problem discussions . He made an important contribution to the fight against the project of diverting the rivers flowing north to the south. He participated in the campaign against the pollution of Lake Baikal by industrial companies. Since the early 1990s he has been involved in the movement for spiritual renewal based on Russian Orthodoxy . After a call by 10 academy members in 2007 against the increasing influence of the church, Enejew wrote an open letter together with Gennady Malzew , Felix Kuznetsov , Georgi Zavarsin and Georgi Golitsyn , in which, among other things, religious instruction in schools and the recognition of academic degrees in theology were demanded . Eneev participated in the Science and Faith Seminar of the Moscow Orthodox Saint Tikhon University of the Humanities .

The minor planet (5711) Eneev , discovered by Lyudmila Tschernych in 1978 , was named after Enejew.

Honors, prizes

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Profile on the website of the Russian Academy of Sciences
  2. ↑ a b c Article Enejew Timur Magometowitsch in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)http: //vorlage_gse.test/1%3D037448~2a%3DEnejew%20Timur%20Magometowitsch~2b%3DEnejew%20Timur%20Magometowitsch
  3. ↑ a b c Лауреат Демидовской премии Энеев Тимур Магометович (accessed August 28, 2017).
  4. ↑ DJ Ochozimski, TM Enejew: Некоторые вариационные задачи, связанные с запуском искусственного спутника Земли . In: Успехи физических наук . tape 63 , 1a, 1957, pp. 33-50 .
  5. ↑ DJ Ochozimski, TM Enejew, Г. П. Таратынова: Определение времени существования искусственного спутника Земли и и иссление и иссленика и иссление и иссленика земли и иссленика земли и иссленование векоий вемие векоий вухование векоз векоз вемие векоий вух векоз векоз вехование векоз . In: Успехи физических наук . tape 63 , 1a, 1957, pp. 5-32 .
  6. ↑ TM Enejew, Р. З. Ахметшин, Г. Б. Ефимов, М. С. Константинов, Г. Г. Федотов: Баллистический анализ межпланетных полетов космических аппаратов с электроракетнымаи двирякетнымаи двиракетныма . In: Математическое моделирование . tape 12 , no. 5 , 2000, pp. 33-38 .
  7. ↑ Н. Н. Козлов, R. æ. Syunjajew , TM Enejew: Гравитационное взаимодействие галактик . In: Вестник Российской академии наук . No. 7 , 1974, p. 50-61 .
  8. ↑ TM Enejew, Н. Н. Козлов: Модель аккумуляционного процесса формирования планетных систем. II. Вращение планет и связь модели с теорией гравитационной неустойчивости . In: Астрономический вестник . tape 15 , no. 3 , 1981, p. 131-141 .
  9. ↑ TM Enejew: К вопросу об астероидной опасности . In: Компьютерные инструменты . tape 2 , 2003, p. 13-19 .
  10. ↑ TM Enejew, Г. Б. Ефимов: Миграция малых тел в Солнечной системе . In: Земля и Вселенная . No. 1 , 2005, p. 80-89 .
  11. ↑ Козлов Н.Н., Козырева Е.Е., Кугушев Е.И., Сабитов Д.И., Enejew Т.М .: Численное исследование процессов структуризации макромолекул РНК . In: Препринт ИПМ им. М. В. Келдыша РАН . No. 69 , 1995, pp. 22 ( [1] accessed on August 28, 2017).
  12. ^ Cosmic Research (accessed August 28, 2017).
  13. ↑ Письмо других академиков. Заявление представителей РАН в связи с "письмом десяти" (accessed August 28, 2017).
  14. ^ Lutz Schmadel : Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Volume 1 . Springer Science & Business Media, 2003, ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3 , pp. 484 .
  15. ↑ RAN: Золотая медаль имени М.В. Келдыша (accessed August 28, 2017).
personal data
SURNAME Enejew, Timur Magometowitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Энеев, Тимур Магометович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Balkar-Russian-Soviet physicist and mathematician
DATE OF BIRTH September 23, 1924
PLACE OF BIRTH Grozny
DATE OF DEATH September 8, 2019