Dmitri Yevgenyevich Ochozimski

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dmitri Yevgenyevich Ochozimski

Dmitri Evgenjewitsch Ochozimski ( Russian Дмитрий Евгеньевич Охоцимский ; born February 26, 1921 in Moscow ; † December 18, 2005 ibid) was a Russian physicist , mathematician and university professor .

Life

Ochozimski's father, Yevgeny Pawlowitsch Ochozimski, was a lawyer and accounting expert . Ochozimskis Polish grandfather Pawel Timofejewitsch Ochozimski was a pharmacist and owner of a homeopathy - pharmacy in Moscow. Ochozimski's mother, Vera Mikhailovna, née Korotkewitsch-Gladkaja, was the daughter of the military doctor Mikhail Karpowitsch Korotkewitsch-Gladki, who died at an early age, and became a German teacher. The family lived in two rooms of a shared apartment in an old Moscow house until 1961 .

Middle school was easy for Ochozimski, so he also did sports and attended the Gnessin Music School of the Gnessin Institute . However, in 1935 he had to stop his music activities due to illness. After graduating with distinction in 1939, he began studying at the Mechanical and Physical Faculty of Moscow University (MGU). Than at the beginning of the German-Soviet war came to the closure of the faculty, Ochozimski was with the other students in July 1941 to dig anti-tank ditches confiscated. Then he worked as a lathe operator in an armaments factory . In June 1942 he was drafted into the Red Army . In autumn 1942 he was demobilized because of his severe myopia . He completed a tractor driver course at MGU and then worked as a tractor driver in the machine-tractor station in Rusa Rajon . In October 1943 he returned to the MGU. In order to optimize the flight of a rocket , he solved a degenerate variation problem for the first time since Leonhard Euler with a new method that was similar to the later Pontryagin principle. Ochozimski graduated with a diploma thesis from Sergei Alexejewitsch Christianowitsch in 1945.

After completing his studies, Ochozimski worked as a research assistant at the Moscow Steklow Institute for Mathematics (MIAN) of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (AN-SSSR, since 1991 Russian Academy of Sciences (RAN)) in the department headed by Leonid Weniaminowitsch Keldysch . In 1946, on behalf of Keldysch, he organized a small working group for rocket flight and space research, which included Timur Magometowitsch Enejew and Vsevolod Alexandrovich Jegorow . Ochozimski graduated from the postgraduate at Keldysh and defended in 1949 his candidate dissertation on the rocket flight. In 1953, Keldysch's department with Ochozimski's working group became the MIAN's Department of Applied Mathematics . In 1958 Ochozimski received his doctorate in physical-mathematical sciences without defending a dissertation . Under Keldysch's leadership, Ochozimski's group participated in the Soviet space project . She developed the ballistics parts of the Soviet space projects. Together with Michail Lwowitsch Lidow , Ochozimski determined the trajectories for the Luna program and especially for the Lunik 3 lunar probe , which photographed the back of the moon in 1959 . In 1966, Keldysh's MIAN department became the new Moscow Institute of Applied Mathematics (IPM) of the AN-SSSR, in which Ochozimski's group became Department No. 5.

In 1959, on the initiative of Nikolai Gurjewitsch Tschetajew, Ochozimski was appointed to the chair of theoretical mechanics in the mechanical-physical faculty of the MGU. In 1960 he was elected a corresponding member of the AN-SSSR. In 1962 he took over the chairmanship. He set up the specialty course space dynamics , which was compulsory for students of theoretical mechanics. He brought the IPM employees Wladimir Wassiljewitsch Belezki , Wsewolod Alexandrowitsch Jegorow, Michail Lwowitsch Lidow, Timur Magometowitsch Enejew and others to the chair. In 1970, together with Sergei Wassiljewitsch Fomin , he organized an all-union seminar on systems theory with elements of artificial intelligence in the mechanical-physical faculty of the MGU . The latest mechanisms in robotics , artificial intelligence, game theory and machine vision were discussed . Later, Yuri Filippowitsch Golubew and Alexander Konstantinowitsch Platonow took over the leadership of the seminar.

In 1970, under Ochozimski's leadership, a cooperation between his chair for theoretical mechanics, the IPM, the Institute for Mechanics of the MGU and the Institute for Computer Science Problems of the AN-SSSR began to develop adaptable robot systems . There are controls for six-legged and two-legged developed equipment. Six-legged computerized sehfähige laboratory model with electric drive were built, and mathematical models for such robotic systems with algorithms for stabilization during jumps and overcome obstacles were developed. In 1991 Ochozimski was elected a full member of the RAN. In 2000 he became a foreign member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts . Ochozimski was the author or co-author of a variety of publications.

Ochozimski was buried in the Trojekurowo cemetery.

Ochozimski's name bears the asteroid (8062) Okhotsymskij, discovered in 1977 by Nikolai Stepanowitsch Tschernych .

Honors, prizes

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Большая российская энциклопедия: ОХОЦИ́МСКИЙ Дмитрий Евгеньевич (accessed March 30, 2019).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f RAN: Охоцимский Дмитрий Евгеньевич (accessed on March 29, 2019).
  3. ↑ a b MGU: Охоцимский Дмитрий Евгеньевич (accessed on March 29, 2019).
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g Landeshelden: Охоцимский Дмитрий Евгеньевич (accessed on March 29, 2019).
  5. ↑ Справочник “Вся Москва” 1901 года (accessed on March 28, 2019).
  6. ↑ "Три герба" (accessed March 30, 2019).
  7. ↑ Память народа: Охоцимский Дмитрий Евгеньевич (accessed March 28, 2019).
  8. ↑ Охоцимский Д. Е .: К теории движения ракет . In: Прикладная математика и механика . tape 10 , no. 2 , 1946, p. 251-272 .
  9. ↑ EL Akim, Yu. F. Golubev, AK Platonov, TM Eneev: DE Okhotsimsky as a Leader of the Scientific School of Space Flight Mechanics . In: COSMIC RESEARCH . tape 44 , no. 3 , 2006, p. 183–186 , doi : 10.1134 / S0010952506030014 ( springer.com [accessed March 29, 2019]).
  10. ^ Mathematics Genealogy Project: Dmitrii Evgenievich Ochotsimskii (accessed March 30, 2019).
  11. ↑ a b c Казакова Р. К .: Охоцимский Дмитрий Евгеньевич - основатель прикладной небесной механики (штрихи к портрету) . In: Препринты ИПМ им. М. В. Келдыша . No. 25 , 2009 ( keldysh.ru [accessed March 29, 2019]).
  12. ↑ Golubew JF, Platonow AK: Д. Е. Охоцимский - создатель научной школы по исследованию и разработке мехатронных систем . In: Сборник научно-методических статей. Теоретическая механика. Вып. 26 . Изд-во Моск. ун-та, Moscow 2006, p. 155-160 .
  13. ↑ Math-Net.Ru: Dmitrii Evgenievich Ochotsimskii (accessed March 30, 2019).
  14. ↑ WorldCat: Okhotsimski (accessed March 30, 2019).
  15. ↑ Ochozimskis grave (accessed on 29 March 2019).
  16. ↑ 8062 Okhotsymskij (1977 EZ) (accessed March 29, 2019).
personal data
SURNAME Ochozimski, Dmitri Evgenyevich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Охоцимский, Дмитрий Евгеньевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian physicist, mathematician and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH February 26, 1921
PLACE OF BIRTH Moscow
DATE OF DEATH December 18, 2005
Place of death Moscow