Untersee (Brühl)
| Submarine | ||
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| Untersee in Brühl | ||
| Geographical location | North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany | |
| Tributaries | unnamed ditch from the Mittelsee as well as water from the Franziskussee and the surrounding area | |
| Drain | unnamed ditch in the duck pond | |
| Places on the shore | Bruehl (Rhineland) | |
| Location close to the shore | Erftstadt | |
| Data | ||
| Coordinates | 50 ° 48 '54 " N , 6 ° 51' 11" E | |
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| Altitude above sea level | 98.6 | |
| surface | 19.4 ha | |
| length | 865 m | |
| width | 425 m | |
| volume | 0.93 m³ | |
| Maximum depth | 9.7 | |
| Middle deep | 4.8 | |
| PH value | 7.8 | |
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particularities |
Residual lake from an open-cast lignite mine |
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| Map of the Villeseen | ||
The Untersee is an artificially created body of water in Brühl , a city in the Rhein-Erft district in North Rhine-Westphalia . It is part of the villa lakes of the Rhineland Nature Park , created by the mining of lignite .
location
The lake is part of a chain of lakes in the Ville , consisting of the Obersee, which is around six to eight meters higher in the southwest, the Mittelsee , which is around three to four meters higher, and the Untersee. It is located in the south-east of the district of Brühl and in the western area of the district of Erftstadt . The chain of lakes is surrounded by other bodies of water. These are in the northwest of the Franziskussee , in the northeast of the Schluchtsee , in the southeast of the duck ponds and in the south of the Donatussee .
history
Lignite was mined in the region from the end of the 19th to the middle of the 20th century. From 1925 measures began to recultivate the land . The existing opencast mining holes were filled with groundwater and were largely left to their further development. In this way, the Untersee was created in 1965 in the southern district. It was designated as a landscape protection area in 1972 and has been part of the FFH and nature reserve Upper, Middle and Lower Lake in the Ville chain of lakes since 2003 . In the northeast and southeast there are contaminated sites in the form of overburden, lignite ash and residues containing phosphates .
fauna and Flora
As a result of the recultivation, the nutrient input from the outside decreased and the biodiversity was favored. When reforesting, foresters used beech , pine , red oak and larch in particular . There were also poplars and alders , which are gradually being converted into mixed deciduous forests. Part of the area is specially protected as a natural forest reserve .
The air is particularly populated by the middle woodpecker , the black woodpecker and the cormorant . In the riparian zones including the dragonflies were detected over 32 Early reeds hunters , the Common winter damsel , the Great Purple Emperor , the key spot Hawker , the Little Emperor Dragonfly , the top spot and the leucorrhinia caudalis . The area continues to be the live coot , the great crested grebe , the tufted duck , the pochard , the pond and water rail and the little grebe .
Eels , real perches , bream , pike , rainbow trout , roach and rudd , tench and pikeperch live in the water .
A specialty is the occurrence of candelabrum algae . In addition, the pond and water lily grow on the lake and the real rock seed and the onion-bearing tooth root grow on land .
use
The lake is not designated as bathing water. Fishing is allowed with a fishing license . There is an extensive network of hiking trails around the water. The State Office for Nature, the Environment and Consumer Protection of North Rhine-Westphalia suggests dismantling the existing fishing jetties on the lake, as they represent an impairment of the vegetation from the point of view of the authority.
Web links
- Upper, Middle and Lower Lakes in the Ville-Seenkette , website of the Biological Station Bonn / Rhein-Erft, accessed on June 21, 2019.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Brigitte Nixdorf, Mike Hemm, Anja Schlundt, Maria Kapfer, Harwig Krumbeck of the Brandenburg Technical University Cottbus in cooperation with the UFZ Magdeburg on behalf of the Federal Environment Agency: Brown coal opencast mining lakes in Germany , final report, 1996, p. 519
- ↑ Upper, Middle and Lower Lake Nature Reserve in the Ville-Seenkette , LANUV website, accessed on June 23, 2019.
- ↑ Older recultivation forests on the Untersee , Rhein-Erft-Tourismus website, accessed on June 23, 2019.
- ↑ Untersee water profile, website anglermap.de, accessed on June 23, 2019.
- ↑ Untersee , website monsterfisch.de, accessed on June 23, 2019.