Wang Shu

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Wang Shu, January 2012

Wang Shu ( Chinese  王 澍 , born November 4, 1963 in Ürümqi , Xinjiang , People's Republic of China ) is a Chinese architect and professor at the China Academy of Art in Hangzhou . Together with his wife Lu Wenyu ( Chinese  陆文宇 ), Wang combines traditional Chinese building techniques and materials with modern architecture . Wang's architecture uses the local building material, makes use of regional craftsmanship, takes the surrounding landscape into account “and draws a poetic and atmospheric force from it.” In 2012, Wang was the first Chinese to be awarded the most prestigious award in architecture, the Pritzker Prize .

Life

Wang Shu is the son of a musician and carpenter, his mother worked as a teacher and librarian. Originally he wanted to become an artist or a writer, but his parents suggested that he study science or engineering . After a compromise he was allowed to study architecture and did so at the Nanjing Institute of Technology (today: SEU South East University Nanjing ), where he graduated with a bachelor's and then a master's . His first job was at the Zhejiang Academy of Fine Arts , where he mainly researched architecture. In 1990 his first building was built, a youth center in Haining .

For a decade he had gained experience working with craftsmen in various architecture firms. “To be with the construction workers on the construction site - that was my happiest time so far”. In 1998, Wang and his wife Lu Wenyu founded their own architecture office in Hangzhou , the Amateur Architecture Studio . It has only been allowed to set up private architectural offices in the People's Republic of China since 1995. The term amateur takes on a special reference to the craftsmen who used to convey their knowledge and skills only through oral and practical transmission. In addition, the name has been chosen in contrast to the large state planning offices, the Professional Architecture Studios , "which often employ over a thousand people". The couple gave other interpretations of the name. 

In 2000 he received his PhD in architecture from Tongji University in Shanghai . Wang Shu has been teaching architecture at the China Academy of Art in Hangzhou since 2000 , where he also became dean of the art academy. In 2011 he lectured at Harvard University , the University of Pennsylvania and the University of Texas at Austin . On July 11, 2016, he and his wife gave the Annual Architecture Lecture at the British Royal Academy of Arts .

Buildings

Right from the start, the office presented “spectacular new interpretations of traditional architecture”. The “archaic nature of their buildings” arouses associations with the rich Chinese heritage in many viewers. The library of the Wenzheng College of the University of Suzhou (1999–2000), a largely buried building complex with the use of renewable energy sources, which is characterized by its integration into the landscape between lake and mountains according to the rules of Chinese garden art , is one of the most important buildings of the office . Wang received great recognition for the Xiangshan campus of the China Academy of Art in Hangzhou (2002-07). More than two million bricks from demolished buildings were reused for the roof. The guest house Wa Shan of China Academy of Art (2011-2013) was along the banks of a small river in part of rammed earth constructed and mediated by simple lateral displacements of the walls and forth ever new spatial experiences.

Facade of the Ningbo Museum with old bricks

The predominantly historically oriented Ningbo Museum (2003-08) in the port city of Ningbo was covered with old, cleaned roof and wall tiles, some of which are centuries old, mainly on the walls. He developed the design for the Ningbo Museum on a sleepless night from the vision of a massive cubic stone block: “He began to draw, and structures, squares, entrances and exhibition rooms emerged as if by magic. When everything was ready, he sat down and drank tea. "

The inspiration for reusing old bricks came from a trip to the eastern part of Zhejiang Province near the sea. There, the devastation caused by typhoons make life difficult for people. “They don't have a lot of time to rebuild them [the houses], so they randomly put the bricks back together. I think the resulting architecture is beautiful. "

In 2006, Wang was invited to the Venice Architecture Biennale . There, he installed "Tiled Garden" ( bricks garden ). "A gently sloping field from 66,000 demolition tiles from China, on a narrow bamboo bridge led" This installation in Venice had its first plant outside of China. In 2010, the “Decay of a Dome” ( disintegration of a dome ), a dome “made of wooden slats balancing on top of each other on the edge of nothing”, was awarded an honorary prize at the Biennale di Venezia .

In 2012, he started a pilot village renewal project in Wencun, a village of around 1,800 people in Zhejiang Province , an hour and a half drive from Hangzhou. In initial discussions with the residents, the desire for demolition and new, but conventional houses was expressed. Wang and Lu were finally able to convince the residents to take a different route. He had 30 new houses with the former inner courtyard, 14 of them three to four floors, built using traditional building materials such as rammed earth , hewn natural stone and bamboo. In addition, there were new bridges, an embankment with layered natural stones, pavilions and a school to bring the rest of Wencun closer to the new-old architectural style. The village now serves as a showcase for other municipalities that are also looking for new ways to renovate the village. Wang and his students intend to renovate other villages in an exemplary way.

In 2014, Wang and Lu Wenyu took part in the Bus: Stop competition in Krumbach (Vorarlberg) , in which seven international architects each designed a bus stop and supervised the implementation.

Architectural style

Wang's architecture is characterized by a “clarity of forms” and an only apparent simplicity of structures. He is considered a "gifted scenographer " because he always pays attention to a change of perspective in his houses and buildings. At the same time, his architectural style stands for a conscious handling of the regional architectural heritage and a new and careful use of resources in the material and the landscape. The use of bricks from the demolished residential areas re-establishes the continuity with the surroundings and history that had been lost due to the large-scale demolition of the Chinese cities.

His designs are characterized by an intensive preoccupation with the location of the project. Wang lives at the project site for as long as possible and consults with the craftsmen who will carry out the construction right from the design phase. In his buildings he takes up the local traditions and materials. His designs are initially created manually, as hand sketches with a pencil, in some cases spontaneously. Computers are then used in the further course of execution.

Wang counts the Chinese architects Tong Jun and Yang Tingbao among his models, who combined modern architecture with Chinese forms.

Wang's fundamental and far-reaching understanding of architecture is demonstrated by this architectural-historical execution:

“In China we have a limited amount of building types we can put together to make a city. We're in need of some alternatives, so we developed new prototypes - like the courtyard building and the water building. They are templates for modern interpretations of the pagoda, the temple and the courtyard. Many of my buildings are similar to the Chinese garden: they have many entrances, and it's not clear where the main entrance is. "

“In China there are a limited number of building types that we can put together to form a city. We need alternatives, so we developed new prototypes - like the courtyard house and the water house. They are templates for modern interpretations of the pagoda , temple and courtyard. Many of my buildings are similar to the Chinese garden : They have many entrances and it is not clear where the main entrance is. "

- Wang Shu, 2009.

Work show


  • Ningbo Museum of Contemporary Art

  • Coffee house in the Jinhua Architectural Park

  • Tea house in Ningbo

  • Historical Museum in Ningbo, north side

  • Brick facades of the Ningbo Museum , concrete wall with bamboo cladding, roof terrace

  • Office building (behind the trees) of the FaDa Art & Design Center in Ningbo

List of works

Completed

  • Youth Center (1990), Haining near Hangzhou
  • Library of Wenzheng College at Suzhou University (1999–2000), Suzhou
  • Art Museum in Ningbo (2001-05)
  • Xiangshan Campus, China Academy of Art, Phases I & II (2002–07), Hangzhou
  • Vertical Courtyard Apartments (2002-07), Hangzhou
  • Sanhe House (2003), Nanjing
  • Teaching building of the Music and Dance Faculty (2003–05), Dongguan
  • Ceramic House (Café) (2003-06), Jinhua
Ningbo Tengtou Pavilion, Shanghai Expo (2010)
  • Five Scattered Houses (2003-06), Ningbo
  • History Museum in Ningbo (2003-08)
  • Brick Garden ( Tiled Garden ), Venice Architecture Biennale (2006), Italy
  • Old Town Preservation on Zhongshan Street (2007-09), Hangzhou
  • Southern Song Dynasty Imperial Road Exhibition Hall (2009), Hangzhou
  • Ningbo Tengtou Pavilion, Shanghai Expo (2010)
  • Wa Shan , Guest House of the China Academy of Art, Hangzhou (2011–2013)
  • Village renewal in Wencun, Zhejiang Province (2012–16)
  • Bus: Stop in Krumbach , Austria (2014)

   Source: 

In the construction or design phase

  • Heyun Culture and Leisure Centers (2009), Kunming
  • City Cultural Center (2010), Jinhua
  • Shi Li Hong Zhuang Traditional Dowry Museum (2010), Ninghai
  • Contemporary Art Museum on the Dock (2010), Zhoushan
  • Buddhist Institute Library (2011), Hangzhou

Awards (selection)

Exhibitions (selection)

  • City of Expiration and Regeneration. Shenzhen & Hong Kong Bi-City Biennale of Urbanism / Architecture (UABB), December 8, 2007 - March 9, 2008, (participation).
  • Gardens of pleasure, gardens of fantastic madness. (OT: Jardins des délices, jardins des délires. ) France, Chaumont Castle , International Garden Festival (OT: Festival international des jardins - Domaine de Chaumont-sur-Loire ), April 25, 2012 - October 21, 2012, (participation).
  • Wang Shu • Amateur Architecture Studio. Denmark, Louisiana Museum of Modern Art , February 9, 2017 - April 30, 2017.
  • Wang Shu, Lu Wenyu. Amateur Architecture Studio. France, Bordeaux , Arc en rêve center d'architecture, May 31 - October 28, 2018.

literature

- chronological -

Movies

  • Sustainable architecture. Wang Shu - tradition and future. Documentary, Germany, 2018, 26:11 min., Script and direction: Ralf Breier and Claudia Kuhland, production: DreamTeam Medienproduktion, arte , WDR , series: Sustainable Architecture , first broadcast: November 18, 2018 by arte, synopsis by ARD , film images , online video available until December 24, 2018.
  • The possibility of co-existence of the urban and rural areas. Lecture with slide show, Great Britain, 2016, 59:16 min., Lecture: Wang Shu, Production: Royal Academy , Series: Annual Architecture Lecture , Internet publication: July 11, 2016, online video by RA .
  • Architecture. Wa Shan's guest house. (OT: Wa Shan. La maison d'hôtes. ) Documentary film, France, 2015, 26:15 min., Script and direction: Juliette Garcias, production: Les Films d'ici, arte France, Cité de l'architecture et du patrimoine , series: Baukunst (OT: Architectures ), first broadcast: October 18, 2015 on arte, synopsis by ARD , online video . Wa Shan means "mountain of bricks" and means the bricks that were collected from the demolished traditional houses in the province and reused for the guest house of the China Academy of Art University in Hangzhou.

Web links

Commons : Wang Shu  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Profile: Amateur Architecture Studio. In: world-architects.com , accessed on November 25, 2018.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g Robin Pogrebin: For First Time, Architect in China Wins Top Prize. In: New York Times , February 27, 2012.
  3. ^ Hing-wah Chau: City, Tradition and Contemporary China: From Wang Shu's Works to review his Critical Practice with the City. In: APCBEE Procedia , January 5, 2012: "... he advocates the use of local resources, continuity of craftsmanship and dialogue between architecture and surrounding landscape."
  4. ↑ Wang Shu & Lu Wenyu / Amateur Architecture Studio. In: Erich Schelling Architecture Prize , 2010.
  5. ↑ a b c Lu Rucai: Against the architectural uniformity - Wang Shu is the first Chinese architect to receive the Pritzker Prize. In: China Today , April 27, 2012.
  6. ↑ Shirley Surya: Mediating an Architecture of Autonomy, Authorship and Auteurism in China since 1995. In: Royal College of Art ( RCA ), 2011, dissertation , see in: Abstract .
  7. ↑ a b Corinne Elsesser: Beyond the mainstream. In: NZZ , June 23, 2012.
  8. ↑ a b Bert de Muynck: Local Hero. An interview with Wang Shu. In: Mark Magazine , April-May 2009.
  9. ↑ a b International Garden Festival: 30th Le jardin des nuées qui s'attardent - Wang Shu's garden. In: Schloss Chaumont , (German), April 25, 2012 - October 21, 2012.
  10. ^ Lecture: Kenzo Tange Lecture: Wang Shu, “Geometry and Narrative of Natural Form”. In: Harvard University , Graduate School of Design , November 4, 2011.
  11. ↑ a b Chinese architect Wang Shu wins Pritzker Prize. In: The Globe and Mail , February 28, 2012.
  12. ↑ 2012 Pritzker Prize Awarded to China's Wang Shu. In: University of Texas at Austin , School of Architecture , 2012, accessed November 25, 2018.
  13. ^ Lecture: Wang Shu and Lu Wenyu. Annual Architecture Lecture 2016. In: Royal Academy of Arts , July 11, 2016, with video.
  14. ↑ a b c Luigi Monzo: Chinese architect awarded the Pritzker Prize for the first time. In: luigimonzo.wordpress.com , February 28, 2012.
  15. ↑ a b c d Heiner Scharfenorth: Architecture according to the aesthetics of modernity. In: Architektur & Wohnen , 2012, No. 4, p. 4.
  16. ^ A b c Sarah Elsing: Fortifications of the play instinct. In: Die Welt , February 29, 2012.
  17. ↑ a b Documentary: Architecture. Wa Shan's guest house. In: ARD / arte , October 18, 2015.
  18. ^ Bert de Muynck: Local Hero | An interview with Wang Shu (CN). In: Mark magazine , April-May 2009: “They don't have a lot of time to rebuild them, so they put the bricks back together randomly. I find the resulting architecture very beautiful. "
  19. ↑ a b Wang Shu is the first Chinese to receive the Pritzker Prize for Architecture. In: Deutschlandfunk , Kultur heute , February 28, 2012. Architect Wilfried Wang in conversation with Christoph Schmitz.
  20. ↑ Kenneth Frampton : The Work of Wang Shu and Lu Wenyu. In: ArchDaily.com , March 23, 2017, (English).
  21. ^ Nate Berg: Renovation of Wencun Village. Amateur Architecture Studio. In: architectmagazine.com , March 3, 2017, (English).
  22. ↑ Ralf Breier and Claudia Kuhland: Sustainable Architecture. Wang Shu - tradition and future. In: ARD / arte , November 18, 2018, online video .
  23. ↑ Wang Shu: The possibility of co-existence of the urban and rural areas. In: Royal Academy , July 11, 2016, in the video from min. 59.
  24. ^ A b Claudia Diemar: Enjoying art with a bus connection. In: Stuttgarter Zeitung , February 23, 2016.
  25. ^ Gu Cun: The Ivy League Architects Who Revitalized Design in China. In: sixthtone.com , July 3, 2017.
  26. ↑ a b Biography: Wang Shu. In: Pritzker Prize , February 2012, (English).
  27. ↑ Global Award for Sustainable Architecture. Retrieved June 4, 2020 .
  28. ↑ Nomination: Nominated projects # 19. In: International Highrise Award , 2008.
  29. ↑ Heiner Scharfenorth: Wang Shu - The avant-garde traditionalist. In: A&W Architektur & Wohnen , 2012, No. 4, p. 1.
  30. ↑ Jury • Past Jury Members. ( Memento of November 26, 2012 in the Internet Archive ). In: Pritzker Prize , 2012.
  31. ^ Pritzker Prize for Wang Shu. Known as the builder of museums, libraries and other public buildings. In: Der Standard , February 28, 2012, with a series of photos.
  32. ^ Christopher Hawthorne: Pritzker Prize goes to Wang Shu, 48-year-old Chinese architect. In: LA Times , February 27, 2012.
  33. ^ Exhibition: Wang Shu • Amateur Architecture Studio. In: Louisiana Museum of Modern Art , February 9, 2017 - April 30, 2017.
  34. ^ Exhibition: Exposition Wang Shu, Lu Wenyu. In: Arc en rêve center d'architecture , May 31, 2018 - October 28, 2018, (French, English), with 2 videos.
Note: This article places the family name before the person's first name. This is the usual order in Chinese. Wang is the family name here, Shu is the first name.
personal data
SURNAME Shu, Wang
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Wang, Shu
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Chinese architect and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH 4th November 1963
PLACE OF BIRTH Ürümqi , Xinjiang , People's Republic of China