Triiodosilane

Structural formula
General
Surname	Triiodosilane
other names	Silicoiodoform
Molecular formula	SiHI 3
Brief description	colorless liquid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 13465-72-0 PubChem 139463 Wikidata Q16707472
properties
Molar mass	409.81 g mol −1
Physical state	liquid
density	3.31 g cm −3
Melting point	8 ° C
boiling point	220 ° C (decomposition)
solubility	Decomposes in water soluble in benzene and carbon disulfide
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling no classification available
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Triiodosilane is a chemical compound from the group of silanes .

Extraction and presentation

Triiodosilane can be obtained by a two-step reaction of trichlorosilane with aniline in benzene and the reaction product with hydrogen iodide .

${\displaystyle \mathrm {SiHCl_{3}+6\ C_{6}H_{5}NH_{2}\longrightarrow SiH(NHC_{6}H_{5})_{3}+3\ [C_{6}H_{5}NH_{3}]Cl} }$

${\displaystyle \mathrm {SiH(NHC_{6}H_{5})_{3}+6\ HI\longrightarrow SiHI_{3}+3\ [C_{6}H_{5}NH_{3}]I} }$

Triiodosilane can also be prepared by heating silicon and hydrogen iodide in analogy to the preparation of trichlorosilane or tribromosilane . This process was described as early as 1857 during the first synthesis by Friedrich Wöhler and Heinrich Buff .

${\displaystyle \mathrm {Si+3\ HI\rightarrow SiHI_{3}+H_{2}} }$

The reaction of silicon with a mixture of hydrogen and hydrogen iodide produces only small amounts of triiodosilane, but it can be obtained by reacting trichlorosilane with ammonium iodide in ammonia .

It is also possible to prepare it by reacting triphenylsilane with hydrogen iodide and aluminum trichloride as a catalyst .

${\displaystyle \mathrm {SiH(C_{6}H_{5})_{3}+3\ HI\longrightarrow SiHI_{3}+3\ C_{6}H_{6}} }$

properties

Triiodosilane is a colorless, hydrolysis-sensitive , highly refractive liquid that decomposes in water.

use

Triiodosilane and diiodosilane can be used to deposit silicon layers .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} Georg Brauer (Ed.), With the collaboration of Marianne Baudler a . a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume II, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-432-87813-3 , p. 688.
2. ^ ^{A b c} William M. Haynes: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 93rd Edition . CRC Press, 2016, ISBN 978-1-4398-8050-0 , pp. 88 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
3. ^ Griffin, Bohn and Company: The Chemical News and Journal of Industrial Science; with which is incorporated the "Chemical Gazette." A Journal of Practical Chemistry in All Its Applications to Pharmacy, Arts and Manufactures . Chemical news office, 1868, p. 76 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
4. ↑ ^{a b c} R. Blachnik: Pocket book for chemists and physicists Volume 3: Elements, inorganic compounds and materials, minerals . Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-642-58842-6 , pp. 730 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
5. ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
6. ↑ H. Buff, F. Wöhler: About new compounds of silicon . In: Annals of Chemistry and Pharmacy . tape 104 , no. 1 , 1857, pp. 94-109 , doi : 10.1002 / jlac.18571040108 .
7. ^ EG Rochow: The Chemistry of Silicon Pergamon International Library of Science, Technology, Engineering and Social Studies . Elsevier, 2013, ISBN 978-1-4831-8755-6 , pp. 1371 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
8. ↑ ^{a b} G. Tamizhmani, Michael Cocivera, Richard T. Oakley, Paul Del Bel Belluz: Some physical properties of undoped amorphous silicon prepared by a new CVD process using iodosilanes. In: Chemistry of Materials. 2, 1990, p. 473, doi : 10.1021 / cm00010a029 .
9. ↑ Patent WO1984000353A1 - Ultra-pure epitaxial silicon , accessed December 13, 2016.