Suet nutmeg

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Suet nutmeg
Virola sebifera.jpg

Sebum nutmeg tree ( Virola sebifera )

Systematics
Class : Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
Magnoliids
Order : Magnolia-like (Magnoliales)
Family : Nutmeg family (Myristicaceae)
Genre : Virola
Type : Suet nutmeg
Scientific name
Virola sebifera
Aubl.

The sebum nutmeg tree ( Virola sebifera Aubl. , Syn . : Myristica sebifera (Aubl.) Sw. , Myrica ocuba ), popularly known as Ucuúba-do-Cerrado (English: red ucuuba ), is a species of the nutmeg family (Myristicaceae) which is common in Central America as well as in South America . According to a scientific study could be the global warming if it continues as quickly progresses, the existence of Talgmuskatnussbaumes in its main distribution area of the Brazilian Amazon - rainforest threatening.

description

The sebum nutmeg tree is a semi-evergreen , slender jungle tree that reaches heights of up to 30 meters or more. The trunk diameter can be over 1 meter. Buttock roots can be formed. The bark is slightly riffled and brownish. The tree has a reddish, cinema-like exudate ( latex ).

The alternate and short-stalked leaves are undivided and have entire margins and are up to 16–32 centimeters long. They are ovate to oblong or elliptical to obovate and the tip is pointed to pointed. The leaves are somewhat tomentose underneath. The veins are pinnate and raised on the underside. Stipules are missing.

The plants are mostly dioecious, separate sexes ( diocesan ). Mostly, axillary or branch or sub-axillary or lateral, rust-brown and velvety, stalked panicle inflorescences are formed, but the flowers can also appear individually or in small clusters . The small, yellow to rust-brown, unisexual and fragrant, short-stalked flowers have a simple, 3–5-part, hairy outer shell. The 3–6 stamens are fused tubular. The unilocular ovary is upper constant with short stylus and zweilappiger scar .

The roundish and initially orange, velvety, later balding and green, solitary drupes or capsules are about 2.5–4 centimeters in size. The ellipsoid and about 1.2-2.3 inches long seeds are dark brown with a red aril . The seeds are spread in part zoochor . Gold-throated toucans have a large share in the distribution .

Occurrence

The range of the tallow nut tree includes Honduras , Nicaragua, Costa Rica , Panama, Colombia , Ecuador, Bolivia , Peru, northern Brazil, Venezuela , Guiana , Suriname and French Guiana .

Important ingredients and usage

The bark of the sebum nutmeg tree contains plenty of tannins, but also the hallucinogens dimethyltryptamine (short form: DMT) and 5-methoxy-DMT and is used by the locals to treat skin diseases. The ripe seeds have a high content of fatty acid glycerides (especially laurodimyristine and trimyristine ).

use

In the industry

The virola fat or ocuba wax , Ucuuba butter , obtained from the seeds of Virola sebifera and also from Virola surinamensis , is yellowish, quickly turns rancid and smells fresh like nutmeg butter . It is used industrially for the production of fats , candles and soaps . This virola fat has properties similar to cocoa butter or shea butter .

In homeopathy

The homeopathic Myristica sebifera , (abbreviation: Myris ) is obtained from the fresh, red sap of the injured bark of the sebum nutmeg tree and has also been given the names "homeopathic knife" or "homeopathic scalpel ". It is used especially for ailments where pus should drain from a skin inflammation. These include B. abscesses , phlegmon , nail circulation , boils , anal fistula , parotid gland , bacterial-purulent tonsillitis etc. From the point of view of homeopathy , Myristica sebifera has not been adequately tested . The homeopathic medicine teachings show only a few mental and emotional symptoms (remedies rather for apathetic , indifferent, not defensible people).

There are no studies that confirm the effectiveness of homeopathic Myristica sebifera preparations. A physiological effect would also be biochemically implausible.

Specialty

The inner bark is smoked by Venezuelan Indians ( shamans ) to cure feverish conditions or, when cooked, used to drive away evil spirits .

literature

  • Thomas B. Croat: Flora of Barro Colorado Island. Stanford University Press, 1978, ISBN 0-8047-0950-5 , pp. 403 f.
  • Christian Rätsch: Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants. 8th edition, AT Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3-03800-352-6 .
  • Karl Hiller, Matthias F. Melzig: Lexicon of medicinal plants and drugs. 2 volumes, approved special edition for AREA Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-89996-682-1 .
  • Markus Wiesenauer, Suzann Kirschner-Brouns: Homeopathy - The great manual. Gräfe & Unzer Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3-8338-0034-4 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Myristica sebifera at Henriette's Herbal Homepage.
  2. ↑ Laboratório de Análise e Planejamento Ambiental UFSCar, Brazil ( Memento of 8 February 2012 at the Internet Archive ).
  3. ↑ a b c Markus Wiesenauer, Suzann Kirschner-Brouns: Homeopathy - The great manual. Gräfe & Unzer Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3-8338-0034-4 .
  4. ↑ Climate risk 'to million species' BBC News, Jan. 7, 2004.
  5. ↑ Lester L. Short, Jennifer FM Horne: Toucans, Barbets and Honeyguides - Ramphastidae, Capitonidae and Indicatoridae. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2001, ISBN 0-19-854666-1 , p. 431.
  6. ↑ Virola in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved June 6, 2018.
  7. ↑ Virola sebifera in Catbull.
  8. ↑ a b Karl Hiller, Matthias F. Melzig, Lexicon of medicinal plants and drugs. 2 volumes, approved special edition for Area Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-89996-682-1 .
  9. ^ Vegetable sebum . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 15, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885–1892, p. 499.
  10. ↑ Mohinder Singh Jus: Practical Materia Medica. Pharmacology from A – Z. Homeosana, 2004, ISBN 3-906407-05-5 .
  11. ↑ Homeopathic Repertory, German Homeopathy Union (DHU)
  12. ↑ Frederik Schroyens: 1001 small medicines. EOS-Verlag, 1995, ISBN 3-929271-03-6 .
  13. ^ Edzard Ernst : The truth about homeopathy. (PDF file; 55 kB) In: Br J Clin Pharmacol . 65 (2), 2008, 163-4, Epub 2007 Sep 13. PMID 17875194 .
  14. ↑ Christian Rätsch: Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants. 8th edition, AT Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3-03800-352-6 .