Untermberg (Bietigheim-Bissingen)
|
Untermberg
City of Bietigheim-Bissingen
|
|
|---|---|
 |
|
| Height : | 200 m above sea level NN |
| Postal code : | 74321 |
| Area code : | 07147 |
Untermberg is a village in the Ludwigsburg district ( Baden-Württemberg ) to the left of the Enz , which emerged from the fallen Remmigheim in the late Middle Ages , gave up its independence in 1953 and joined Bissingen. This made it a district of Bietigheim-Bissingen in 1975 .
Location and coat of arms
The former marking of Untermberg bordered on Großsachsenheim, Bissingen, Grüningen and Unterriexingen and is today largely part of the Enztal landscape protection area between the Leinfelder Hof and Bietigheim-Bissingen . The place is divided into the old village, narrowed in the valley between the Enz and steep vineyard slopes, and the herb garden settlement that emerged in the second half of the 20th century .
The hamlet of Egartenhof, located above the old village, with the Altsachsenheim castle ruins, which is a landmark of Untermberg, belongs to the neighboring town of Sachsenheim . In Untermberg's coat of arms the ruin is under the initials UB and three Württemberger stag sticks.
history
The small town emerged in the 15th century when the residents of Remmigheim gradually left their place south of today's Untermberg and settled below the castle of their new local lords of Sachsenheim . The State Monuments Office also considers it possible that the last local " Lords of Remminchain " built the castle and were therefore responsible for the change of location. The new location was initially referred to as Remmigheim unterm Berg , then Sachsenheim unterm Berg or Bissingen unterm Berg and ultimately just Untermberg.
Initially, the people of Untermberg went to the St. Jakobs Church in Remmigheim, which was still occupied in 1533. In 1583 a Johanniskapelle is mentioned for the first time in the village, to which the today still celebrated "Kirbe" (parish fair) without a church goes back. Until the Reformation , the Remminger or Untermberg parish belonged to the Vaihingen rural chapter in the Archidiakonat Trinitatis of the Speyer diocese . Untermberg was a church branch of Großsachsenheim until 1822, then of Bissingen.
After the family of the Lords of Sachsenheim expired in 1561 and their fiefs had reverted to the Duchy of Württemberg , Untermberg with Metterzimmer, Groß- and Kleinachsenheim was initially assigned to the Württemberg office of Grüningen . Then the place came to the office of Großsachsenheim .
In the Thirty Years' War and the "French invasions" that followed around 1690 in the course of the Palatinate and Spanish War of Succession , Untermberg was also affected.
The economic basis of the village, which once belonged to the Lords of Sachsenheim , was agriculture and viticulture. In the 19th and 20th centuries the proportion of workers among the population rose sharply; Untermberg was therefore nicknamed "Rotes Untermberg".
In 1953 Untermberg (with less than 500 inhabitants at the time) gave up its independence and joined the community of Bissingen, with which it was already strongly connected in everyday life due to its geographical proximity, church and school there.
Together with Bissingen, Untermberg became a part of the city of Bietigheim-Bissingen, which was newly created in the course of the administrative reform in 1975.
For more recent local history see also: Bietigheim-Bissingen .
Attractions
Altsachsenheim ruins
The most striking sight is the castle ruin Altsachsenheim , which is enthroned high above the village and belongs to the Sachsenheim district of Egartenhof , which offers an impressive view of the Enz Valley from its main portal in the south, but its interior is not accessible. The building, which was built towards the end of the 13th century on an almost square floor plan, was damaged in a feud between the Lords of Sachsenheim and the House of Württemberg and was temporarily given to the Lords of Nippenburg around 1400 . Under the direction of Württemberg, a mansion with a manor was built in the foreground of the castle in the 16th century and the castle was apparently left to decay. Today only parts of the walls of the inner castle and relics of the neck ditch on the north and east flanks exist. Until 2014, the inventory was examined and secured by the State Monuments Office.
Turrets
The two-storey "Türmle" is located in sight of the castle near the herb garden settlement. Its nickname "Mäuseturm" is said to come from " Maut " ( right of escort ) on the nearby postal route , which led from Großsachsenheim over the Remmigheimer bridge and through the Remminger valley to Grüningen . The stone building, which was built in 1574, or rather renovated, served more in the 15th century as an observation, security and signal post for the Counts of Württemberg against the hostile Count Palatine and as an escort for traveling merchants. It is unclear what the purpose of the holes cut out all around at the height of the window sill on the upper floor, in which beams could have been. Also unexplained is the desolation near the tower, which is still visible today and which apparently included other buildings, which presumably served to accommodate and care for the guards stationed here and, after the post office was introduced, possibly to change horses.
Remminger Schlössle and Flößerkanal
At the southeast corner of the marker in Rotenacker is the castle stables of the Remminger Schlössle , of whose wall ring and moat you can still see relics. The State Monuments Office considers it likely that the Lords of Remmigheim gave up this ancestral castle and built the Altsachsenheim Castle instead . In this way, they themselves and not the gentlemen from Sachsenheim, who were related to them, had initiated the gradual relocation from Remmigheim to Untermberg.
Below the castle stables, the raftsman canal , which branches off at the former Remminger weir behind the Enzknie, has largely been preserved. At the entrance to the canal there is an inscription with the year 1784 , the stately three stag poles and an MG and ST , presumably standing for Markgröningen and Stuttgart . The hillside forest on the Enzhang between the Burgstall and the excursion restaurant “Schellenhof” is protected as a forest and is left to its own devices.
Buildings in the village
Further sights of local historical interest are the town hall built by Carl Immanuel Bälz from 1845 to 1847 , the large house of the mayor Jacob Wennagel from 1565 and the Backhäusle from 1842, which was also used as a detention center and fire-fighting equipment store .
traffic
Untermberg is served by the Spillmann lines 543 (Untermberg – Sachsenheim), 553 (Untermberg – Bietigheim Lug) and 554 (Untermberg – Bönnigheim).
literature
- Stefan Benning: The "laydige idea". Events and consequences of the French War in 1693 in Bietigheim, Bissingen, Metterzimmer and Untermberg . In: Blätter zur Stadtgeschichte 11, 1994, pp. 129–161.
- Willi Müller: An extraordinary story of the brand: Untermberg alias "Sachsenheim vnderm Berg" alias "Remmickheim vnder dem Berg" . In Hie gut Württemberg 34, 1983, pp. 17-19.
- Karl Eduard Paulus : Description of the Oberamt Vaihingen . Issued by the Royal Bureau of Statistics and Topography. Hallberger, Stuttgart 1856. pp. 235ff. Wikisource .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Composite of sheets NO XL / 2 + 3, NO XLI / 2 + 3 and NO XLII / 2 + 3 of the Urflurkarte from 1832 . Source: State Archives Ludwigsburg (LABW) .
- ↑ Documentation of the castle renovation in the database of the Baden-Württemberg State Monuments Office .
- ↑ See Ludwig Friedrich Heyd , History of the former Oberamts-Stadt Markgröningen with special consideration for the general history of Württemberg, mostly based on unpublished sources , Stuttgart 1829, p. 31f.
- ^ Willi Müller: An extraordinary story of the markings: Untermberg alias "Sachsenheim vnderm Berg" alias "Remmickheim vnder dem Berg" . In Hie gut Württemberg 34, 1983, pp. 17-19, and history of the village of Untermberg. (No longer available online.) Sympathy for Untermberg e. V., archived from the original on December 11, 2013 ; accessed on February 1, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Source: Description of place at LEO BW .
- ↑ See map of the "Greininger Beamptung" from 1605 - Wikimedia .
- ↑ See Stefan Benning: The "laydige Einfall", events and consequences of the French War 1693 in Bietigheim, Bissingen, Metternzimmer and Untermberg . Blätter zur Stadtgeschichte 11, 1994, pp. 129–161.
- ↑ See documentation of the castle renovation in the database of the Baden-Württemberg State Monuments Office .
- ↑ See year on door arch and description of location at LEO BW
- ↑ Orth made similar assumptions. See Helmut Orth: Bissinger Steindenkmale , in: Ludwigsburger Geschichtsblätter , No. 36, 1984, pp. 85-113.
- ↑ See württ. Urflurkarte NO XLII, sheet 2, from 1832, source: State Archives Ludwigsburg (LABW) .
- ^ Database of the State Monuments Office Baden-Württemberg .
- ↑ On the Urflurkarte from 1832 the Remmingen weir is still marked (see illustration).
Web links
- Brochure historical city tours through the districts of Bissingen, Untermberg, Metterzimmer ( PDF on the website of the city of Bietigheim-Bissingen )
- History of the village of Untermberg. Sympathy for Untermberg e. V., accessed February 1, 2014 .