Unieradz
Unieradz (German Neurese ) is a village in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland . It belongs to the Gmina Siemyśl (community Simötzel) in the powiat Kołobrzeski (Kolberger Kreis) .
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Geographical location
The village is located in Western Pomerania , about 5 kilometers northeast of Siemyśl ( Simötzel ), 13 kilometers south of Kołobrzeg ( Kolberg ) and 97 kilometers northeast of the regional metropolis of Szczecin .
In the south of the district are the associated residential areas Izdebno (Justinenthal) and Wszemierzyce (Marienhof) .
history
The village was created in the 13th century in the Duchy of Pomerania as part of the German East Settlement . The original form of the village was that of a Sackanger village . The village church is on the field.
In 1266, Bishop Hermann von Gleichen from Cammin sold the village then known as "Nerese" to the Dargun monastery . There is also a document about this from 1269, according to which the neighboring Nessin was also sold to the monastery. In 1278 the village was called "Nyrezen", in 1282 as "Unerese".
Later Neurese came into the feudal possession of nobles, when and in what way is not known. In 1615 Georg von Froreich (from the originally German-Baltic noble family Froreich ) was enfeoffed with neuresis. In the same year Froreich was appointed Landrentmeister. Around 1630 Froreich sold Neurese to Simon Fischer, a ducal councilor. Later Neurese became a fiefdom of the noble Manteuffel family and was temporarily divided into three parts.
On the Great Lubin map of the Duchy of Pomerania from 1618, the village is entered as "Nereße".
Ewald Joachim von Eichmann , city district administrator and mayor of Kolberg, bought the three shares in 1704, 1707 and 1712 and thus became the owner of the whole of Neurese. After his death in 1714, Neurese fell to his son Matthias Friedrich von Eichmann. This divided neuresis in 1754. He kept one half, Neuresis A; the other half, Neurese B, he passed on to his brother Emanuel Ernst von Eichmann. Later, both estate shares passed through different hands. District administrator Johann Wilhelm Christoph Steobanus von Wriechen is named among the owners of Neurese A for 1804 .
In the 19th century the manor district Neurese A, the manor district Neurese B and a small rural community Neurese coexisted for a time:
The manor district Neurese A comprised (as of 1864) an area of 394 hectares. 253 hectares of this belonged to the manor itself. Around 1850, the Marienhof Vorwerk was laid out in the south of the Feldmark . In the manor district Neurese A (status 1867) 108 inhabitants were counted.
The manor district Neurese B comprised (as of 1864) an area of 345 hectares. In the first third of the 19th century, the Justinenthal suburb was laid out in the south of the Feldmark . In the manor district Neurese B (status 1867) 119 inhabitants were counted.
The rural community Neurese comprised (as of 1864) a community area of 196 hectares. In the rural community Neurese (status 1867) 51 inhabitants were counted.
The manor Neurese A was settled around 1880, the manor Neurese B gradually after 1886. A total of 33 new farms were created, most of which were laid out in the Feldmark.
In the 1870s, the manor districts Neurese A and Neurese B were merged into one manor district Neurese. After the estates were settled, the manor district was dissolved in 1895 and its area was incorporated into the rural municipality of Neurese.
Until 1945 Neurese formed a municipality in the Kolberg-Körlin district of the Pomerania province . In addition to Neurese, Marienhof was officially run as a residential area in the community, but Justinenthal was no longer .
Towards the end of World War II , Neurese was occupied by the Red Army . Like all areas east of the Oder-Neisse border , the village came to Poland. The villagers who had not fled previously been through Poland expelled . The place name was Polonized as “Unieradz”, probably based on the form of the name “Unerese” handed down from 1282. Many of the Polish immigrants came from what is now Ukraine and were of the Greek Uniate denomination.
Development of the population
- 1816: 144 inhabitants
- 1855: 284 inhabitants
- 1871: 277 inhabitants
- 1905: 358 inhabitants
- 1919: 356 inhabitants
- 1933: 339 inhabitants
- 1939: 323 inhabitants
church
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The church in Neurese was built around 1288, when the village belonged to the Dargun monastery . It has the same floor plan as the church in neighboring Nessin , which also belonged to the Dargun monastery. While the church building in Nicino was rebuilt or at least completely renovated, probably around 1600, the church walls in Neurese have been preserved unchanged. The nave is made of field stones and closed off in a semicircle to the east. The church tower is made of wood.
The coats of arms of the Manteuffel and Stojentin families have been preserved in the church windows .
Personalities: sons and daughters of the place
- Margarete Wietholz (1869–1910), German writer, wrote stories in Low German under the pseudonym Margarete Nerese
literature
- Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen . Part III, Volume 1, pp. 392-394 ( online ).
- Manfred Vollack : The Kolberger Land. Its cities and villages. A Pomeranian homeland book. Husum Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Husum 1999, ISBN 3-88042-784-4 , pp. 453-460.
Web links
- Neuresis on the website of the Kolberger Lande association
Footnotes
- ↑ General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts , edited by JS Erz and JG Gruber. Volume 1, Brockhaus, Leipzig 1850, p. 446, right column.
- ^ Municipality of Neurese in the Pomeranian information system.
- ↑ a b c d e f g Manfred Vollack : The Kolberger Land. Its cities and villages. A Pomeranian homeland book. Husum Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Husum 1999, ISBN 3-88042-784-4 , p. 456.
Coordinates: 54 ° 3 ' N , 15 ° 35' E