Jungingen (Ulm)
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Jungingen
City of Ulm
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| Height : | 593 m |
| Area : | 14 km² |
| Residents : | 3740 (December 31, 2018) |
| Population density : | 267 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st September 1971 |
| Postal code : | 89081 |
| Area code : | 0731 |
 Location of Jungingen in Ulm
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Jungingen is the northernmost part of the district-free city of Ulm . Together with Mähringen and Lehr , it is geographically located on the Ulmer Alb. The district also includes the hamlets of Kesselbronn , Oberhaslach, Unterhaslach, Ziegelweiler and St. Moritz.
history
The beginnings
The first traces of human settlement can be found around 400 BC. Dated to the time of the Celts .
After the Limes was abandoned by the Romans due to the great Alemanni invasions in the 3rd century AD , the Alemanni gradually settled in southern Germany. It is believed that Jungingen was permanently settled from around 700. Place names with the ending "ingen" (which suggests the Alemannic background) are usually formed with a personal name. In the case of Jungingen, we find the name of a chief or leader named "Jungo". However, Alemannic finds have not been recovered in Jungingen to this day.
The Jungingen settlement was probably built around a Maierhof . It can be assumed that there were several small settlements in the Jungingen area, which gradually became part of Jungingen in order to make more land usable for agriculture. Field names are still reminiscent of these lost places today.
Jungingen is mentioned for the first time in 1275 in a tax list in the parish register of the Swabian diocese of Constance. With the taxes that Jungingen paid in addition to many other places, a campaign by Karl von Anjou on behalf of the Pope was financed as part of the crusades .
In 1396 the imperial city of Ulm acquired the place from the indebted Count von Helfenstein . In the years between 1500 and 1800, Jungingen did not expand due to a corresponding building policy. There were always building applications, but these were mostly rejected because built-up areas could no longer be used for agriculture and thus could no longer be charged with taxes.
A village order from Jungingen (the oldest in the Ulmische area), which regulated the community in the place, has been preserved from 1445 . Every two years a committee was elected, half of which consisted of farmers and the other half of farm workers (agricultural workers). In 1601 the Ulm council became aware of the order and introduced the Ulm village rules.
Jungingen in the 17th century
The 300 inhabitants ( serfs ) strong Jungingen consisted of approx. 40 to 50 residential houses and 11 farmhouses, which were covered with straw. Only the roof of the church was not made of straw, which did not prevent it from collapsing in the middle of the 17th century. Then it got the onion roof that has been preserved to this day.
The young people still lived from agriculture. Rye , spelled , oats , barley and flax were grown on Jungingen's fertile fields . Cattle were rarely kept. In addition to the farmers, there were also different types of craftsmen (e.g. blacksmiths or wagons ) who mostly operated a sideline agricultural activity in their garden. There were also the herb gardens, which are still located at the southern exit of the village.
There was a vigilante group with its own rifle shelter, several wells for water supply, a bakery and roofed washing areas (troughs next to the well). In addition to troughs that were filled with water from the wells, there were also three or four village ponds, called pools , which were fenced in to water the cattle . The pools were also important as extinguishing water reservoirs. Once a year these pools were cleaned by the citizens, as they were often contaminated with manure, with a financial contribution from the person whose house was closest to the pool. Jungingen was fenced in to protect against game and stray animals.
Anyone who neglected to attend the service in the Protestant Jungingen was suspected of harboring sectarian thoughts. After the sermons, people met in the tavern and discussed the service, which was quickly stopped by the Ulm council.
Napoleonic period
In 1802, after the Second Coalition War , Ulm became the property of the Electorate of Bavaria as compensation for territories lost to France . The Junginger population, however, probably the only interested in passing, as if by the end of the Ulmer Empire Highness learned since little change for them.
On October 11, 1805, Napoleonic and Austrian troops met before Jungingen (near Haslach) in a preliminary battle for the Battle of Elchingen . The Austrian troops came from Ulm, the Napoleonic troops via Günzburg and Augsburg in the direction of Jungingen. Napoleon I assumed that Ulm was the main Austrian power and had a division under General Dupont set up in front of the Großer Gehrn (a forest north of Jungingen) up to the Blau . Ulm was to be attacked on October 11, 1805, but Dupont found that the main Austrian power was north of Ulm, from Böfingen via Örlingen to Jungingen. Dupont got involved in a fight against the superior forces against his orders. The hoped-for reinforcement came too late. Nevertheless, the French were able to outweigh the numerical superiority through their better education.
The Austrians were driven out of Jungingen and the place occupied. The French lost the place again after the Austrians brought a new regiment into the battle. The center of the town was the hardest contested. The Protestant church changed hands five times that day and was badly damaged. The fighting lasted until 9 p.m. on this rainy and snowy day and ended with the French fleeing. It is believed that 3,000 people died, 1,100 wounded Austrian soldiers were counted in Ulm the next day and the Austrians captured 23 artillery vehicles, nine cannons and 2 flags. Prisoners were taken on both sides. On the Austrian side, General Karl Philipp zu Schwarzenberg , who is remembered by a street in Jungingen today , did particularly well .
The story that Napoleon I stayed in a liquid manure tank in Oberhaslach is probably a legend. It is true that Napoleon I stayed in Oberhaslach and gave a peasant woman a Louis d'or , a piece of gold that is still owned by the family today.
The trenches in the Großer Gehrn forest do not date (as is often assumed) from 1805, but were dug by or against French soldiers in 1800 during the second coalition war. In 1810 Jungingen became part of Württemberg.
The First World War
In the First World War , 73 young people were drafted; 31 of them did not return. Since it was feared that Ulm could become a theater of war and - as a garrison town - the target of enemy attacks, 1,300 workers and 250 reserve reservists appeared on August 5, 1914 to dig trenches and build shelters and bunkers. The trenches were soon filled in again when it became clear that the war would not come to Jungingen, and in 1916 most of the shelters were blown up because they were not wanted in the fields.
In 1920 a memorial for the fallen and missing was attached to the northern wall of the cemetery. This was later removed during renovation work.
1945 until today
After the Second World War , the population of Jungingen almost doubled as a result of war refugees, especially from Hungary. Since most of the newcomers were Catholics , a Catholic church was consecrated in 1964.
On September 1, 1971, Jungingen was incorporated into Ulm, whereupon the number of inhabitants increased again due to a new building area, a multi-purpose hall was built and the sewerage system was merged with the city of Ulm. It created new meetinghouses of parishes , a new kindergarten and a noise barrier next to the past leading to Jungingen Fils Valley Railway . In 1973 the Jungingen (Württ) stop on the Filstalbahn was shut down.
Religions
Jungingen is predominantly evangelical. The Protestant parish of Peter and Paul belongs to the Ulm church district . The Catholic parish of St. Josef has existed since 1964 and is also looked after by the parish in Böfingen.
politics
Local council
Like all parts of the city that were incorporated from 1971, Jungingen also has a local council . It has 14 members. After the local council elections in 2014, the Independent Voting Association UWG provided 6 local councils, the Jungingen BGJ 6 local councils and the SPD 2 local councils. The committee has an advisory function in the city council on matters relating to the district. However, final decisions are made by the city council of Ulm as a whole.
Culture and sights
Buildings
The special features of Jungingen include the Protestant church with its distinctive onion dome and the Schapfenmühle , Ulm's second oldest company.
Schapfenmühle silo
The Schapfenmühle grain silo, built in 2005, is 114.6 m high and is the highest operating grain silo in the world. The silo is the third tallest structure in Ulm, after the telecommunications tower Ermingen with 162 m and the Ulm Minster with 161.53 m.
Medium wave transmitter of the Südwestrundfunk
Museums
- Jungingen local history collection in the old fire station
Natural monuments and geotopes
- Kesselbrunnen, also called Haslache, an area about 30 m long and 16 m wide northwest of Kesselbronn. Pond with a diameter of 15 m, fed by two spring niches all year round.
- Abandoned quarry Hagener Tal, an area around 15 × 20 meters with a dolphin-like funnel
- Hülbe St. Moritz, about 300 m northeast of the Seligweiler rest house on the edge of the forest, open water surface with a diameter of about 25 m, depth several meters.
Economy and Infrastructure
Jungingen borders the motorway junctions Ulm-Ost and Ulm-West of the federal motorway 8 between Stuttgart and Munich .
The Franzenhauserweg industrial area belonging to the district is located between Jungingen and Ulm. The drugstore chain Müller has its headquarters here. Other noteworthy facilities there are the Ulm Proofing Office , the first proofing office in the Federal Republic, and a police dog handler unit .
education
In Jungingen there is the Gutenberg primary school.
There are two Protestant kindergartens:
- Friedrich Froebel day care center
- Evangelical day care center under the apple trees
and a municipal daycare center
- Children's explorers of the world
literature
- Dr. Thomas Hirth: Jungingen - The village and its people . Local history collection Jungingen
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Counts of Helfenstein ( Memento from June 5, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Junginger history ( Memento from August 16, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 445 .
- ↑ Jungingen politically ( Memento from July 19, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Local council election 2014
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