Wendingen

Wendingen , No. 11, born in 1921. Design: El Lissitzky

Wendingen , No. 12, born in 1921. Design: Johannes Duiker

Front and back of no. 11/12, year 1924. Design: Bernard Essers

Wendingen ( Dutch : Wendungen or Drehungen ) was an architecture and art magazine that was published from 1918 to 1933. The magazine , which was aimed at architects and interior designers , received a lot of recognition not only for its content, but also for its style-defining design and distinctive typography .

Content and design

The publication goes back to an initiative of the Amsterdam society Architectura et Amicitia (Architecture and Friendship). The editor-in-chief was the architect and designer Hendrik Wijdeveld (1885–1987). The other members of the editorial team were also architects. They had all been trained by Pierre Cuypers , one of the most important architects of historicism . In addition, two specialists in the field of illustration , Jan Lauweriks and Richard Roland Holst , exerted a great influence on the design of the magazine for a long time .

All editions of Wendingen were dedicated to a specific topic in the field of architecture, art or design. The outstanding topics included a. the decorative architecture of the Amsterdam School , the functionalism of the New Hague School with its main representative Willem Marinus Dudok and a seven-volume series on Frank Lloyd Wright . Further contents were questions of urban development and architecture- related sculpture . Wendingen was not limited to architectural topics, but also dealt with other art disciplines such as B. Interior architecture, design of everyday objects, graphics , theater and dance . There was also a special Art Deco edition designed by Eileen Gray .

Wendingen offered a forum for architects and artists who wanted to deal with current issues in their profession. In addition, a different artist was commissioned to design the cover for each issue , which also contributed to the diversity of the various artistic perspectives and increased the level of awareness of the individual artists. The editor-in-chief Hendrik Wijdeveld offered the artists maximum freedom. The design of the cover did not have to match the content of an edition. Mystical-symbolic designs by Holst and Jan Toorop alternated with the functional design by Dudok and Leendert van der Vlugt or the purely decorative designs by Lauweriks and Carel Adolph Lion Cachet (1864–1945). No rules were imposed on the creators of advertisements either.

The issues of the magazine were bound with a thread according to Lauweriks' specifications and all had a standard square format of 33 × 33 cm. The design of the cover usually continued on the back of the magazine. The printing was done on one side of rice paper. The pages were folded and hand-bound. Writing, decoration and pictures were treated the same. The typography was significantly influenced by Wijdeveld and has become known under the name Wendingen or Wijdeveld style. The magazine had a great influence on advertising and book design due to its dynamic overall compositions. The art magazine De Stijl soon found elements of the Wendingen style.

expenditure

Wendingen first appeared three months after De Stijl's first edition . In the 15 years between 1918 and 1933 a total of 116 issues were published. An average of eight issues were published each year. The circulation of the issues varied from 650 to 1,300 magazines. The Frank Lloyd Wright series from 1925 was one of the highest-circulation editions of the magazine. By 1923, the publishing house de Hooge Brug from Amsterdam published the magazine. In 1924 the publishing house of Constantinus Alting Mees (1894–1978) from Santpoort followed as publisher . The last edition of Wendingen appeared in February 1933 .

Wendingen was originally supposed to appear monthly with 12 issues per year. To achieve this, two issues were combined in one issue as early as 1918. In 1919 this procedure was used for two editions. In spite of this, issue no. 12 of the 1919 year did not appear until February 1920. In each of the following two volumes, two numbers were combined three times in one issue. The publication of issue no. 12 of the 1921 year was delayed until November 1922. Since the issues had already been published almost a year ago, the year 1922 was skipped and in January 1923 issue no. 1 of the year 1923 was published The year 1926 was skipped after issue no. 11/12 of the year 1925 had only appeared in September 1926. In the following years there were again delays, so that the last issue No. 11/12 of the year 1931 was published in February 1933.

Series 1	No.	publication	theme	Cover design	cover
1918	1	Jan. 1918	Architecture and applied arts	Jan Lauweriks
1918	2	Feb. 1918	Architecture and sculpture	Michel de Klerk
1918	3	March 1918	Architecture and sculpture	Hildo Krop
1918	4th	Apr. 1918	Architecture and applied arts	Cornelis Blaauw
1918	5	May 1918	architecture	Richard Roland Holst
1918	6th	June 1918	Architecture and sculpture	Henri Anton van Anrooy
1918	7th	July 1918	Amsterdam school	E. J. Kuipers
1918	8th	Aug 1918	Meerwijk Park in Bergen	Carel Adolph Lion Cachet
1918	9	Sep 1918	sculpture	Jan Sluijters
1918	10	Oct. 1918	architecture	Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita
1918	11/12	Dec 1918	Jan Toorop	Willem van Konijnenburg
Series 2	No.	publication	theme	Cover design	cover
1919	1	Jan. 1919	Asian art	Karel PC de Bazel
1919	2	Feb. 1919	Our time & Michel de Klerk	Tom Poggenbeek
1919	3	March 1919	dance	Jan Sluijters
1919	4th	May 1919	architecture	Pauline Bolken
1919	5	July 1919	Art in advertising	Jan Bertus Heukelom
1919	6th	Sep 1919	Interior design	Jan Luger
1919	7/8	Nov. 1919	Woodcut	Richard Roland Holst
1919	9/10	Nov. 1919	theatre	Jan Toorop
1919	11	Jan. 1920	architecture	Hildo Krop
1919	12	Feb. 1920	architecture	Guillaume la Croix
Series 3	No.	publication	theme	Cover design	cover
1920	1	March 1920	Sculpture of today	Bernard Essers
1920	2	Apr. 1920	The work of Gustav Klimt	Tjerk Bottema
1920	3/4	May 1920	Social housing	Michel de Klerk
1920	5	July 1920	Art from Hungary	Jozef Cantré
1920	6/7	Sep 1920	Masks	Richard Roland Holst
1920	8/9	Nov. 1920	Josef Hoffmann	Hendrik van den Eijnde
1920	10	Jan. 1921	The work of Erich Mendelsohn	Hendrik Wijdeveld
1920	11/12	Feb. 1921	Designed by Hendrik Petrus Berlage for the Art Museum The Hague	Jacob Jongert
Series 4	No.	publication	theme	Cover design	cover
1921	1/2	May 1921	The work of Willem van Konijnenburg	Hendrik Wijdeveld
1921	3	Sep 1921	East Asian art from the Petrucci collection in Amsterdam	Michel de Klerk
1921	4/5	Dec. 1921	Work by members of the Architectura et Amicitiae	Richard Roland Holst
1921	6th	Feb. 1922	Drawings and photographs of a house in Oostvoorne	Jaap Gidding
1921	7/8	May 1922	The puppet	Carel Adolph Lion Cachet
1921	9/10	July 1922	International theater exhibition in Amsterdam	Frits Lensvelt
1921	11	Oct. 1922	Frank Lloyd Wright	El Lissitzky
1921	12	Nov. 1922	The new building of the Rijksakademie	Jan Duiker & Bernard Bijvoet
Series 5	No.	publication	theme	Cover design	cover
1923	1	Jan. 1923	Stained glass window by Richard Roland Holst	Jacob Jongert
1923	2	March 1923	Advertising by Dutch artists	Jan Sluijters
1923	3	Apr. 1923	High-rise buildings in Europe and America	Johan Polet
1923	4th	May 1923	Residential houses in Amsterdam-Zuid	Albert Klijn
1923	5/6	July 1923	Sculptures by Dutch artists	Joseph Mendes da Costa
1923	7th	Sep 1923	Social housing in Amsterdam	Anton Kurvers
1923	8/9	Nov. 1923	Shellfish	Richard Roland Holst
1923	10	Feb. 1924	Book stamps by Dutch artists	Bernard Essers
1923	11/12	March 1924	Projects by the architects Julius Luthmann, Cornelis Blaauw and Joseph Crouwel	Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita
Series 6	No.	publication	theme	Cover design	cover
1924	1	Apr. 1924	Sculptures by Dutch artists	Jan Havermans
1924	2	May 1924	Sketches and studies by Michel de Klerk	Louise Beijerman
1924	3	July 1924	Works by Hermann Finsterlin	Hermann Finsterlin
1924	4/5	Aug 1924	Architectural projects by Michel de Klerk	Margaret Staal-Kropholler
1924	6th	Sep 1924	Eileen Gray	Hendrik Wijdeveld
1924	7th	Oct. 1924	Painting by Michel de Klerk	Tine Baanders
1924	8th	Jan. 1925	Hilversum Town Hall and other works by Willem Marinus Dudok	Willem Marinus Dudok
1924	9/10	Feb. 1925	Michel de Klerk building	Tine Baanders
1924	11/12	Apr. 1925	Glass and crystal work	Bernard Essers
Series 7	No.	publication	theme	Cover design	cover
1925	1	May 1925	De Mesquita	Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita
1925	2	July 1925	Sculptures by Hildo Krop	Hildo Krop
1925	3	Oct. 1925	Life's work of Frank Lloyd Wright	Hendrik Wijdeveld
1925	4th	Nov. 1925	Frank Lloyd Wright	Hendrik Wijdeveld
1925	5	Jan. 1926	Frank Lloyd Wright	Hendrik Wijdeveld
1925	6th	Feb. 1926	Frank Lloyd Wright	Hendrik Wijdeveld
1925	7th	March 1926	Frank Lloyd Wright	Hendrik Wijdeveld
1925	8th	March 1926	Frank Lloyd Wright	Hendrik Wijdeveld
1925	9	Apr. 1926	Frank Lloyd Wright	Hendrik Wijdeveld
1925	10	May 1926	Establishment - Michel de Klerk	Fokko Mees
1925	11/12	Sep 1926	Piet Kramer's Bijenkorf	Julius Luthmann
Series 8	No.	publication	theme	Cover design	cover
1927	1	June 1927	Sculptures	Johan Polet
1927	2	July 1927	inside rooms	Otto B. de Cat
1927	3	Sep 1927	The Flemish Folk Theater Johan de Meester	Anton Kurvers
1927	4th	Oct. 1927	Denmark	Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita
1927	5	Nov 1927	Sweden	Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita
1927	6/7	Jan. 1928	Amsterdam West	Jan Snellebrand
1927	8th	Feb. 1928	Sweden II	Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita
1927	9/10	March 1928	Austria	Christa Ehrlich
1927	11	Apr. 1928	Social housing in Amsterdam	Pieter Lucas Marnette
1927	12	May 1928	Graphic art	Tine Baanders
Series 9	No.	publication	theme	Cover design	cover
1928	1	July 1928	Architect Willem Marinus Dudok	Hendrik Wouda
1928	2	Aug 1928	Technology and art	Willem Hendrik Gispen
1928	3/4	Sep 1928	Works by Jan Toorop in private collections	Richard Roland Holst
1928	5	Oct. 1928	Hindujavan sculpture	Johan ten Klooster
1928	6/7	Nov. 1928	Sculptures	Nicolaas van de Vecht
1928	8th	Dec 1928	Cartoons by Albert Hahn	Albert Hahn Jr.
1928	9	Jan. 1929	Works by Johan Thorn Prikker	Hildo Krop
1928	10	March 1929	Graphic art	Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita
1928	11	Apr. 1929	Puppets and marionettes	Anton Kurvers
1928	12	May 1929	Russian icons	K. Katkof
Series 10	No.	publication	theme	Cover design	cover
1929	1	July 1929	Sculptures by Ossip Zadkine	Hildo Krop
1929	2	Sep 1929	Glasswork by Chris Lebeau	Chris Lebeau
1929	3	Oct. 1929	Painting by Diego Rivera	Vilmos Huszár
1929	4th	Dec 1929	St. Nicolas Church in IJsselstein	Joop Sjollema
1929	5/6	Jan. 1930	Architect Jan Frederik Staal	Margaret Kropholler
1929	7th	Feb. 1930	Painting by Lyonel Feininger	Tine Baanders
1929	8th	Apr. 1930	Architect Jan Lauweriks	Jan Lauweriks
1929	9	June 1930	Classic Italian art	Jan Poortenaar
1929	10	July 1930	Russian theater	Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita
1929	11/12	Oct. 1930	Architecture in Amsterdam Zuid	Henri Tino Zwiers
Series 11	No.	publication	theme	Cover design	cover
1930	1	Nov. 1930	Rothenburg ob der Tauber	A. P. Smits
1930	2	Dec 1930	Van Nelle factory in Rotterdam	Leendert van der Vlugt
1930	3	Jan. 1931	The Dutch pavilion in Antwerp 1930	Willem Jacob Rozendaal
1930	4th	March 1931	Bourdelle	Jouke Zietsma
1930	5	Apr. 1931	Aerial photos of the Netherlands	Arthur Staal
1930	6/7	June 1931	Stained glass and glass sculptures by Richard Roland Holst	Joop Sjollema
1930	8th	July 1931	De Bijenkorf in Rotterdam by Willem Marinus Dudok	Arthur Staal
1930	9	Aug 1931	Infographic	Peter Alma
1930	10	Oct. 1931	Leerdam glass factory	Andries Dirk Copier
1930	11/12	Nov 1931	Hilversum town hall	Willem Marinus Dudok
Series 12	No.	publication	theme	Cover design	cover
1931	1	Jan. 1932	Sculptures by Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita	Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita
1931	2	Feb. 1932	Dutch poster art	S. L. Black
1931	3	March 1932	Joep Nicolas - glass painter	Joep Nicolas
1931	4th	Apr. 1932	Country houses	Henry Zwiers
1931	5	May 1932	Sculptures by Hildo Krop	Hildo Krop
1931	6th	July 1932	Painting by Pyke Koch , Kor Postma and Carel Willink	Arthur Staal
1931	7/8	Sep 1932	schools	Henry Zwiers
1931	9	Oct. 1932	Statues	Theo van Reijn
1931	10	Dec 1932	Emil Fahrenkamp	Otto B. de Cat
1931	11/12	Feb. 1933	Churches	Jouke Zietsma