Guard Police

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Old green sleeve badge of the Hessian security guard

The Guard Police ( WaPol ) is an organizational unit within some German state police forces . It has a special area of ​​responsibility, which usually includes support and property protection tasks . Most of the time, the guard police are attached to a police headquarters . There is currently a guard police in Berlin and Hesse , in Saxony there was a guard police from 2002 to 2006 and has been set up again since 2016. In Berlin and, since 2017, also in Bremen, the official name is Zentraler Objektschutz ZOS , which has replaced the previous name of the police guard .

The guard police are uniformed and, in contrast to the normal law enforcement service, are recruited from employees of the police force , the employees support the officers of the law enforcement service.

The powers of the police on watch are on a par with those of the law enforcement police in some areas; they often have the same powers of intervention in the area of security . However, they are not investigators for the public prosecutor's office , which is why they are not allowed to order serious criminal procedural interventions in the fundamental rights of a citizen. The exact powers are regulated by the respective national laws, so there may be differences between the countries.

Berlin

Sleeve badge / national emblem of the Berlin Guard Police
Police car of the Central Object Protection ZOS at the Holocaust memorial

On September 23, 1947, the Allied city commanders decided to set up a joint "auxiliary police guard service" for Greater Berlin . Three days later the order of the Allied Command was issued, in which the tasks of the guard police and their strength of 3500 men were specified. The aim was to free the police from the tasks of stationary property protection, which at that time still consisted largely of protecting allied properties. The first policemen on watch (abbreviation Wapo) were dressed in uniforms of the Schupo, which, however, were completely black. In 1948 the Berlin police employed 2,200 police officers. In the course of the following decades, the range of tasks of the security guard expanded. Mobile property protection strips were introduced. B. Diplomatic missions involved. The security of police facilities, as well as the guarding, and later also the transport, were also taken over by prisoners. Prisoners in this sense include those arrested in accordance with the Code of Criminal Procedure or also police law (e.g. helpless people as a result of alcohol), but also detainees awaiting deportation . At the beginning of the 1980s there was another attempt to relieve the security police with the help of the security guard. Mixed radio patrol crews were tried out here, with the police guard as the driver being responsible for the patrol. This could have led to a noticeable relief of the personnel situation, but in practice the project failed due to the lack of powers of the security guard, because the actual police work, as is customary in the individual radio car service, can only be carried out by a law enforcement officer with all intervening powers. The support of the police officer for the police officer was also not unproblematic from a legal point of view, because in many cases only the right of self-defense could apply here. So this attempt was discontinued after a short time. In Berlin, the guard police have been called employees in the police force for several years . It belongs within the Berlin police to Directorate use .

The Central Object Protection employs around 1,600 police employees ( PAng OS ) and around 60 officers. The number of police officers in the prison system ( PAng GD ) is z. Not known at the moment.

tasks

The tasks include property protection and the prison system including transport (transfer).

The tasks are laid down in the ordinance on the performance of certain police tasks by law enforcement officers of the police , where the term guard police is also used.

Legal status

The members of the guard police are employees of the state of Berlin. They have the right to intervene against the citizen, but this often extends to preventive measures and, more rarely, to repressive activities. For example, the police officer is authorized to determine the identity of a person or to search them in order to avert danger, and identification measures may also be carried out in the prison surveillance service .

uniform

The Berlin Guard Police wear the same police uniform as the Schutzpolizei, but they differ in some points. The employee wears a black shoulder flap as well as a black cap band. The shoulder flap is provided with a green or blue stripe for every ten years of service. The breast pocket tag is labeled with Employee in the prison service .

vehicles

The Berlin Guard Police mainly use Opel vehicles . Vehicles from other brands, such as Fiat, are also used less frequently . Current police cars are VW Polo and Opel Corsa . Hybrid and all-electric Toyota Prius and Mitsubishi i-MiEVs are being tested .

Armament

The security police, like the security police, are armed with a SIG Sauer P6 , a baton and an irritant sprayer and, for property protection, with a Heckler & Koch MP5A3 .

Hesse

Sleeve badge / national emblem of the Hessian Guard Police since 2009

In Hesse the wax police in October 2000 was introduced. After a pilot phase in the police headquarters in Frankfurt am Main , Central Hesse and North Hesse with 110 employees, there was an increase in 2002 by 250 police officers. Since 2002 also at PP Westhessen (Wiesbaden) and PP Südhessen (Darmstadt). In 2008 there were around 380 police on watch, 150 more followed in 2009. In 2012 there were around 530 police on watch in the service of the state of Hesse, the majority of which is assigned to the Frankfurt am Main police headquarters, as there are more property protection measures, especially in the metropolitan areas. In 2015, it was decided to increase the number of police officers by 100 for the whole of Hesse, and the application and aptitude selection process began in January and February 2016.

tasks

The assignment of tasks results from § 13 HSOG-DVO and the administrative regulation. The tasks of the guard police in Hesse include, above all, property protection measures at endangered objects such as consulates and synagogues , but also the security of police buildings such as police headquarters or buildings of the interior ministry . Further tasks are pedestrian patrols , especially in pedestrian zones , traffic monitoring , speed controls, the implementation of identification measures, support with deportations and demonstrations , crime scene work and the service at major events or special events.

education

The training lasts about six months and is divided into a four-month theoretical phase including 38 hours of shooting training and a four-week DIF course on the application of immediate coercion , followed by an internship in a police headquarters and an introductory phase in the hiring police headquarters, both in the office and in the External sales.

Legal status

Police officers are employees of the state of Hesse. they are public officials within the meaning of criminal law, Section 11, Paragraph 1, No. 2 of the Criminal Code , and of the law on official liability , Article 34 of the Basic Law in conjunction with. V. m. § 839 BGB and within the meaning of (§ 13 HSOG-DVO). They are auxiliary police officers. When they have it within their tasks the same powers as law enforcement officers, so they can determine in particular the identity of persons, search people and objects carried, sending off pronounce and custody acquisitions perform. They are also authorized to use direct coercion through the means of physical violence and weapons. The hiring is carried out by the respective police headquarters in accordance with the federal employee collective agreement in remuneration group VIb BAT, since November 2009 with promotion opportunities according to BAT V c in certain areas of responsibility. Otherwise, the employees remain in VI6b BAT or E6 TV-H.

On March 26, 2015, four employees of the security police of the state of Hesse sued the Wiesbaden Labor Court . The 9th Chamber of the Court then awarded the police guard an increase in their salaries by three salary groups. The employees of the State of Hesse have thus asserted a higher grouping from pay group 6 to pay group 9. So far, over 40 lawsuits have been filed with the Wiesbaden district court. The 10th Chamber of the Wiesbaden Labor Court also agreed that the police on duty were suing. The chamber thus confirmed decisions made by the 9th chamber of the court on March 26, 2015. For the police on watch, it is a matter of an average increase in their salaries by approx. 250.00 euros per month and a classification in pay group E9 ​​TV-H. This means that police officers are ranked higher in comparison to fully trained law enforcement officers in the middle service, as they begin their service in grade A 7 ( police master ).

uniform

Epaulets of the Hessian Guard Police

The guard police wear the same police uniform as the police officers of the Hessian police. The staff are on the sleeves and insignia with the inscription wax Police above the national emblem, the reflective lettering wax police visible on the garments and the shoulder pieces with light blue stars on a dark blue background and a blue hat band at the service cap. The shoulder pieces differ in pay group (EG) 6 TV-H with one star, in EG 8 TV-H with two adjacent stars and since 2015 also in EG 9 TV-H with three stars (analogous to the police chief A8).

equipment

The scope of equipment of the police on watch with command and control equipment is almost the same as that of the law enforcement officers. Since 2012, the training has been supplemented by the MP5 submachine gun, analogous to the law enforcement service.

Saxony

Old sleeve badge of the Saxon Guard Police

As a reaction to the changed security situation after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 in the USA, it was decided to introduce a police guard in Saxony to support the law enforcement police. On May 1, 2002, on the basis of the Saxon Police Guard Act, the first 209 police officers were employed as employees of the state of Saxony and began their training. This first contingent of the guard police was taken over into the police enforcement service on May 1, 2006 and began training as police officers with the Saxon riot police. On May 1, 2004, the Saxon Police Guard Act, which was originally limited to two years, was extended by the state parliament for two more years and a new contingent of 50 police officers was hired, who were also taken over into the police force when the law expired.

After two years of training, the police on watch were taken over to the regular police force after training with the riot police was shortened by half a year.

The Free State of Saxony has started on 1 February 2016 again with the training of initially 50 guard officers who are to follow in 2016 a further 100 from May 1st. At the end of April 2016, the first 47 graduates of the three-month training began their service. Of the 42 men and five women, 25 in Dresden and 22 in Leipzig are to be deployed primarily to protect refugee accommodation and to monitor people.

tasks

The Saxon security guard carries out the property protection measures at endangered facilities such as B. synagogues or the American Consulate General in Leipzig . Furthermore, it should guard refugee shelters and be used in the event of deportations .

Employment requirements

The requirements for becoming a police guard in Saxony are low-threshold:

  1. no piercings or tattoos in the visible area
  2. German nationality
  3. Realschule certificate or secondary school certificate with completed vocational training or an equivalent level of education
  4. orderly economic conditions
  5. Minimum size 160 cm
  6. Minimum age 20 years, maximum age 32 years
  7. no criminal record
  8. Class B driving license or an equivalent driving license
  9. Character and physical suitability (commitment to FDGO )

education

The training takes place over a period of twelve weeks at the advanced training center in Bautzen. In particular, it includes imparting knowledge and skills of general administrative and constitutional law as well as the preventive and repressive right to intervene, also with regard to the use of coercive measures, as well as the area of ​​service, communication and intercultural competence. The training concludes with an exam. After completion of the training, the training content is further deepened as part of the professional training.

Legal status

The police on watch are employees of the Free State of Saxony. The Saxon Guard Police Act (SächsWachG) empowers you to take measures against citizens in accordance with the Police Act of the Free State of Saxony (SächsPolG). As part of their work, they are also allowed to give signs and instructions to road users (Section 36 (1) of the StVO ).

Armament

The police on watch in Saxony are armed with firearms. The training takes place on the P7 from Heckler & Koch, which is also worn in action.

uniform

The police on watch in Saxony wore the uniform of the prison police. They were recognizable by the Saxon Guard Police on the sleeve badge. They did not wear shoulder pieces in their uniforms, the only headgear was the beret.

From 2015 the clothing was adapted to the new clothing standard of the prison staff in Saxony. A kind of baseball cap is worn as headgear. The uniform is dark blue-light blue.

criticism

Ralf Jäger , as the interior minister of North Rhine-Westphalia responsible for the largest German state police , said of Saxony's initiative : “You don't get professionals if you put someone in a uniform three months later after a crash course. Wherever we have difficult situations, a professional on the road is better than two amateurs. "

The police union repeatedly criticized the short training course. "This is an absolute alibi-action that does not do justice to the situation," said the GdP state chairman Sachsen Hagen Husgen . He also pointed out that the situation in 2016, in contrast to 2002, when there was already a security guard in Saxony, was much more explosive. While regular police officers receive more extensive training in their two-and-a-half-year training for middle service, police officers are psychologically inadequately prepared for conflict situations. Husgen demanded, in order to resolve the personnel shortage at the Saxony police , to bring colleagues back from retirement or to extend the working lives of civil servants. But this does not happen because Saxony does not want to spend any money on the police.

Saxony-Anhalt

In December 2015, against the background of the refugee crisis and increasing attacks on foreigners, refugees and refugee helpers for Saxony-Anhalt, it was decided to train up to 250 police officers from 2016. Their use is to be limited to 2 years. The program is scheduled to expire in 2021 (as of June 2019).

Security guard demands against burglars

In June 2016, Interior Minister Thomas de Maizière called on police officers to be deployed to combat burglars. This led to the rejection of the proposal by politicians from the SPD, the Left and the Greens, as well as the police union .

The criminologist Christian Pfeiffer also turned against the proposal. In an interview on Deutschlandfunk , he said of the Federal Interior Minister's move that equipping security guards with firearms "would seriously endanger the culture of the police in Germany." The selection of personnel and the training of security guards are not geared towards handling the weapon. Instead, he called for homes to be better protected against break-ins. 70 percent of the victims are residential tenants. Similar to fire protection, there must be legal requirements to make the apartments safer.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans-Jürgen Lange, Matthias Gasch: Dictionary of internal security . VS, Verlag für Sozialwiss., Wiesbaden 2006, ISBN 978-3-8100-3610-0
  2. ^ Police Saxony - Police Saxony - Guard police begin duty in Dresden and Leipzig. In: www.polizei.sachsen.de. Retrieved June 16, 2016 .
  3. ↑ www.berlin.de: History of the Berlin Police, 1948 ( Memento of the original from September 15, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; As of September 10, 2008 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.berlin.de
  4. ↑ Deployment Directorate: Central Property Protection , as of January 12, 2016
  5. ↑ a b www.berlin.de: PDieVO ( Memento of the original from January 21, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , PDF, as of September 14, 2008 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.berlin.de
  6. ↑ a b www.polizei.hessen.de: Die Wachpolizei , status: September 4th, 2008
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g December 18, 2009 - press release  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. As of 2010@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.hmdi.hessen.de  
  8. ↑ a b www.polizei.hessen.de: Duties of the security guard , status: September 4, 2008
  9. ↑ Qualification key points of the pay groups with possible occupational groups TVöD and TV-L . oefflichen-dienst.de
  10. ↑ a b § 13 HSOG-DVO
  11. ↑ § 99 HSOG , as of August 23, 2018
  12. ↑ www.polizei.hessen.de: Payment - social benefits , as of September 4, 2008
  13. ↑ - ( Memento of the original from June 13, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.jaeckel-rechtsanwaelte.de
  14. ↑ The 10th Chamber of the Wiesbaden Labor Court also approves the plaintiff. - Press review - Current - Jäckel Attorneys at Law · Labor Law · Berlin · Wiesbaden .
  15. ↑ Fee schedule for TV-H . dbb.de
  16. ↑ Key qualification points of the pay groups with possible occupational groups TVöD and TV-L www.oefflichen-dienst.de
  17. ↑ www.medienservice.sachsen.de: “Saxon police are being increased in terms of personnel and material - a security guard is planned to be installed”  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. As of September 14, 2008@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.medienservice.sachsen.de  
  18. ↑ www.medienservice.sachsen.de: “Start of training at the Saxon Guard Police”  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. As of September 14, 2008@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.medienservice.sachsen.de  
  19. ↑ a b edas.landtag.sachsen.de: Saxon Guard Police Act , as of September 14, 2008
  20. ↑ www.polizei.sachsen.de: “Swearing in Saxon police officers u. -beamte " ( Memento of July 11, 2007 in the Internet Archive ), as of September 14, 2008
  21. ↑ www.medienservice.sachsen.de: “50 relatives wanted for the Saxon Guard Police”  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. As of September 14, 2008@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.medienservice.sachsen.de  
  22. ↑ Chemnitzer Verlag und Druck GmbH & Co. KG: Saxon Guard Police are formed - and remain controversial .
  23. ↑ DNN-Online: Security - The first police on watch begin duty in Dresden and Leipzig / Police ticker Central Germany / Central Germany - DNN - Dresdner Neuste Nachrichten. In: www.dnn.de. Retrieved April 29, 2016 .
  24. ↑ Die Welt: Guarding Asylum Homes. Armed into service after three months of training [1] , sighted Feb. 4, 2016
  25. ↑ Armed into service after three months of training. In: THE WORLD. Retrieved April 29, 2016 .
  26. ↑ Die Welt: Guarding Asylum Homes. Armed for service after three months of training [2] , accessed on Feb. 4, 2016.
  27. ↑ Oliver Hach: Saxon Guard Police are formed - and remain controversial. In: Freiepresse.de. February 1, 2016, accessed February 4, 2016 .
  28. ^ Michael Bock: 250 auxiliary policemen for Saxony-Anhalt .
  29. ↑ Fewer policemen on watch: finding reinforcements difficult
  30. ↑ Nobody wants the interior minister's "guard police" zeit-online from June 16, 2016, accessed on June 17, 2016.
  31. ↑ Criminologist Pfeiffer to Police on Watch - "That would massively endanger the culture of the police in Germany". In: Deutschlandfunk. Retrieved June 18, 2016 .