Wilhelm Pieper (revolutionary)

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Wilhelm Pieper

Friedrich Ludwig Wilhelm Pieper (* 1826 in Hanover ; † January 10, 1898 in Freiburg im Breisgau ) was a German revolutionary , journalist and high school teacher .

Life

Pieper was the son of a postal auditor in Hanover. He began studying Protestant theology at the Georg-August University in Göttingen at Easter 1846 . He first became a member and senior of the Corps Hanseatia Göttingen , which on February 19, 1848 took over the tradition of the Corps Hannovera Göttingen , which was suspended in 1846 , and united with it. At Hannovera he also became a senior.

The March Revolution escalated in Göttingen on March 17, 1848 with the move to Northeim , from where the students traveled to their hometowns the next day. The student body of the University of Göttingen did not return to the city until May 1, 1848, to the cheers of the people of Göttingen. The citizens of Göttingen gave their students a large feast in the university riding arena in honor of which 900 people were fed. In the course of the arming of the people in May / June 1848 he was appointed leader of one of the trains of the student company formed by the SC zu Göttingen . On July 15, 1848 Pieper represented the SC zu Göttingen when the Kösener Seniors Convents Association (KSCV) was founded in the auditorium of the University of Jena . Under the influence of the student progress , he founded the progress connection Teutonia in Göttingen, later the Corps Teutonia Göttingen, with seven other corps students who followed him (including Hugo Pernice ) on November 25, 1848 , where he also took on the first batch. Teutonia had a strong fraternity character until around 1850 . Wilhelm Pieper was born on December 2, 1848 by the Corps Hannovera from Corpsconvent dimittiert and in January 1849 also, he was Corp. band of the Corps Hanseatia withdrawn. Wilhelm Pieper received his doctorate as Dr. phil. Pieper was, together with the Heidelberg fraternity member Johannes von Miquel, one of the new founders of the Göttingen gymnastics club after the gymnastics ban and co-editor of the German student newspaper published in Göttingen in 1848 , which is one of the first student newspapers in Germany.

Pieper was sentenced on November 24, 1849 to four weeks in prison for lese majesty . Shortly after serving, he went to London in early 1850. In September 1850, in exile in London , he became Karl Marx's temporary private secretary and translated some of his works into German or English. Pieper also corresponded with Friedrich Engels , who lived in Manchester. In 1852 he found an income through a job as a teacher with the Rothschild family for their son Alfred Rothschild in Bognor . The twelve year old Marx daughter Jenny Marx called the secretary of her father Wilhelm Pieper “Benedick the married man” from Much Ado About Nothing , but her sister Laura Marx said: “Benedick was a wit, he is but 'a clown', and 'a cheap clown 'too'.

Wilhelm Pieper was a member of the Communist League . In 1850 he established contact between Karl Marx and the later Prussian finance minister Johannes von Miquel, who later worked as a lawyer in Göttingen, who, like Pieper, adhered to the communists during the 1850s and then turned back to the bourgeois-liberal camp. Numerous letters from Pieper to Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels and other leading members of the League of Communists have been preserved in the archives. After losing his job in Bognor in autumn 1856, Wilhelm Pieper returned to Germany in 1859 due to an amnesty and initially received a teaching position in Bremen . In 1868 he switched to the cathedral grammar school in Verden as a teacher . In 1870 he was a senior teacher at the Hanover Lyceum . Pieper spent the last years of his life in Freiburg im Breisgau, where he died at the age of 72.

items

  • The Trial of the Communists at Cologne. The Verdict , in: The People's Paper, the Champignon of potitical justice and right . Ed. Ernest Charles Jones . London No. 26 of October 30, 1852
  • The Trial of the Communists at Cologne. The Verdict , in: The People's Paper, the Champignon of potitical justice and right . Ed. Ernest Charles Jones . London No. 30 of November 27, 1852

Archival material

  • Manuscript on Lamartine's Girondins . French (1852) 4 pages
  • Translation d. 18. 'Brumaire', Chapters II and III English (September 1852) 51 pages
  • 16 letters from Wilhelm Pieper to Friedrich Engels (1850–1857).
  • 21 letters from Wilhelm Pieper to Karl Marx (1851–1859).
  • Three letters from Karl Marx and Wilhelm Pieper to Friedrich Engels (1851)
  • Ernest Jones to Karl Marx and Wilhelm Pieper.
  • A letter from Wilhelm Pieper to W. Cyples (1856).
  • Johannes Miquel wrote a letter to Wilhelm Pieper (1850).

literature

  • Karl Georg Ludwig Wermuth , Wilhelm Stieber : The Communist Conspiracies of the Nineteenth Century . Second part. AW Hayn, Berlin 1854. (online)
  • Wilhelm Fabricius : History and Chronicle of the Kösener SC Association. According to the files of Dr. W. Fabricius. G. Elwert'sche University Bookstore, Marburg 1907.
  • Berent Schwineköper : The student "progress" and the establishment of the Göttingen progress connection Teutonia in 1848. Corps newspaper of Teutonia, No. 63, Göttingen 1937.
  • H. Gideon, Berent Schwineköper, R. Westermann: History of the Corps Teutonia-Hercynia 1854–1962. Goettingen 1962
  • Berent Schwineköper: On the history of the Göttingen corps and connections around 1848, at the same time a souvenir sheet to Wilh. Pieper, Hanseatia… . Einst und Jetzt , Vol. 8 (1963), pp. 70-78
  • Franz Stadtmüller (ed.): History of the Corps Hannovera zu Göttingen 1809–1959 . Goettingen 1963
  • Berent Schwineköper: Wilhelm Pieper Teutoniae as a revolutionary from Göttingen (1848) and as an emigrant in London in the circle of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels (1849-1859). Einst und Jetzt , Vol. 9 (1964), pp. 5-23
  • The League of Communists. Documents and materials. 1849–1851 Vol. 2. Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1982
  • The League of Communists. Documents and materials. 1851–1852 Vol. 3. Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1984
  • Heinrich F. Curschmann: Blue Book of the Corps Hannovera to Göttingen. Vol. 1: 1809-1899. Göttingen 2002, No. 478
  • Richard Sperl, Hanno Strauss: A newly found letter from Wilhelm Pieper to Friedrich Engels from November 20, 1851 . In: Marx-Engels-Jahrbuch 2011, Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2011, pp. 204–219

Web links

Commons : Wilhelm Pieper  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Enrollment on April 25, 1846; see Wilhelm Ebel : The register of the Georg-August-Universität zu Göttingen, 1837-1900 , Hildesheim 1974
  2. ^ Fr. Stadtmüller: Corpsgeschichte Hannovera. P. 153 ff.
  3. ^ Stadtmüller: Corps history Hannovera. P. 160ff.
  4. ^ Stadtmüller: Corps history Hannovera. P. 164.
  5. ↑ The prorector of the University of Jena made the auditorium available. Eleven SC were represented at the first congress: Heidelberg (by Klinggräff, by Sileon), Halle (Graf Guestphaliae and Müller Marchiae), Jena (Wurlitzer Franconiae and v. Stein Thuringiae), Leipzig (Gretschel Lusatiae), Gießen (Ludwig Starkenburgiae ), Breslau (Schmula Silesiae), Erlangen (order Baruthiae), Freiburg, Greifswald, Göttingen (Pieper, then Hannoverae, later as a progressive co-founder of Teutonia Göttingen) and probably Bonn. Suevia Munich (Rothenfelder) and Bavaria Munich (by Lobkowitz) were unofficially represented. Freiburg was invited too late. Kiel only had 5 corps boys and was represented by Heidelberg. - The assertion made at the Wartburg meeting that the corps congress only had the purpose “to raise the flag of particularism again and to destroy in all ways the achievements (!) Of the Wartburg meeting” was rejected and a corresponding publication in the Göttingen German Student newspaper (No. 6) decided (Fabricius 1907, p. 15).
  6. ↑ See Stadtmüller: Corpsgeschichte Hannovera. P. 166; Foundation Day of Teutonia as Corps June 15, 1854.
  7. ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1960, 46, 10 with reference to the fact that the former members of the Progress connection later joined the Corps Teutonia Göttingen as old men.
  8. ^ Stadtmüller: Corps history Hannovera. P. 166.
  9. ^ German student newspaper Nos. 1 - 8, July 5 - August 23, 1848, Huth, Göttingen 1848; in the Institute for Higher Education , Würzburg, and in the SUB Göttingen
  10. ↑ A friend of mine translated my work against Proudhon from French into German and made his own introduction. (Karl Marx to Hermann Becker December 2, 1850)
  11. ^ Wilhelm Pieper to Friedrich Engels December 16, 1850.
  12. ↑ en: Alfred de Rothschild
  13. ^ Karl Marx to Friedrich Engels April 10, 1856 (MEW Vol. 29, p. 40).
  14. ^ Eduard Bernstein : Johannes Miquel's letters to Karl Marx . In: The new time . Weekly of the German Social Democracy . 32.1913-1914, Volume 2 (1914), Issue 1, pp. 4-9 and Issue 2, pp. 65-75.
  15. ↑ Berent Swineköper (1963), p. 77
  16. ^ IISG Marx Engels estate Q 15.
  17. ^ IISG Marx Engels estate Q 16.
  18. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition, Section III. Vol. 3, pp. 702-703; Vol. 4, pp. 372-374, 401-402, 524-525; Vol. 5, pp. 213-214, 235-236; Vol. 6, pp. 220-221, 444-445, 541; Vol. 7, pp. 258, 355; Vol. 8, pp. 470, 471.
  19. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition, Section III. Vol. 4, pp. 486-488, 491-495, 497-501, 506-507, 510-511; Vol. 5, pp. 384-385; Vol. 7, pp. 282, 283-284, 477, 516-517; Vol. 8, pp. 273, 279, 280, 283, 295-296, 370-371, 410-411, 435; Vol. 9, pp. 225-226, 244, 303-304.
  20. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition, Section III. Vol. 4, pp. 16-17, 57-60, 79-83.
  21. ↑ IISG Marx Engels estate D2527.
  22. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition, Section III. Vol. 8, p. 523.
  23. ^ IISG Marx-Engels-Nachlass R 81.


personal data
SURNAME Pieper, Wilhelm
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pieper, Friedrich Ludwig Wilhelm (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German revolutionary, journalist and teacher
DATE OF BIRTH 1826
PLACE OF BIRTH Hanover
DATE OF DEATH January 10, 1898
Place of death Freiburg in Breisgau